C与Lua交互之将C结构体组成table传递到Lua

概述

前面的Lua与C交互之函数注册中讲述了怎么将C函数注册到Lua中让Lua使用。
当Lua中调用C提供的获取数据的接口时，C怎么将多个结构体类型转换成Lua的嵌套table类型呢？

下面通过一个例子来讲解

例子详解

C数据类型 

typedef struct student
{
	int	 age;		///< 年龄	
	int	 grade;		///< 年级
	char name[32];	///< 姓名
}student;

typedef struct  school
{
	char phone[32];		///< 电话
	int  totalPeople；	///< 总人数
}school;

定义获取数据的接口

int get_student_info(student* p_student)
{
	assert(NULL != p_student);
	p_student->age = 8;
	p_student->grade = 3;
	strncpy(p_student->name, "XiaoMing", 32);
	
	return 0;
}

int get_school_info(school* p_school)
{
	assert(NULL != p_school);
	p_school->totalPeople = 500;
	strncpy(p_school->phone, "1008611", 32);

	return 0;
}

注册到Lua调用的接口实现

#define JL_GET_ARRAY_MAX            16          ///< 一次获取最多属性数目
#define JL_KEY_BUF_MAX              16          ///< 关键字最大缓存长度

static void format_student(lua_State *L)
{
	student student_info;
	memset(&student_info, 0, sizeof(student_info));
	int ret = get_student_info(&student_info);
	if (0 != ret)
	{
		assert(false);	
	}
	else
	{
		lua_newtable(L);
		lua_pushstring(L, student_info.name);
		lua_setfield(L, -2, "name");
	
		lua_pushinteger(L, student_info.age);
		lua_setfield(L, -2, "age");
		
		lua_pushinteger(L, student_info.grade);
		lua_setfield(L, -2, "grade");
		
		//嵌套student表到参数表中
		lua_pushstring(L, "student");
		lua_insert(L, -2); /*	student table */
		lua_settable(L, -3); /* param.student = student */
	}
}

static void format_school(lua_State *L)
{
	school school_info;
	memset(&school_info, 0, sizeof(school_info));
	int ret = get_school_info(&school_info);
	if (0 != ret)
	{
		assert(false);	
	}
	else
	{
		lua_newtable(L);
		lua_pushstring(L, school_info.phone);
		lua_setfield(L, -2, "phone");
	
		lua_pushinteger(L, school_info.totalPeople);
		lua_setfield(L, -2, "totalPeople");
				
		//嵌套school表到参数表中
		lua_pushstring(L, "school");
		lua_insert(L, -2); /*	school table */
		lua_settable(L, -3); /* param.school = school */
	}
}

//这里我们注册到Lua的函数 参数为数组{"school", "student"}
int lua_get_info(lua_State *L)
{
	luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE); //检测传递过来的是否为table
	int array_len = lua_rawlen(L, 1); //数组的长度
	char keys[JL_GET_ARRAY_MAX][JL_KEY_BUF_MAX] = { 0 };
	int len_max = (array_len <= JL_GET_ARRAY_MAX) ? array_len : JL_GET_ARRAY_MAX;

	int idx = 1;
	int keys_num = 0;
	//取元素
	for (int i = 0; i < len_max; i++)
	{
		lua_rawgeti(L, 1, idx++); //取数据元素   

		size_t tmp_len = 0;
		const char* p_str = luaL_checklstring(L, -1, &tmp_len);

		if ((0 < tmp_len) && (tmp_len < JL_KEY_BUF_MAX))
		{
			strcpy(keys[keys_num], p_str);
			keys_num += 1;
		}

		lua_pop(L, 1);
	}

	//返回table	
	lua_newtable(L);

	for (int k = 0; k < keys_num; ++k)
	{
		if (0 == strcmp(keys[k], "school"))
		{
			format_school(L); //拼school table
		}
		else if (0 == strcmp(keys[k], "student"))
		{
			format_student(L); //拼student table
		}
	}

	return 1; //表明返回一个参数
}

Lua中测试代码

local b_app_api = require(app_api)
local param = b_app_api.get_info{"school", "student"}
assert(param ~= nil)
print(param.student.age, param.student.grade, param.student.name)
print(param.school.phone, param.school.totalPeople)

结果：
[LUA-print]: 8	3	XiaoMing
[LUA-print]: 1008611	500

数据数据传递简单实例

1给Lua传递数据

int num_list[] = {2, 5, 8, 3};
lua_newtable(L);
for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
{
	lua_pushinteger(L, num[i]);
	lua_rawseti(L, -2, i + 1);
}
lua_pushstring(L, "num_list");
lua_insert(L, -2);
lua_settable(L, -3);

2从Lua取数组数据

luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE);
int array_len = lua_rawlen(L, 1);
int *num_list = new int[array_len];
memset(num_list, 0, sizeof(int) * array_len);
for (int i = 0; i < array_len; ++i)
{
	lua_rawgeti(L, 1, i + 1);
	num_list[i] = lua_tointeger(L, -1);	
	lua_pop(L, 1);
}
//To do 

delete [] num_list;