复变函数与解析函数
Author : Benjamin142857
[TOC]
0 .几个基本概念
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实虚部
P l u r a l : z = x + i y R e a l : x = R e z I m a g i n a r y : y = I m z Plural:\ \ \ z=x+iy \\ Real:\ \ \ x = Re\ z \\ Imaginary: \ \ \ y=Im\ z Plural: z=x+iyReal: x=Re zImaginary: y=Im z -
辐角
θ 0 \theta_0 θ0 : 唯一； − π < θ 0 < π -\pi < \theta_0 < \pi −π<θ0<π，
θ \theta θ : 无穷个； θ = θ 0 + 2 k π ( k ∈ Z ) \theta = \theta_0 + 2k\pi\ \ \ (k\in Z) θ=θ0+2kπ (k∈Z)
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主辐角
θ 0 = a r g z \theta_0 = arg\ z θ0=arg z -
辐角
θ = A r g z \theta = Arg\ z θ=Arg z
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1. 复数常用运算
复数运算满足交换律、结合律、分配律、以下是几种常用的快捷运算
(1.1) z 1 z 2 = ( x 1 x 2 − y 1 y 2 ) + i ( x 1 y 2 + x 2 y 1 ) z_1z_2 = (x_1x_2-y_1y_2)+i(x_1y_2+x_2y_1)\tag{1.1} z1z2=(x1x2−y1y2)+i(x1y2+x2y1)(1.1)
(1.2) z 1 z 2 = x 1 x 2 + y 1 y 2 x 2 2 + y 2 2 + i x 2 y 1 − x 1 y 2 x 2 2 + y 2 2 \frac{z_1}{z_2} = \frac{x_1x_2+y_1y_2}{x_2^2+y_2^2} + i\frac{x_2y_1-x_1y_2}{x_2^2+y_2^2}\tag{1.2} z2z1=x22+y22x1x2+y1y2+ix22+y22x2y1−x1y2(1.2)
(1.3) z 1 ± z 2 ‾ = z 1 ‾ ± z 2 ‾ , z 1 z 2 ‾ = z 1 ‾ ⋅ z 2 ‾ , ( z 1 z 2 ) ‾ = z 1 ‾ z 2 ‾ \overline{z_1\pm z_2} =\overline{z_1} \pm \overline{z_2},\ \ \ \ \overline{z_1z_2} =\overline{z_1}·\overline{z_2},\ \ \ \ \overline{(\frac{z_1}{z_2})} = \frac{\overline{z_1}}{\overline{z_2}}\tag{1.3} z1±z2=z1±z2, z1z2=z1⋅z2
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