HTTP and Flask Basics - Intro to Flask

直接上代码

# Import your dependencies
from flask import Flask, jsonify

# test_config=None, 因为这个程序没有在test environment
def create_app(test_config=None):
    # Create and configure the app
    # "name" basically just tells the application which directory it's host in
    # if there's any additional configuration or relative paths it's looking for, it knows where to go.
    # __name__ is the name of the current Python module
    app = Flask(__name__)

    # Define the first endpoint
    # Using the app route decorator
    # '/' 代表是本路径
    @app.route('/')
    def hello():
        return jsonify({
            'message': "Hello World"
        })
    
    # 如果是dict格式，必须得用jsonify to send an object containing the message
    @app.route('/smile')
    def smile():
        # return jsonify({
        #     'message': "Smile"
        # })
        return 'Smile' # return text

    # Return the app instance
    return app 

运行这个程序

# 如果要判断folder name, 可以以哪个文件夹里有 __init__.py 文件
$ export FLASK_APP=<folder name>
$ export FLASK_ENV=development
# Make sure to run this command from the project directory
$ flask run

之后就看到

Running on http://127.0.0.1:5000/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)

---

Configured Application
Build larger applications that utilize multiple environments and configurations (production, development, testing, etc), this knowledge will be helpful for streamlining the development process.

1. Import additional dependencies. You’ll need to import os in order to access the operating system and file structure import os.
2. Set up your default configuration. When working in development your SECRET_KEY can be hardcoded as shown but for production should come from a secret environment variable. DATABASE is the path for the database file.

import os
from flask import Flask
def create_app(test_config=None):
# create and configure the app
  app = Flask(__name__, instance_relative_config=True)
  app.config.from_mapping(
  	SECRET_KEY='dev', 
  	DATABASE=os.path.join(app.instance_path, 'flaskr.sqlite'),
  )

3. If a config.py file is included in the instance folder, use its values to override the default configuration, for instance the SECRET_KEY. You can also enable a testing configuration if it was passed into the create_app function.

if test_config is None:
 # load the instance config, if it exists, when not testing
 app.config.from_pyfile('config.py', silent=True)
else:
 # load the test config if passed in
 app.config.from_mapping(test_config)

4. Make the instance path directory. The app will create the database file within that directory so it needs to exist.

try:
 os.makedirs(app.instance_path)
except OSError:
 pass

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Flask Documentation
Flask Quickstart docs