学习博客：线程的三种创建方式

1.继承Thread类

步骤：继承Thread类，重写run方法，调用start方法开启线程

//继承Thread类，重写run方法，调用start开启线程
//线程开启不一定立即执行，由CPU调度执行
public class TestThread01 extends Thread{

    @Override
    public void run() {
        //run方法线程体
        for (int i = 0; i < 999; i++) {
            System.out.println("hi~" + i);
            try {
                this.sleep(1);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        //main线程 主线程

        //创建一个线程对象
        TestThread01 testThread01 = new TestThread01();

        //调用start方法开启线程
        testThread01.start();

        for (int i = 0; i < 999; i++) {
            System.out.println("hello~" + i);
        }
    }

}

多线程下载音乐

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;

//实现多线程同步下载
public class TestThread02 extends Thread{

    private String url;     //目标地址
    private String name;    //文件名

    public TestThread02(String url, String name){
        this.url = url;
        this.name = name;
    }

    //执行体
    @Override
    public void run() {
        WebDownloader webDownloader = new WebDownloader();
        webDownloader.downloader(url, name);
        System.out.println("下载：" + name);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        TestThread02 t1 = new TestThread02(
                "https://m701.music.126.net/20220322211726/8eab9f7f69a76dc0106ab9b2dedc52a7/jdyyaac/obj/" +
                        "w5rDlsOJwrLDjj7CmsOj/11415974907/c9c2/8814/9787/d127ef89a95ba62b4bb7119aff9a646b.m4a", "1.m4a");

        TestThread02 t2 = new TestThread02(
                "https://m701.music.126.net/20220322211834/7bf7b044a9ba92db14c5afbccfedb971/jdyyaac/obj/" +
                        "w5rDlsOJwrLDjj7CmsOj/8834736110/2d25/de16/0c7f/7c40d2e0bb43d77b669a9bcde5bac3ab.m4a", "2.m4a");

        TestThread02 t3 = new TestThread02(
                "https://m701.music.126.net/20220322211904/f7735c2e49574d54d61eac54781a8b9c/jdyyaac/520e/" +
                        "065b/525c/ede61c33b0119969d265e69ae681c8db.m4a", "3.m4a");

        t1.start();
        t2.start();
        t3.start();

    }
}

//下载器
class WebDownloader{
    //下载方法
    public void downloader(String url, String name ){
        try {
            FileUtils.copyURLToFile(new URL(url), new File(name));  //需导入包commons-io
            //地址：https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-io/download_io.cgi
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println("下载方法出现问题");
        }
    }
}

小结

1.子类继承Thread类具备多线程能力
2.启动线程：子类对象.start()
3.不建议使用：避免OOP单继承局限性

2.实现Runnable接口

步骤：实现Runnable接口，重写run方法，调用start方法

//实现Runable接口，重写run方法，执行线程需要丢入runnable接口实现类，调用start方法
public class TestThread03 implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        //run方法线程体
        for (int i = 0; i < 999; i++) {
            System.out.println("hi~" + i);
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args){
        //创建runnable接口实现类对象
        TestThread03 testThread03 = new TestThread03();

        //创建线程对象，通过线程对象开启线程
        new Thread(testThread03).start();
        
        for (int i = 0; i < 999; i++) {
            System.out.println("hello~" + i);
        }
    }
}

模拟龟兔赛跑

//模拟龟兔赛跑
public class Race implements Runnable {

    //胜利者
    private static String winner;

    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 101; i++) {

            //模拟兔子休息
            if(Thread.currentThread().getName().equals("兔") && i%10 == 0){
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(10);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }

            //判断比赛是否结束
            boolean flag = gameOver(i);

            //比赛结束则停止
            if(flag){
                break;
            }
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "-->跑了" + i + "步");
        }
    }

    private boolean gameOver(int steps) {
        //判断是否有胜利者
        if (winner != null) {
            return true;
        }
        {
            if (steps == 100) {     //胜利者条件
                winner = Thread.currentThread().getName();
                System.out.println("winner is:" + winner);
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Race race = new Race();

        new Thread(race,"兔").start();
        new Thread(race,"龟").start();
    }
}

小结

1.实现接口Runnable具有多线程能力
2.启动线程：传入目标对象+Thread对象.start()
3.推荐使用：避免单继承局限性，方便同一个对象被多个线程使用

3.实现Callable接口

步骤：实现Callable接口，重写call方法，抛出异常

同时下载图片

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.concurrent.*;

//实现Callable接口,重写call方法，抛出异常
//可以定义返回值 可以抛出异常
public class TestThread05 implements Callable<Boolean> {

    private String url;     //目标地址
    private String name;    //文件名

    public TestThread05(String url, String name) {
        this.url = url;
        this.name = name;
    }

    //执行体
    @Override
    public Boolean call() throws Exception {
        WebDownloader webDownloader1 = new WebDownloader();
        webDownloader1.downloader(url, name);
        System.out.println("下载：" + name);
        return true;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException {
        TestThread05 t1 = new TestThread05(
                "https://www.baidu.com/img/PCtm_d9c8750bed0b3c7d089fa7d55720d6cf.png", "1.png");

        TestThread05 t2 = new TestThread05(
                "https://www.baidu.com/img/flexible/logo/pc/result.png", "2.png");

        TestThread05 t3 = new TestThread05(
                "https://www.baidu.com/img/PCtm_d9c8750bed0b3c7d089fa7d55720d6cf.png", "3.png");

        //创建执行服务
        ExecutorService ser = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);

        //提交执行
        Future<Boolean> result1 = ser.submit(t1);
        Future<Boolean> result2 = ser.submit(t2);
        Future<Boolean> result3 = ser.submit(t3);

        //获取结果
        boolean rs1 = result1.get();
        boolean rs2 = result2.get();
        boolean rs3 = result3.get();

        //关闭服务
        ser.shutdown();
    }
}

//下载器
class WebDownloader1{
    //下载方法
    public void downloader(String url, String name ){
        try {
            FileUtils.copyURLToFile(new URL(url), new File(name));  //需导入包commons-io
            //地址：https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-io/download_io.cgi
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println("下载方法出现问题");
        }
    }
}