三十一、Python--面向对象（二）

目录

1.类的继承

2.Python中的多态

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1.类的继承

        实现代码的重用

class Animal():
    species = "Animal"
    count = 0
    def __init__(self):
        self.name = "animal"
        Animal.count += 1
        print("初始化animal。。。")
    def breath(self):
        print("I can breath")
    def eat(self):
        print("I can eat")

class Person(Animal):
    species = "Person" # 重写父类的属性

class Dog(Animal):
    def __init__(self): #重写父类的__init__
        print("I am a dog")
    def eat(self): #重写父类的eat方法
        print("dog is eating...")
class Pig(Animal):
    count = 0
    def __init__(self): #重写了父类的__init__
        super().__init__() #子类访问父类的方法属性
        self.name = "pig"
        Pig.count += 1
        print("初始化pig")

animal = Animal()
print(animal.count)

print("实例化Person".center(30,"*"))
person = Person()
# 继承父类的属性和方法
# 对象属性的查找，先在对象的空间找，没有就去类空间，
# 类空间没有就去父类空间，层层递归网上查找
print(person.species, person.count)
person.eat()
print("实例化dog".center(30,"*"))
dog = Dog()
print(dog.count)
dog.eat()
print("实例化pig".center(30,"*"))
pig = Pig()
print(pig.count, pig.name)

#####类与实例的关系
print("类与实例的关系".center(30, "*"))
print(isinstance(dog, Dog))
print(isinstance(dog, Animal))
print(type(dog))

2.Python中的多态

class Zhifubao():
    def pay(self):
        print("this is zhifubao pay")

class Weixin():
    def pay(self):
        print("this is weixin pay")

class Wangyibao():
    def pay(self):
        print("this is wangyibao pay")

zhifubao = Zhifubao()
weixin = Weixin()
wangyibao = Wangyibao()

def pay(obj): #Python崇尚鸭子类型，不管obj属于哪个类，只要有pay
    obj.pay()

pay(zhifubao)

# Python动态语言，崇尚鸭子类型
# Python不支持语法上的多态，不需要额外实现多态代码
# 按照多态的严格语法，不属于多态（父类作为参数，传递子类的对象）

# Python里处处是多态，Python是一种动态类型语言，本身就实现了多态
# 不关心对象时什么类型，到底是不是鸭子，只关注行为