Tensorflow 0.8.0 安装配置方法

本系列文章由  @yhl_leo  出品，转载请注明出处。 
文章链接：  http://blog.csdn.net/yhl_leo/article/details/51280087 

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折腾了一下，给工作站配置了Tensorflow环境（虽然已经转战到caffe，但是由于之前体验了tensorflow，觉得有些地方还是很对我的口，两者的编译环境我都选择了Python，如能珠联璧合甚好），以前使用基于Docker的安装配置，略微繁琐，而且没有记录下当时的安装步骤，使用基于pip安装后，觉得真心好简单啊，便记录于此文！Tensorflow 0.8.0 安装配置方法

版本：

• tensorflow：0.8.0 （GitHub: tensorflow）
• Ubuntu：14.04/15.10（亲测都可以）

1 Pip

如果已经安装过pip，可以跳过这里的安装步骤。$ sudo apt-get install python-pip python-dev python-setuptools build-essential

$ sudo pip install--upgrade pip

$ sudo pip install--upgrade virtualenv

为了检测是否安装好，可以查看pip的版本$ pip --versionpip

8.1.1from /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (python 2.7)

接下来，就可以按照Tensorflow Download and Setup中的Pip Installation开始安装，命令如下# Ubuntu/Linux 64-bit, CPU only:

$ sudo pip install --upgrade https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/linux/cpu/tensorflow-0.8.0-cp27-none-linux_x86_64.whl

# Ubuntu/Linux 64-bit, GPU enabled. Requires CUDA toolkit 7.5 and CuDNN v4. For# other versions, see "Install from sources" below.

$ sudo pip install --upgrade https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/linux/gpu/tensorflow-0.8.0-cp27-none-linux_x86_64.whl

</pre><pre code_snippet_id="1913548" snippet_file_name="blog_20161005_3_9309577" class="prettyprint" name="code" style="white-space: nowrap; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; overflow-y: hidden; overflow-x: auto; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.1em; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace; padding: 5px 5px 5px 60px; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.45; word-break: break-all; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); border: 1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.0745098); border-radius: 0px; background-color: rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.0470588);">

本人安装的GPU版，因为在安装tensorflow之前，已经安装过caffe，CUDA的编译环境已经配置好了，网上关于CUDA安装教程很多，这里提供安装caffe时的一篇帖子： Ubuntu14.04 安装CUDA7.5 + Caffe + cuDNN。

3 Errors

安装完成后，就可以测试，是否安装成功$ python>>>import tensorflow as tf>>>

</pre><p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:1.1em; padding-top:0px; padding-bottom:0px; color:rgb(85,85,85); font-family:'microsoft yahei'; font-size:14px; line-height:35px">如果输入命令后，结果跟上述的差不多，（GPU版的会有一些log信息），没有出现Error，那就说明安装好了，就可以测试使用啦。</p><p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:1.1em; padding-top:0px; padding-bottom:0px; color:rgb(85,85,85); font-family:'microsoft yahei'; font-size:14px; line-height:35px">在<a target=_blank target="_blank" href="https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow/blob/master/tensorflow/tools/pip_package/setup.py" style="text-decoration:none; color:rgb(12,137,207)">tensorflow/tools/pip_package/setup.py</a>中，关于几个包（<code style="font-family:'Source Code Pro',monospace; padding:2px 4px; font-size:12.6px; color:rgb(63,63,63); white-space:nowrap">numpy</code> , <code style="font-family:'Source Code Pro',monospace; padding:2px 4px; font-size:12.6px; color:rgb(63,63,63); white-space:nowrap">six</code>, <code style="font-family:'Source Code Pro',monospace; padding:2px 4px; font-size:12.6px; color:rgb(63,63,63); white-space:nowrap">protobuf</code>）的版本等都有规定，如果不满足，则编译代码就会报错：</p><pre code_snippet_id="1913548" snippet_file_name="blog_20161005_5_2406477" class="prettyprint" name="code" style="white-space: nowrap; word-wrap: break-word; box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; overflow-y: hidden; overflow-x: auto; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.1em; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace; padding: 5px 5px 5px 60px; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.45; word-break: break-all; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); border: 1px solid rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.0745098); border-radius: 0px; background-color: rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.0470588);">

出问题比较多的是protobuf和six两个包，例如：

• protobuf

<code class="language-sh hljs python has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">from</span> google.protobuf <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> symbol_database <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">as</span> _symbol_database
ImportError: cannot <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> name symbol_database</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>

protobuf如果已经安装了其他版本（例如python-protobuf或低版本），先要卸载掉：

<code class="language-sh hljs bash has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">$ <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">sudo</span> apt-get remove python-protobuf
$ <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">sudo</span> pip uninstall protobuf</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>

然后安装：

<code class="language-sh hljs bash has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">$ <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">sudo</span> pip install --upgrade protobuf</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

• six

<code class="hljs vhdl has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">AttributeError: <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">type</span> object <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'NewBase</span>' has no <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">attribute</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">'is_abstract</span>' </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

出现这个问题，应该是six包安装有问题，可以卸载原有版本，重新安装：

<code class="language-sh hljs livecodeserver has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">$ sudo pip uninstall <span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">six</span>
$ sudo pip install <span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">six</span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">--upgrade</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>

一般来说six包的安装位置是/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages，但是我在笔记本上默认安装在/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages也没问题，建议先试前者（工作站上也是前者）：

<code class="language-sh hljs bash has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">$ <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">sudo</span> pip install six --upgrade --target=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages"</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

关于GPU版，CUDA安装及编译问题，不在此作答~

4 Uninstall

如果想卸载掉安装的tensorflow，非常简单：

ubuntu15.10 源码安装 tensorflow

安装上最新的ubuntu系统。按照官网的流程安装的，没有选择GPU支持。

1.       下载源码。需要git，如果没有安装git需要先安装。

git clone --recurse-submodules https://github.com/tensorflow/tensorflow

1.       安装Bazel 
先安装依赖

 sudo apt-get install openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-source

 sudo apt-get install pkg-config zip g++ zlib1g-dev unzip

下载安装文件： 
https://github.com/bazelbuild/bazel/releases/download/0.1.1/bazel-0.1.1-installer-linux-x86_64.sh

chmod +x install-version-os.sh

./install-version-os.sh --user

安装程序会将bazel安装到$HOME/bin目录下，需要把这个目录加入PATH

$ export PATH="$PATH:$HOME/bin"

安装其他依赖

 apt-get install python-numpy swig python-dev

1.       使用pip编译并安装

 bazel build -c opt tensorflow/tools/pip_package:build_pip_package

这行命令要一个相对目录，且：后面的需要跟该目录下的BUILD文件中的sh_binary的name字段保持一致

mkdir /tmp/tensorflow_pkg

bazel-bin/tensorflow/tools/pip_package/build_pip_package /tmp/tensorflow_pkg

pip install/tmp/tensorflow_pkg/tensorflow-0.5.0-py2-none-any.whl