文件上传和下载
步骤:
- 创建maven项目,添加web支持,添加artifacts相关的库,pom.xml导入相关依赖
- 配置web.xml 和 applicationContext.xml文件
- 编写jsp页面,用于实现一个上传文件表单和请求
- 编写controller,实现上传请求
- 配置tomcat,启动测试
pom.xml
<dependencies>
<!-- spring-mvc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- servlet -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- jsp -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- jstl -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--文件-->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.3</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 中文 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<!-- 1. 自动扫描包,让指定包下注解生效,由IOC容器统一管理-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.palen.controller"/>
<!-- 2. 让springMVC不处理静态资源,类似css html js文件-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 3. springMVC注解支持 : 映射器 + 适配器 并解决乱码问题 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven>
<mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true">
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
<constructor-arg value="UTF-8"/>
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
<property name="objectMapper">
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperFactoryBean">
<property name="failOnEmptyBeans" value="false"/>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
</mvc:message-converters>
</mvc:annotation-driven>
<!-- <mvc:annotation-driven/>-->
<!-- 4. 添加视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<!-- 后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!--文件上传配置-->
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<!-- 请求的编码格式,必须和jSP的pageEncoding属性一致,以便正确读取表单的内容,默认为ISO-8859-1 -->
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"/>
<!-- 上传文件大小上限,单位为字节(10485760=10M) -->
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"/>
<property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960"/>
</bean>
</beans>
index.jsp
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/upload" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post">
<input type="file" name="file"/>
<input type="submit" value="上传">
</form>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/download">下载</a>
FileController.java
- 上传文件 (方法一)
//@RequestParam("file") 将name=file控件得到的文件封装成CommonsMultipartFile 对象
//批量上传CommonsMultipartFile则为数组即可
@RequestMapping("/upload")
public String fileUpload(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file , HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {
//1.获取文件名 : file.getOriginalFilename();
String uploadFileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
//2.如果文件名为空,直接回到首页!
if ("".equals(uploadFileName)){
return "redirect:/index.jsp";
}
System.out.println("上传文件名 : "+uploadFileName);
//3.上传路径保存设置:此处定为该项目的输出目录out/upload
//path:不带文件名
//realPath:带文件名路径
String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
File realPath = new File(path);
if (!realPath.exists()){//如果路径不存在,创建一个
realPath.mkdir();
}
System.out.println("上传文件保存地址:"+realPath);
//4.文件开始上传(此处雷打不动代码)
InputStream is = file.getInputStream(); //文件输入流
OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(new File(realPath,uploadFileName)); //文件输出流
//读取写出
int len=0;
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
while ((len=is.read(buffer))!=-1){
os.write(buffer,0,len);
os.flush();
}
os.close();
is.close();
return "redirect:/index.jsp";
}
- 上传文件 (方法二)
/*
* 采用file.Transto 来保存上传的文件
*/
@RequestMapping("/upload2")
public String fileUpload2(@RequestParam("file") CommonsMultipartFile file, HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {
//1.上传路径保存设置
String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
File realPath = new File(path);
if (!realPath.exists()){
realPath.mkdir();
}
//2.上传文件地址
System.out.println("上传文件保存地址:"+realPath);
//3.通过CommonsMultipartFile的方法直接写文件(注意这个时候)
file.transferTo(new File(realPath +"/"+ file.getOriginalFilename()));
//4.返回首页
return "redirect:/index.jsp";
}
- 文件下载
@RequestMapping(value="/download")
public String downloads(HttpServletResponse response , HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception{
//要下载的图片地址和名称(此处定死,可前端传来文件链接)
String path = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
String fileName = "1.png";
//1、设置response 响应头
response.reset(); //设置页面不缓存,清空buffer
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); //字符编码
response.setContentType("multipart/form-data"); //二进制传输数据
//设置响应头
response.setHeader("Content-Disposition",
"attachment;fileName="+ URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8"));
File file = new File(path,fileName);
//2、 读取文件--输入流
InputStream input=new FileInputStream(file);
//3、 写出文件--输出流
OutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
byte[] buff =new byte[1024];
int index=0;
//4、执行 写出操作
while((index= input.read(buff))!= -1){
out.write(buff, 0, index);
out.flush();
}
out.close();
input.close();
return null;
}