web应用程序开发案例分析实验三 Spring Boot数据访问

实验三   Spring Boot数据访问

一、实验目的

1、掌握Spring Boot整合MyBatis的使用

2、掌握Spring Boot整合JPA的使用

3、掌握Spring Boot整合Redis的使用

二、实验内容

1、使用注解的方式整合MyBatis

2、使用配置文件的方式整合MyBatis

3、使用Spring Boot整合JPA

4、使用Spring Boot整合Redis

三、实验步骤

1、数据准备

①创建数据库

CREATE DATABASE springbootdata;

②创建数据表t_article

 CREATE TABLE `t_article` (
  `id` int(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '文章id',
  `title` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '文章标题',
  `content` longtext COMMENT '文章内容',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

③ 向数据表t_article插入相关数据

INSERT INTO `t_article` VALUES ('1', 'Spring Boot基础入门', '从入门到精通讲解...');
INSERT INTO `t_article` VALUES ('2', 'Spring Cloud基础入门', '从入门到精通讲解...');

④ 创建数据表t_comment

  CREATE TABLE `t_comment` (
  `id` int(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '评论id',
  `content` longtext COMMENT '评论内容',
  `author` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '评论作者',
  `a_id` int(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '关联的文章id',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

⑤ 向数据表t_comment插入相关数据

INSERT INTO `t_comment` VALUES ('1', '很全、很详细', '狂奔的蜗牛', '1');
INSERT INTO `t_comment` VALUES ('2', '赞一个', 'tom', '1');
INSERT INTO `t_comment` VALUES ('3', '很详细', 'kitty', '1');
INSERT INTO `t_comment` VALUES ('4', '很好,非常详细', '张三', '1');
INSERT INTO `t_comment` VALUES ('5', '很不错', '张杨', '2');

2、创建项目

①创建项目,引入MySQL和MyBatis的依赖启动器

②编写实体类Comment

在src\main\java文件夹下的com.lg.ch03下创建domain文件夹,并在新建的文件夹下创建Comment.java

public class Comment {
    private Integer id;
    private String content;
    private String author;
    private Integer aId;
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getContent() {
        return content;
    }

    public void setContent(String content) {
        this.content = content;
    }

    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }

    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }

    public Integer getaId() {
        return aId;
    }

    public void setaId(Integer aId) {
        this.aId = aId;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Comment{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", content='" + content + '\'' +
                ", author='" + author + '\'' +
                ", aId=" + aId +
                '}';
    }


}

③编写实体类Article

在domain中创建Article.java

import java.util.List;

public class Article {
    private Integer id;
    private String title;
    private String content;
    private List<Comment> commentList;
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }

    public void setTitle(String title) {
        this.title = title;
    }

    public String getContent() {
        return content;
    }

    public void setContent(String content) {
        this.content = content;
    }

    public List<Comment> getCommentList() {
        return commentList;
    }

    public void setCommentList(List<Comment> commentList) {
        this.commentList = commentList;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Article{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", title='" + title + '\'' +
                ", content='" + content + '\'' +
                ", commentList=" + commentList +
                '}';
    }


}

3、依赖添加及配置

① 在resources下的application.properties全局配置文件中进行数据库连接配置

spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springbootdata?serverTimezone=UTC
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=1234

② 在pom.xml设置数据源类型配置(以阿里巴巴的Druid数据源为例)

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <version>1.1.10</version>
</dependency>

③在resources下的application.properties全局配置文件中设置属性

spring.datasource.type = com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
spring.datasource.initialSize=20
spring.datasource.minIdle=10
spring.datasource.maxActive=100
mybatis.configuration.map-underscore-to-camel-case=true

4、功能实现

(1)使用注解方式整合MyBatis

 ① 在com.lg.ch03文件夹下创建mapper文件夹并创建Mapper接口文件CommentMapper.java

import com.lg.domain.Comment;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.*;
@Mapper
public interface CommentMapper {
    //查询数据操作
    @Select("SELECT * FROM t_comment WHERE id =#{id}")
    public Comment findById(Integer id);
    //插入数据操作
    @Insert("INSERT INTO t_comment(content,author,a_id) " + "values (#{content},#{author},#{aId})")
    public int insertComment(Comment comment);
    //更新数据操作
    @Update("UPDATE t_comment SET content=#{content} WHERE id=#{id}")
    public int updateComment(Comment comment);
    //删除数据操作
    @Delete("DELETE FROM t_comment WHERE id=#{id}")
    public int deleteComment(Integer id);
}

② 编写测试方法进行接口方法测试以及整合测试

在src\test\java\com.lg.ch03文件夹下的Ch03ApplicationTests中填写

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class Chapter03ApplicationTests {
	@Autowired
	private CommentMapper commentMapper;
	@Test
	public void selectComment() {
		Comment comment = commentMapper.findById(1);
		System.out.println(comment);
}
}

③ 程序运行

(2)使用配置文件方式整合 MyBatis

① 在mapper文件夹下创建Mapper接口文件ArticleMapper.java

import com.lg.ch03.domain.Article;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;

