Head First Python--使用类封装数据和方法，类继承简化编码

import os

#设置工作路径，包含测试需要的运动员数据文件

os.chdir('d:/Python_test/ch6') 

#数据整理函数：数据文件中可能存在2-34、2.34、2:34等不同的记录

def sanitize(time_string):
    if '-' in time_string:
        splitter = '-'
    elif ':' in time_string:
        splitter = ':'
    else:
        return time_string
    (mins, secs) = time_string.split(splitter)
    return(mins + '.' + secs)

#继承自list，定义AthleteList，注意self.extend()方法的运用

class AthleteList(list):
    def __init__(self, a_name, a_dob=None, a_times=[]):
        list.__init__([])
        self.name = a_name
        self.dob = a_dob
        self.extend(a_times)
    def top3(self):
        return(sorted(set([sanitize(t) for t in self]))[0:3])

#定义函数：读入数据文件并对AthleteList对象赋值
def get_coach_data(filename):
    try:
        with open(filename) as data_file:
            data = data_file.readline()
        tmp = data.strip().split(',')
        return(AthleteList((tmp.pop(0)), AthleteList(tmp.pop(0)), tmp))
    except IOError as err:
        print('File error! ' + str(err))
        return(None)

#注意Python中变量直接使用，不需要声明。比如这里：对象直接赋值并使用，不需像C++那样new()

James = get_coach_data('james2.txt')
Sarah = get_coach_data('sarah2.txt')
Julie = get_coach_data('julie2.txt')
Mikey = get_coach_data('mikey2.txt')

print(James.name + "'s fastest times are: " + str(James.top3()))
print(Julie.name + "'s fastest times are: " + str(Julie.top3()))
print(Mikey.name + "'s fastest times are: " + str(Mikey.top3()))
print(Sarah.name + "'s fastest times are: " + str(Sarah.top3()))