LeetCode 字符串简单部分 算法 python实现

'''
#2018-06-02  June Saturday the 22 week, the 153 day SZ
LeetCode 字符串简单部分  算法  python实现 
https://leetcode-cn.com/explore/interview/card/top-interview-questions-easy/5/strings/
写代码一定要先想好各种测试用例，才能够顺利通过系统的检测。
'''
'''
1 反转字符串
请编写一个函数，其功能是将输入的字符串反转过来。

示例：
输入：s = "hello"
返回："olleh"
'''
'''

思路1：没有通过系统检测
用for循环从后往前取值，利用字符串里的【】功能，
我犯错在于碰到空字符情况输出问题
问题2 字符串很长，带有回车，官网告诉我超时，无能为力了
'''
class Solution(object):
	def reverseString(self,s):
		len_str = len(s)
		if len_str == 0:return ''
		str = ''
		for i in range(len_str - 1, -1,-1):
			str += s[i]
		return str 
my_solution = Solution()
s = '''
hello 
my 
girl
'''
a = my_solution.reverseString(s)
print(a)
#思路二 通过
class Solution(object):
    def reverseString(self, s):
        """
        :type s: str
        :rtype: str
        """
        s_list=list(s)#转为列表
        s_list[:]=s_list[::-1] 
        s=''.join(s_list) #s_list是列表，把列表中的元素放入s中，中间没有空格挨着
        return s

#思路三
class Solution(object):
    def reverseString(self, s):
    	return s[::-1]   

'''
2 颠倒整数
给定一个 32 位有符号整数，将整数中的数字进行反转。

示例 1:
输入: 123
输出: 321


 示例 2:
输入: -123
输出: -321


示例 3:
输入: 120
输出: 21


注意:

假设我们的环境只能存储 32 位有符号整数，其数值范围是 [−231,  231 − 1]。根据这个假设，如果反转后的整数溢出，则返回 0。

'''

'''
方法1
思路：
把数字转化为字符串，然后反转，再把字符串转化为数字。输出时候注意输出值在32位的范围内
对于32位的限制，去掉一个符号位，还剩31位。所以范围是正负2的31次方之间，可以像例2一样表示0x7fff fff.
我的代码看起来比大多数代码都要简洁，心里开心，从最开始的第一道题，完全没有头绪，到现在很快做出一道题，而且比很多网友代码都要好。
'''
class Solution(object):
    def reverse(self, x):
        """
        :type x: int
        :rtype: int
        """
        if x >= 0:

            str_x = str(x)
            s = str_x[::-1]
            return int(s) if int(s) < 2**31-1 and int(s) >-2**31 else 0 #三目运算符
        else:
            str_x = str(-x)
            s = str_x[::-1]
            return -int(s) if -int(s) < 2**31-1 and -int(s) >-2**31-1 else 0

my_solution = Solution()
s = 0
a = my_solution.reverse(s)
print(a)

'''
方法2 
网友使用了取绝对值和采用符号位的方法。很巧妙呢
'''
class Solution:
    # @return an integer
    def reverse(self, x):
        if x<0:
            sign = -1
        else:
            sign = 1
        strx=str(abs(x))
        r = strx[::-1]
        return sign*int(r)




#2018-06-03  June Sunday the 22 week, the 154 day SZ

'''
3 字符串中的第一个唯一字符
给定一个字符串，找到它的第一个不重复的字符，并返回它的索引。如果不存在，则返回 -1。

案例:
s = "leetcode"
返回 0.