@Mapper
public interface ArticleMapper {
    public Article selectArticle(Integer id);
    public int updateArticle(Article article);
}

② 在resources下创建mapper文件夹并在其内创建XML映射文件ArticleMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.lg.ch03.mapper.ArticleMapper">
<!--    查询操作:-->
    <select id="selectArticle" resultMap="articleWithComment">
       SELECT a.*,c.id c_id,c.content c_content,c.author
       FROM t_article a,t_comment c
       WHERE a.id=c.a_id AND a.id = #{id}
</select>
<!--    更新操作:-->
    <update id="updateArticle" parameterType="Article" >
        UPDATE t_article
        <set>
            <if test="title !=null and title !=''">
                title=#{title},
            </if>
            <if test="content !=null and content !=''">
                content=#{content}
            </if>
        </set>
        WHERE id=#{id}
    </update>
<!--    结果集:-->
    <resultMap id="articleWithComment" type="Article">
        <id property="id" column="id" />
        <result property="title" column="title" />
        <result property="content" column="content" />
        <collection property="commentList" ofType="Comment">
            <id property="id" column="c_id" />
            <result property="content" column="c_content" />
            <result property="author" column="author" />
        </collection>
    </resultMap>
</mapper>

③ 在resources下的全局配置文件application.properties 文件中配置XML映射文件路径

#配置MyBatis的xml配置文件路径
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:mapper/*.xml
#配置XML映射文件中指定的实体类别名路径
mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.lg.ch03.domain

④ 在Ch03ApplicationTests文件中编写单元测试对接口进行测试

@Autowired
private ArticleMapper articleMapper;
@Test
public void selectArticle() {
	Article article = articleMapper.selectArticle(1);
	System.out.println(article);
}

⑤ 程序运行

5.使用Spring Boot 整合 JPA

① 在pom文件中添加Spring Data JPA依赖启动器

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>

② 编写ORM实体类

在domain文件夹下创建Discuss.java文件

import javax.persistence.*;

@Entity(name = "t_comment")
public class Discuss {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Integer id;
    private String content;
    private String author;
    @Column(name = "a_id")
    private Integer aId;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getContent() {
        return content;
    }

    public void setContent(String content) {
        this.content = content;
    }

    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }

    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }

    public Integer getaId() {
        return aId;
    }

    public void setaId(Integer aId) {
        this.aId = aId;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Discuss{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", content='" + content + '\'' +
                ", author='" + author + '\'' +
                ", aId=" + aId +
                '}';
    }
}

③ 编写Repository接口

在com.lg.ch03文件夹下创建repository文件夹并在内创建DiscussRepository.java接口文件

import com.lg.ch03.domain.Discuss;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.*;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import java.util.List;

public interface DiscussRepository extends JpaRepository<Discuss,Integer> {
    //查询author非空的Discuss评论集合
    public List<Discuss> findByAuthorNotNull();
    //根据文章id分页查询Discuss评论集合
    @Query("SELECT c FROM t_comment c WHERE  c.aId = ?1")
    public List<Discuss> getDiscussPaged(Integer aid, Pageable pageable);
    //使用元素SQL语句,根据文章id分页查询Discuss评论集合
    @Query(value = "SELECT * FROM t_comment  WHERE  a_Id = ?1",nativeQuery = true)
    public List<Discuss> getDiscussPaged2(Integer aid,Pageable pageable);
    //根据评论id修改评论作者author
    @Transactional
    @Modifying
    @Query("UPDATE t_comment c SET c.author = ?1 WHERE  c.id = ?2")
    public int updateDiscuss(String author,Integer id);
    //根据评论id删除评论
    @Transactional
    @Modifying
    @Query("DELETE t_comment c WHERE  c.id = ?1")
    public int deleteDiscuss(Integer id);
}

④ 编写测试方法

在test\java\com.lg.ch03中创建JpaTests.java添加单元测试

import com.lg.ch03.domain.Discuss;
import com.lg.ch03.repository.DiscussRepository;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.domain.*;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;
import static org.springframework.data.domain.ExampleMatcher.GenericPropertyMatchers.startsWith;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class JpaTests {
    @Autowired
    private DiscussRepository repository;
    // 1、使用JpaRepository内部方法进行数据操作
    @Test
    public void selectComment() {
        Optional<Discuss> optional = repository.findById(1);
        if(optional.isPresent()){
            System.out.println(optional.get());
        }
        System.out.println();
    }
    // 2、使用方法名关键字进行数据操作
    @Test
    public void selectCommentByKeys() {
        List<Discuss> list = repository.findByAuthorNotNull();
        System.out.println(list);
    }
    // 3、使用@Query注解进行数据操作
    @Test
    public void selectCommentPaged() {
        Pageable pageable = PageRequest.of(0,3);
        List<Discuss> allPaged = repository.getDiscussPaged(1, pageable);
        System.out.println(allPaged);
    }
    //  4、使用Example封装参数进行数据查询操作
    @Test
    public void selectCommentByExample() {
        Discuss discuss =new Discuss();
        discuss.setAuthor("张三");
        Example<Discuss> example = Example.of(discuss);
        List<Discuss> list = repository.findAll(example);
        System.out.println(list);
    }
    @Test
    public void selectCommentByExampleMatcher() {
        Discuss discuss =new Discuss();
        discuss.setAuthor("张");
        ExampleMatcher matcher = ExampleMatcher.matching()
                .withMatcher("author",startsWith());
        Example<Discuss> example = Example.of(discuss, matcher);
        List<Discuss> list = repository.findAll(example);
        System.out.println(list);
    }
}

