Spring
整合 Hibernate 准备
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1.Spring 整合 Hibernate 整合什么 ?
- 1). 有 IOC 容器来管理 Hibernate 的 SessionFactory
- 2). 让 Hibernate 使用上 Spring 的声明式事务
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2.整合步骤:
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1). 加入 hibernate
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①. jar 包
antlr-2.7.7.jar
dom4j-1.6.1.jar
hibernate-commons-annotations-4.0.2.Final.jar
hibernate-core-4.2.4.Final.jar
hibernate-jpa-2.0-api-1.0.1.Final.jar
javassist-3.15.0-GA.jar
jboss-logging-3.1.0.GA.jar
jboss-transaction-api_1.1_spec-1.0.1.Final.jar -
②. 添加 hibernate 的配置文件: hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-configuration> <session-factory> <!-- 配置 hibernate 的基本属性 --> <!-- 1. 数据源需配置到 IOC 容器中, 所以在此处不再需要配置数据源 --> <!-- 2. 关联的 .hbm.xml 也在 IOC 容器配置 SessionFactory 实例时在进行配置 --> <!-- 3. 配置 hibernate 的基本属性: 方言, SQL 显示及格式化, 生成数据表的策略以及二级缓存等. --> <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</property> <property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property> <property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property> <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property> <!-- 配置 hibernate 二级缓存相关的属性. --> </session-factory> </hibernate-configuration>
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③. 编写了持久化类对应的 .hbm.xml 文件。
在com.atguigu.spring.hibernate.entities下新建Account.java和Book.java
Account.java里有Integer id,String username, int balance三个私有属性并有get,set方法
Book.java里有Integer id,String bookname,String isbn,int price,int stock五个私有属性和相应的get,set方法
接下来用插件添加.hbm.xml文件
Account.hbm.xml
<hibernate-mapping> <class name="com.atguigu.spring.hibernate.entities.Account" table="ACCOUNT"> <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer"> <column name="ID" /> <generator class="native" /> </id> <property name="username" type="java.lang.String"> <column name="USERNAME" /> </property> <property name="balance" type="int"> <column name="BALANCE" /> </property> </class> </hibernate-mapping>
Book.hbm.xml
<hibernate-mapping> <class name="com.atguigu.spring.hibernate.entities.Book" table="BOOK"> <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer"> <column name="ID" /> <generator class="native" /> </id> <property name="bookName" type="java.lang.String"> <column name="BOOKNAME" /> </property> <property name="isbn" type="java.lang.String"> <column name="ISBN" /> </property> <property name="price" type="int"> <column name="PRICE" /> </property> <property name="stock" type="int"> <column name="STOCK" /> </property> </class> </hibernate-mapping>
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2). 加入 Spring
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①. jar 包
com.springsource.net.sf.cglib-2.2.0.jar
com.springsource.org.aopalliance-1.0.0.jar
com.springsource.org.aspectj.weaver-1.6.8.RELEASE.jar
commons-logging-1.1.3.jar
spring-aop-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-aspects-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-beans-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-context-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-core-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-expression-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-jdbc-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-orm-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-tx-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-web-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar
spring-webmvc-4.0.0.RELEASE.jar -
②. 加入 Spring 的配置文件
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在src下创建spring Bean Configuration File类型的applicationContext.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"> <!-- 配置自动扫描的包 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.atguigu.spring.hibernate"></context:component-scan> <!-- 配置数据源 --> <!-- 导入资源文件 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property> <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property> <property name="initialPoolSize" value="${jdbc.initPoolSize}"></property> <property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maxPoolSize}"></property> </bean> <!-- 配置 Hibernate 的 SessionFactory 实例: 通过 Spring 提供的 LocalSessionFactoryBean 进行配置 --> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <!-- 配置数据源属性 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> <!-- 配置 hibernate 配置文件的位置及名称 --> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property> <!-- 配置 hibernate 映射文件的位置及名称, 可以使用通配符 --> <property name="mappingLocations" value="classpath:com/atguigu/spring/hibernate/entities/*.hbm.xml"></property> </bean> <!-- 配置 Spring 的声明式事务 --> <!-- 1. 配置事务管理器 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property> </bean> <!-- 2. 配置事务属性, 需要事务管理器 --> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager"> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/> <tx:method name="purchase" propagation="REQUIRES_NEW"/> <tx:method name="*"/> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <!-- 3. 配置事务切点, 并把切点和事务属性关联起来 --> <aop:config> <aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.atguigu.spring.hibernate.service.*.*(..))" id="txPointcut"/> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointcut"/> </aop:config> </beans>
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在src下创建db.properties
jdbc.user=tianjinfeng jdbc.password=1234 jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8 jdbc.initPoolSize=5 jdbc.maxPoolSize=10 #...
