71. Simplify Path

Description:

Given an absolute path for a file (Unix-style), simplify it.

For example,
path = "/home/", => "/home"
path = "/a/./b/../../c/", => "/c"

Corner Cases:

• Did you consider the case where path = "/../"?
  In this case, you should return "/".
• Another corner case is the path might contain multiple slashes '/' together, such as "/home//foo/".
  In this case, you should ignore redundant slashes and return "/home/foo".

分析：此题是将Unix-style的路径简化，即将相对路径转化为绝对路径。这道题看着简单，过程十分艰辛。传统的一个个字符读取处理情况太过复杂，写出来的代码凌乱不堪。接下来说一下正确思路，建立一个string的数组res，以“/”为分隔符将path中路径分割存储。如果遇到"."，不存储；遇到“..”，若res为空，则不做处理，若不为空，则删除res的最后一个元素。（res的作用类似于栈）。

下面贴的是按照discuss上一个小哥思路的代码：（getline()的用法参照我的博文http://blog.csdn.net/anonymouscrawler/article/details/78900744）

class Solution {
public:
    string simplifyPath(string path) {
        string res, tmp;
        vector<string> spilt;
        stringstream ss(path);
        
        while(getline(ss, tmp, "/")
        {
            if(tmp == "." || tmp == "")   //为什么需要判断tmp==""，参考上面链接.
                continue;
            
            if(tmp == ".." && !spilt.empty())
                spilt.pop_back();
            else if(tmp != "..")
                spilt.push_back(tmp);
        }
        
        for(auto str : spilt)
            res = res + "/" + str;
        
        if(res.empty())
            return "/";
        else
            return res;
    }
};