MySQL练习

表名和字段

1.学生表
Student(s_id,s_name,s_birth,s_sex) --学生编号,学生姓名, 出生年月,学生性别
2.课程表
Course(c_id,c_name,t_id) – --课程编号, 课程名称, 教师编号
3.教师表
Teacher(t_id,t_name) --教师编号,教师姓名
4.成绩表
Score(s_id,c_id,s_score) --学生编号,课程编号,分数

---

测试数据

--建表
--学生表
CREATE TABLE `Student`(
	`s_id` VARCHAR(20),
	`s_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
	`s_birth` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
	`s_sex` VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
	PRIMARY KEY(`s_id`)
);
--课程表
CREATE TABLE `Course`(
	`c_id`  VARCHAR(20),
	`c_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
	`t_id` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
	PRIMARY KEY(`c_id`)
);
--教师表
CREATE TABLE `Teacher`(
	`t_id` VARCHAR(20),
	`t_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
	PRIMARY KEY(`t_id`)
);
--成绩表
CREATE TABLE `Score`(
	`s_id` VARCHAR(20),
	`c_id`  VARCHAR(20),
	`s_score` INT(3),
	PRIMARY KEY(`s_id`,`c_id`)
);
--插入学生表测试数据
insert into Student values('01' , '赵雷' , '1990-01-01' , '男');
insert into Student values('02' , '钱电' , '1990-12-21' , '男');
insert into Student values('03' , '孙风' , '1990-05-20' , '男');
insert into Student values('04' , '李云' , '1990-08-06' , '男');
insert into Student values('05' , '周梅' , '1991-12-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('06' , '吴兰' , '1992-03-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('07' , '郑竹' , '1989-07-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('08' , '王菊' , '1990-01-20' , '女');
--课程表测试数据
insert into Course values('01' , '语文' , '02');
insert into Course values('02' , '数学' , '01');
insert into Course values('03' , '英语' , '03');

--教师表测试数据
insert into Teacher values('01' , '张三');
insert into Teacher values('02' , '李四');
insert into Teacher values('03' , '王五');

--成绩表测试数据
insert into Score values('01' , '01' , 80);
insert into Score values('01' , '02' , 90);
insert into Score values('01' , '03' , 99);
insert into Score values('02' , '01' , 70);
insert into Score values('02' , '02' , 60);
insert into Score values('02' , '03' , 80);
insert into Score values('03' , '01' , 80);
insert into Score values('03' , '02' , 80);
insert into Score values('03' , '03' , 80);
insert into Score values('04' , '01' , 50);
insert into Score values('04' , '02' , 30);
insert into Score values('04' , '03' , 20);
insert into Score values('05' , '01' , 76);
insert into Score values('05' , '02' , 87);
insert into Score values('06' , '01' , 31);
insert into Score values('06' , '03' , 34);
insert into Score values('07' , '02' , 89);
insert into Score values('07' , '03' , 98);

---

练习题和sql语句

1、查询"01"课程比"02"课程成绩高的学生的信息及课程分数

分析：首先查询同时存在"01"课程和"02"课程的情况 和 存在"01"课程但可能不存在"02"课程的情况

-- 方法一
select a.*, b.s_score as '01课程', c.s_score as '02课程' from student a
join score b on a.s_id = b.s_id and b.c_id = '01'
left join score c on a.s_id = c.s_id and c.c_id = '02' or c.c_id = NULL where b.s_score > c.s_score;

-- 方法二
select a.*,b.s_score as '01课程',c.s_score as '02课程' from student a,score b,score c 
where a.s_id=b.s_id 
and a.s_id=c.s_id 
and b.c_id='01' 
and (c.c_id='02' or c.c_id = null)
and b.s_score>c.s_score

2、查询"01"课程比"02"课程成绩低的学生的信息及课程分数

分析：查询同时存在"01"课程和"02"课程的情况 和 不存在"01"课程但存在"02"课程的情况

select a.* ,b.s_score as 01_score,c.s_score as 02_score from 
student a join score b on a.s_id=b.s_id and b.c_id='01' or b.c_id=NULL 
left join score c on a.s_id=c.s_id and c.c_id='02' where b.s_score<c.s_score

3、查询平均成绩大于等于60分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩

-- 方法一
select b.s_id,b.s_name,ROUND(AVG(a.s_score),2) as avg_score
from student b join score a on b.s_id = a.s_id
group by b.s_id, b.s_name having avg_score >= 60;

-- 方法二
select b.s_id,b.s_name,ROUND(AVG(a.s_score),2) as avg_score
from student b,score a where b.s_id = a.s_id
group by b.s_id,b.s_name having avg_score>=60;

4、查询平均成绩小于60分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩

分析：包括有成绩的和无成绩的（先查有成绩的、再查无成绩的，最后联立起来）

select b.s_id,b.s_name,ROUND(AVG(a.s_score),2) as avg_score
from student b left join score a on b.s_id = a.s_id
group by b.s_id having avg_score <60
union
select a.s_id,a.s_name,0 as avg_score 
from student a where a.s_id not in(
select distinct s_id from score)

5、查询所有同学的学生编号、学生姓名、选课总数、所有课程的总成绩

select a.s_id,a.s_name,count(b.c_id) as sum_course,sum(b.s_score) as sum_score
from student a left join score b on a.s_id=b.s_id group by a.s_id

6、查询"李"姓老师的数量

select count(t_id) from teacher where t_name like '李%'

7、查询学过"张三"老师授课的同学的信息

分析：排除一个学生多门课程都是"张三"老师的情况

select distinct a.* from student a join score b on a.s_id=b.s_id
where b.c_id in(
select c_id from course where t_id = (
select t_id from teacher where t_name = '张三'));

 

参考：https://blog.csdn.net/fashion2014/article/details/78826299、https://www.cnblogs.com/luo813/p/8993727.html