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整合 Hibernate 代码测试
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1.新建一个com.atguigu.spring.hibernate.dao包 包下有BookShopDao接口
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public interface BookShopDao { //根据书号获取书的单价 public int findBookPriceByIsbn(String isbn); //更新数的库存. 使书号对应的库存 - 1 public void updateBookStock(String isbn); //更新用户的账户余额: 使 username 的 balance - price public void updateUserAccount(String username, int price); }
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2.新建一个com.atguigu.spring.hibernate.dao.Impl包,包下有BookShopDaoImpl.java实现类
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import org.hibernate.Query; import org.hibernate.Session; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; import com.atguigu.spring.hibernate.dao.BookShopDao; import com.atguigu.spring.hibernate.exceptions.BookStockException; import com.atguigu.spring.hibernate.exceptions.UserAccountException; @Repository public class BookShopDaoImpl implements BookShopDao { @Autowired private SessionFactory sessionFactory; //不推荐使用 HibernateTemplate 和 HibernateDaoSupport //因为这样会导致 Dao 和 Spring 的 API 进行耦合 //可以移植性变差 // private HibernateTemplate hibernateTemplate; //获取和当前线程绑定的 Session. private Session getSession(){ return sessionFactory.getCurrentSession(); } @Override public int findBookPriceByIsbn(String isbn) { String hql = "SELECT b.price FROM Book b WHERE b.isbn = ?"; Query query = getSession().createQuery(hql).setString(0, isbn); return (Integer)query.uniqueResult(); } @Override public void updateBookStock(String isbn) { //验证书的库存是否充足. String hql2 = "SELECT b.stock FROM Book b WHERE b.isbn = ?"; int stock = (int) getSession().createQuery(hql2).setString(0, isbn).uniqueResult(); if(stock == 0){ throw new BookStockException("库存不足!"); } String hql = "UPDATE Book b SET b.stock = b.stock - 1 WHERE b.isbn = ?"; getSession().createQuery(hql).setString(0, isbn).executeUpdate(); } @Override public void updateUserAccount(String username, int price) { //验证余额是否足够 String hql2 = "SELECT a.balance FROM Account a WHERE a.username = ?"; int balance = (int) getSession().createQuery(hql2).setString(0, username).uniqueResult(); if(balance < price){ throw new UserAccountException("余额不足!"); } String hql = "UPDATE Account a SET a.balance = a.balance - ? WHERE a.username = ?"; getSession().createQuery(hql).setInteger(0, price).setString(1, username).executeUpdate(); } }
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3.新建一个com.atguigu.spring.hibernate.exceptions包,包下定义两个自定义异常
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BookStockException.java
public class BookStockException extends RuntimeException{ /** * */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; public BookStockException() { super(); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } public BookStockException(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) { super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } public BookStockException(String message, Throwable cause) { super(message, cause); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } public BookStockException(String message) { super(message); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } public BookStockException(Throwable cause) { super(cause); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } }
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UserAccountException.java
public class UserAccountException extends RuntimeException{ /** * */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; public UserAccountException() { super(); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } public UserAccountException(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) { super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } public UserAccountException(String message, Throwable cause) { super(message, cause); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } public UserAccountException(String message) { super(message); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } public UserAccountException(Throwable cause) { super(cause); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } }
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4.新建一个com.atguigu.spring.hibernate.service包,包下放有两个接口
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BookShopService.java
public interface BookShopService { public void purchase(String username, String isbn); }
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Cashier.java
import java.util.List; public interface Cashier { public void checkout(String username, List<String> isbns); }
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5.新建一个com.atguigu.spring.hibernate.service.Impl包,包下有对应接口的实现类
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BookShopServiceImpl.java
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import com.atguigu.spring.hibernate.dao.BookShopDao; import com.atguigu.spring.hibernate.service.BookShopService; @Service public class BookShopServiceImpl implements BookShopService { @Autowired private BookShopDao bookShopDao; /** * Spring hibernate 事务的流程 * 1. 在方法开始之前 * ①. 获取 Session * ②. 把 Session 和当前线程绑定, 这样就可以在 Dao 中使用 SessionFactory 的 * getCurrentSession() 方法来获取 Session 了 * ③. 开启事务 * * 2. 若方法正常结束, 即没有出现异常, 则 * ①. 提交事务 * ②. 使和当前线程绑定的 Session 解除绑定 * ③. 关闭 Session * * 3. 若方法出现异常, 则: * ①. 回滚事务 * ②. 使和当前线程绑定的 Session 解除绑定 * ③. 关闭 Session */ @Override public void purchase(String username, String isbn) { int price = bookShopDao.findBookPriceByIsbn(isbn); bookShopDao.updateBookStock(isbn); bookShopDao.updateUserAccount(username, price); } }
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CashierImpl.java
import java.util.List; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import com.atguigu.spring.hibernate.service.BookShopService; import com.atguigu.spring.hibernate.service.Cashier; @Service public class CashierImpl implements Cashier{ @Autowired private BookShopService bookShopService; @Override public void checkout(String username, List<String> isbns) { for(String isbn:isbns){ bookShopService.purchase(username, isbn); } } }
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6.最后在com.atguigu.spring.hibernate.test包下新建一个SpringHibernateTest.java专门用来写测试方法
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import java.sql.SQLException; import java.util.Arrays; import javax.sql.DataSource; import org.junit.Test; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import com.atguigu.spring.hibernate.service.BookShopService; import com.atguigu.spring.hibernate.service.Cashier; public class SpringHibernateTest { private ApplicationContext ctx = null; private BookShopService bookShopService = null; private Cashier cashier = null; { ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml"); bookShopService = ctx.getBean(BookShopService.class); cashier = ctx.getBean(Cashier.class); } @Test public void testCashier(){ cashier.checkout("aa", Arrays.asList("1001","1002")); } @Test public void testBookShopService(){ bookShopService.purchase("aa", "1001"); } @Test public void testDataSource() throws SQLException { DataSource dataSource = ctx.getBean(DataSource.class); System.out.println(dataSource.getConnection()); } }
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整合 Hibernate 不适用 Hibernate 配置文件
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在applicationContext.xml修改,修改
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property>
<!-- 配置 Hibernate 的 SessionFactory 实例: 通过 Spring 提供的 LocalSessionFactoryBean 进行配置 --> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <!-- 配置数据源属性 --> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property> <!-- 配置 hibernate 配置文件的位置及名称 --> <!-- <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property> --> <!-- 使用 hibernateProperties 属相来配置 Hibernate 原生的属性 --> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop> </props> </property> <!-- 配置 hibernate 映射文件的位置及名称, 可以使用通配符 --> <property name="mappingLocations" value="classpath:com/atguigu/spring/hibernate/entities/*.hbm.xml"></property> </bean>