s = "loveleetcode"
返回 2.
'''
'''
方法1：超时
#没有通过，超出时间限制：最后执行的输入： "fmjiooebgjatqjttfftvobormhubvgxpiobekkxujgvaktcewbvkdnqwqmeeaogpcgaliilvimtsqtlfnhtvvipwsesosgluwtpearpvrrlpjgppqgegejsruiwbnppnlonpsetvfverxhmtihrfcbspupgmhrqniosmosamujoxqdepvjrcnhgqmkuhrlbrwmwtldfjnnkjnvpfonuvpewusqxstgxcfikmcwcgkipootlemscowhstxcaefreafjfxtuqcbdvasncmijmvdjlwcqopxnxdwqafwugelnuwledeajbkvjilvbjkarimpesekhmoixfapihomeswgirtovrgjgarjglnjmshirxphafbghvxuwpxggpbkewemvtrrmjxscdjlfvnfuepqkjffkkmdcstaktwlwawxcpxdgxsidxmcnhhlrtpmqfafucwxdieasfjgueridmakgcehmqtehwbkvahedxscsniwpdannvbpobtskdgmpfijknlunawajfcrgvigbkrlmuonuubmaluqfsjvsajjixbqjqrvwbhebumwsjvmqovawxjqbrumpdttswmqmutdvqvvtujmkbdauckvdcfknhsrwxxaucfqhabuinedmrocivwmhtwlkvfuqjmnouvkquijisidwqoekheegfvxxvdcngjxrjtlxfcgufmcjvtxrjuhipeoenouagigobxjfcpblvirfjvtfbhdmrjpqpvsxhijumbfjehswteajcmqhcdbstolecqlktajmtrhmjddnoawocbohrjqlgckhhhrkbcwgvpxolrlhwuvebsumijspknesmsspcvibsemoccjndalknqlxguvwvhbeujhavjpflwpuexgwwmbaqmlqdilwbaixemaokwsdppqjtgkdgixhkmmoixssvatqguvqjuctwfpvpjulmuuprkobuhkasxabjxvhltaejkuxoxopojcxxnasxcnqwnqsngktxdbhpuxacxgpgfxieeubcgkulklslskdwvimqvpatdvkukejojafuvqbrpqkcbwpohesnmvgpsdqoordplnhnoacwsabsvwjbcujvrrcimqcolvnwckgfbkuuvuqmfjohxrkamlnfrmaexcqeordnwwclgsxpibbgetfwntxpbocgeguaxavmnlkbpkvdamhqlsriuqhempogbsicviftokeiowlreddnlfxvblgpcxhtgovkijdbbtjavfihmwtldogomedftgdwlkkbjlwgogjplgfqimhevlhcntxqaukoqoqoowxkntlxxkbrihahqvsrmikphqvdfrgjarngpkaptrfmufovumglkcdcjeefsmndqnrjccpqwcaiuhifbptjftksxownppntulkdqujrapdfqfxhhqssxbjophmsusfrgarnxawkjwgeqhsdgvlggvvodgwfcvvgexwgrofdsiquvuscopwoewjlkndexhgripagmggvbfswngxlpgrjxwcmtcdbmrqsrhhgchkhxntaklapsshhrdljaghmstcspinnctbkuhuukevmfcwqjgcsqjhtxnnqrsxttisubvusprxurqwnpxxatdkifxbmrnirhxghmnuixbwppcigtwusjmrddqvowawffxntxqeauojlfrebmdwrkttsqsjpiebknsvgqwdrvgbkvebqnnpeorbpwlogqssfhorkbgkukkomvnaktvhtfwkbmeumuqridupxasqacshphkippegghkprknspngnckmatxiwfhnevkvkqjhtwvvqganrsdogtswdavjtuifwfwuwmjjgknwuaowbkpwoemsbvcvalvqfqlpteqjqsqpuhewrbxacurhbtwmuexpanjajomgbhhwpmswbonkndhwubjvixmcamivcegbaqjmwoigsrhffchxrhdcmdfjmnaitohcgfvaaohnmthqkakkrfmrhaslnbbhxkwrkxvuoknvollvfnxpeemtkgmctplllsknnfxwhetmjbnkosnvjtlpeojmniwtswvxopfpmeklmfeqmgovbscpwxdktstjcuwioowhvibkqaqxirbptkhbpbiegaqllgngvbkgjsxqmrrhbuglqcmoincrgppswdjjsqrejcohbrxpqofrhspwbsqlkrgotemlfllqewnnppkrvxgbrlsbrijatuphrifkqtiltillftkdhpjkwedxihhrrdanjhfiihivgxkbenxwgxgffnexiibgltthtjslaamoemjxtwbslgfkgxulwchwjwhwnpvugmswvwiflnbwwfojtbtbnwrteumskqgskvducfhklkvmgksjjlqbtlpluljtimvxvdabdbohewgkuxxedovvarbpifibqutbhepwhtnmvqfbhugqhijuvqhhbrqtjxojpkcapsvjarqbqpqgneefkjsdoqskdnqxgnxkkwewcprbpclggpxbolqsaamwqphdttqlbidsnuhltnbpclaacpsoxdxhgmfmxgukmxdgrxrnngblqxacvljvcrlvvejebvsacmkcnjbamhkibdhgajtijbqaoalrsjufdvswkbwejxgxeioosjkpnlhpipkecjrjjmrcipqbdxmqkflqurfjghwlnrqnqnjdrqjnwtpwtgedssivnltqtwpecgudvgenwsrjuodfiuohnqdfpoocvhicrxoqakcvfjqedxuulbkgcgghhlnqesdekdockldurnapthceeoigtuanhrqshxpmvlnkkrqkqhiktnovccaindinxqphgxmqborqbdphswaemrowwgttcsqapicjscjrwedegjrcrcqpgdljpqprkrxwvcjglwihfvlvstpmktqrxuweolnamqfxevupqfarwccunchfxcrtkdfasmwsrakcscducgbrakgrwndnawjfnakvenifrigaiqgnicdfenbegujmnxjormlclvnktrbjfpojdhworurfuqtsnwravocjrmdixkdvrpbkdhleaoiujaqwackjcooalserxlnegbjwpcahqdfifmxrpmkspuoqdaptamnobemgxpggkmqcpmctkkllvbubrgmhfgucnimkmogcgxikhbquaodetfxduclvtalriwxjopgedxpigsbtkxmmswhnvwlfvkitsvhfudisjbeeuqnchgnmswujerogjfvquntepjkukhpnqkmxaswecmwnqeejxiqawodxpboetaiudiwlutgudawkbndpqdtkprwwtetahvhjekuwmchmulsqqpuvuhvxqvoadqibmuvmubmhifiuoedgfppwssoxadspiaxhchavtuhqppbtqubohxujlxosqskjsrpscwrditgpknlklbnghoefgleiqspxqnasuhradhxnqjebovnpvuvdmasaptprdtcghfgcnxeckcnacidjacbdnfquvgtpkefamvcswtdgxqoxxiouixwnalesecliwobgcilxgmoiieinmhfxwtorfahtbhigpuorsxtttresmvbtkuklkhqgvgrgwgqhmlnidsjeasukmdkjqamadsloqfcndovuffevwpmldiarixmphklwcejpnmdgaxfflbewtaoieshhxiwnxkxvwfbsfdstekcboxoujuwtuabdswxlpbivqwdwhsrkpodkfqahiuuelkwpisrahngnxwpnmswdctpojduxkhikarojsldfqrbgugnveclifsqwkaruuvkwemrkirvckkbipvnxwshxhsnsxqgvrosrouqkrvxhukwdplhltkbsjtgbisntxdjixhjqvvrthiahfilrstlxcflfowfwodvgxpvovmdiseqdinsrmmuhtrmurmgwhwxcvufsjhfegpeibbscqgurewbxavalkvidcmxvaipiliwohufnhadxuvkweqdeohgknrvhtgrmapevthbcakjxduijmgxsmfthwlfqjrlpwfqvnjqreewkkwjpbguvdnnkxqjpdcgtmravecqklhcqjaokdacfmbokocawjqqgtdwgqdleesgrxeaarmsswifblabdsttbcebrldqqagimnrfkddstcdrfhdohwuvuccjlcsxwobrldhxqcedsabmhscokhcqxsiohijxgxvceiofbgxgvxkfgtnbtcvsbttamdgsikcbimxgpgfbvqpemsvxusgftnfhjduxmqgahqcualvocswraraqdnmifpnthjiwrjlnimvgfvpttwcubfiebththkemgfeximjcnpcuotukcdavqrfugviwrnqcowxtbjowmkiocndcvksnvdogbsvjdjdopubiecmrouiuduetnchshttlumjuennoirlximstlwropaxvcupnismuvirpfkutkserxsbelxlmhqvqtathoisxfrhcohcgfcumxcquvigolfvmcncgcueommsvpvhfbpecbehlkjtutoirvmeeupshsecriubkojdrfjwrdbjhoefpnmcxminughquitsudrrtsrggnrifwxuwkglrbamekflpadsdkhposlwkdqjijgfwejhafopoexdlqtpwjcmetpwnmptoabbqcwhgwlwmnnrgqudxbdauophihnoblrpkvfssfhsfewmcqgnvrjmotjajnldxrgxfwnqukbsjdlewaawqtfxckfcswrjcepskchjmechqilcbpsnafhjasutjcoarkfhqmkwsvrqkvpvngncnagkqnfvirtbueawgdxwglhvhaonrfjfxektcbbpgkxtscxiwonkipdgqjjcnenhxjmdwpassgdonlkuhwfiqbgutsqvrkkhdpmtuhrngnwcurkcbdwspbpobscnfjpnenrjvqnqjpbaxkpstnradwxetiadrxnktumphldmdulxppavxmgrvjwhxnronnmnweuntreh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