⑤ 整合测试

6.使用Spring Boot 整合 Redis

(1) 在pom文件中添加Spring Data Redis依赖启动器

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>

(2)编写实体类

在domain文件下编写实体类

① Family类

import org.springframework.data.redis.core.index.Indexed;

public class Family {
    @Indexed
    private String type;
    @Indexed
    private String username;

    public Family() {
    }

    public Family(String type, String username) {
        this.type = type;
        this.username = username;
    }


    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }

    public void setType(String type) {
        this.type = type;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Family{" +
                "type='" + type + '\'' +
                ", username='" + username + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

② Address类

import org.springframework.data.redis.core.index.Indexed;

public class Address {
    @Indexed
    private String city;
    @Indexed
    private String country;

    public Address() {
    }

    public Address(String city, String country) {
        this.city = city;
        this.country = country;
    }

    public String getCity() {
        return city;
    }

    public void setCity(String city) {
        this.city = city;
    }

    public String getCountry() {
        return country;
    }

    public void setCountry(String country) {
        this.country = country;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Address{" +
                "city='" + city + '\'' +
                ", country='" + country + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

③ Person类

import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisHash;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.index.Indexed;
import java.util.List;

@RedisHash("persons")
public class Person {
    @Id
    private String id;
    @Indexed
    private String firstname;
    @Indexed
    private String lastname;
    private Address address;
    private List<Family> familyList;

    public Person() {
    }

    public Person(String firstname, String lastname) {
    	this.firstname = firstname;
    	this.lastname = lastname;
	}


    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getFirstname() {
        return firstname;
    }

    public void setFirstname(String firstname) {
        this.firstname = firstname;
    }

    public String getLastname() {
        return lastname;
    }

    public void setLastname(String lastname) {
        this.lastname = lastname;
    }

    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    public List<Family> getFamilyList() {
        return familyList;
    }

    public void setFamilyList(List<Family> familyList) {
        this.familyList = familyList;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "id='" + id + '\'' +
                ", firstname='" + firstname + '\'' +
                ", lastname='" + lastname + '\'' +
                ", address=" + address +
                ", familyList=" + familyList +
                '}';
    }
}

(3)在repository文件夹下编写接口PersonRepository

import com.lg.ch03.domain.Person;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
import java.util.List;

public interface PersonRepository extends CrudRepository<Person, String> {
    List<Person> findByLastname(String lastname);
    Page<Person> findPersonByLastname(String lastname, Pageable page);
    List<Person> findByFirstnameAndLastname(String firstname, String lastname);
    List<Person> findByAddress_City(String city);
    List<Person> findByFamilyList_Username(String username);
}

(4)在application.properties全局配置文件中配置Redis数据库连接

spring.redis.host=127.0.0.1
spring.redis.port=6379
spring.redis.password=

(5)编写测试方法

在test\java\com.lg.ch03中创建RedisTests.java添加单元测试

import com.lg.ch03.domain.Address;
import com.lg.ch03.domain.Family;
import com.lg.ch03.domain.Person;
import com.lg.ch03.repository.PersonRepository;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class RedisTests {
    @Autowired
    private PersonRepository repository;
    @Test
    public void savePerson() {
        Person person =new Person("张","有才");
        Person person2 =new Person("James","Harden");
        // 创建并添加住址信息
        Address address=new Address("北京","China");
        person.setAddress(address);
        // 创建并添加家庭成员
        List<Family> list =new ArrayList<>();
        Family dad =new Family("父亲","张良");
        Family mom =new Family("母亲","李香君");
        list.add(dad);
        list.add(mom);
        person.setFamilyList(list);
        // 向Redis数据库添加数据
        Person save = repository.save(person);
        Person save2 = repository.save(person2);
        System.out.println(save);
        System.out.println(save2);
    }
    @Test
    public void selectPerson() {
        List<Person> list = repository.findByAddress_City("北京");
        System.out.println(list);
    }
    @Test
    public void updatePerson() {
        Person person = repository.findByFirstnameAndLastname("张","有才").get(0);//取结果的第一个元素
        person.setLastname("小明");
        Person update = repository.save(person);
        System.out.println(update);
    }
    @Test
    public void deletePerson() {
        Person person = repository.findByFirstnameAndLastname("张","小明").get(0);
        repository.delete(person);
    }
}

(6)整合测试

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