目录
环境
- Python:3.6.5 OpenCV 4.1.2
- C++:OpenCV 4.1.2
- JS:OpenCV 4.5.0
环境搭建可参考:B站视频
知识点
像素操作之逻辑操作
- bitwise_and
- bitwise_xor
- bitwise_or
上面三个类似,都是针对两张图像的位操作
- bitwise_not
针对输入图像, 图像取反操作,二值图像分析中经常用
补充说明:
图像像素值不是只有 0 和 1,当按位与操作时,结果取两者之间的较小值;按位或操作时,结果取两者间的较大值;异或操作时,结果取两者之间的差值,所以示例代码显示结果的重叠区域的差值为 0,所以是黑色~
有读者可能会疑惑,为什么按位与操作时,结果取两者之间的较小值?可以这样理解,把 0-255 转换成二进制后,再按位与操作,结果就是较小的那个值~
C++代码
#ifndef DAY07
#define DAY07
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
using namespace cv;
void day07() {
Mat src = imread("E:\\_Image\\OpenCVTest\\girl.jpg");
if (src.empty()) {
cout << "could not load image.." << endl;
return;
}
imshow("input", src);
// 取反操作
Mat dst;
bitwise_not(src, dst);
imshow("dst", dst);
// create image1
Mat src1 = Mat::zeros(Size(400, 400), CV_8UC3);
Rect rect(100, 100, 100, 100);
src1(rect) = Scalar(0, 0, 255);
imshow("input1", src1);
// create image2
Mat src2 = Mat::zeros(Size(400, 400), CV_8UC3);
rect.x = 150;
rect.y = 150;
src2(rect) = Scalar(0, 0, 255);
imshow("input2", src2);
// 逻辑操作
Mat dst1, dst2, dst3;
bitwise_and(src1, src2, dst1);
bitwise_xor(src1, src2, dst2);
bitwise_or(src1, src2, dst3);
// show results
imshow("dst1", dst1);
imshow("dst2", dst2);
imshow("dst3", dst3);
waitKey(0);
}
#endif // !DAY07
Python代码
import cv2 as cv
import numpy as np
# 查看版本
print(cv.__version__)
# 创建图像 1
src1 = np.zeros(shape=[400, 400, 3], dtype=np.uint8)
src1[100:200, 100:200, 1] = 255
src1[100:200, 100:200, 2] = 255
cv.imshow("input1", src1)
# 创建图像 2
src2 = np.zeros(shape=[400, 400, 3], dtype=np.uint8)
src2[150:250, 150:250, 2] = 255
cv.imshow("input2", src2)
# 进行逻辑运算
dst1 = cv.bitwise_and(src1, src2)
dst2 = cv.bitwise_xor(src1, src2)
dst3 = cv.bitwise_or(src1, src2)
# 显示结果
cv.imshow("dst1", dst1)
cv.imshow("dst2", dst2)
cv.imshow("dst3", dst3)
# 图像取反操作
src = cv.imread("E:/_Image/OpenCVTest/girl.jpg")
cv.imshow("input", src)
dst = cv.bitwise_not(src)
cv.imshow("dst", dst)
# 等待键盘输入 释放内存
cv.waitKey(0)
cv.destroyAllWindows()
JS代码
<template>
<div>
<p>图像像素逻辑操作</p>
<p id="status">OpenCV.js is loading...</p>
<div class="inputoutput">
<img id="imageSrc" src="imgs/girl.jpg" />
</div>
<div class="inputoutput">
<canvas id="canvasOutput"></canvas>
<div class="caption">canvasOutput</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: "day07",
mounted() {
this.init();
},
methods: {
init() {
setTimeout(() => {
if (window.cv) {
this.onOpenCvReady(window.cv);
} else {
this.init();
}
}, 500);
},
onOpenCvReady(cv) {
document.getElementById("status").innerHTML = "OpenCV.js is ready.";
let src = cv.imread("imageSrc");
let dst = new cv.Mat();
// 官方文档链接:https://docs.opencv.org/4.5.0/dd/d4d/tutorial_js_image_arithmetics.html
// 图像取反
// cv.cvtColor(src, src, cv.COLOR_RGBA2RGB);
// cv.bitwise_not(src, dst);
// 创建图像 1
let src1 = new cv.Mat(512, 512, cv.CV_8UC3);
for (let i = 100; i < 200; i++) {
for (let j = 100; j < 200; j++) {
src1.ucharPtr(i, j)[0] = 255;
src1.ucharPtr(i, j)[1] = 255;
}
}
// 创建图像 2
let src2 = new cv.Mat(512, 512, cv.CV_8UC3);
for (let i = 150; i < 250; i++) {
for (let j = 150; j < 250; j++) {
src2.ucharPtr(i, j)[0] = 255;
}
}
// 像素逻辑操作
// cv.bitwise_and(src1, src2, dst)
// cv.bitwise_or(src1, src2, dst)
cv.bitwise_xor(src1, src2, dst);
cv.imshow("canvasOutput", dst);
src.delete();
src1.delete();
src2.delete();
dst.delete();
},
},
};
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
</style>
官方文档链接:https://docs.opencv.org/4.5.0/dd/d4d/tutorial_js_image_arithmetics.html
结果展示
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