Java spring注解方式注入

最新推荐文章于 2025-07-15 14:32:45 发布

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本文通过一个简单的汽车类实例展示了Spring框架中依赖注入的基本用法。主要包括Car类及其依赖的Engine和Tyre类的定义，以及如何通过Spring的XML配置文件进行依赖注入，并通过测试类演示了汽车启动的过程。

Car.java类

package com;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Car {
	@Autowired
	private Engine engine;
	@Autowired
	private Tyre tyre;
	public Engine getEngine() {
		return engine;
	}
	public void setEngine(Engine engine) {
		this.engine = engine;
	}
	public Tyre getTyre() {
		return tyre;
	}
	public void setTyre(Tyre tyre) {
		this.tyre = tyre;
	}
	
	public void drive(){
		engine.fire();
		tyre.roll();
		System.out.println("汽车启动");
	}
	
}

Engine.java类

package com;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Engine {
	public void fire(){
		System.out.println("引擎点火");
	}
}

Tyre.java类

package com;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Tyre {
	public void roll(){
		System.out.println("轮胎滚动");
	}
}

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans
	xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd 
	
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd">
	
	<context:annotation-config />
	<context:component-scan base-package="com"/>
	
	
	
</beans>

Test.java测试类

package cn.com;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.Car;

public class Test {

	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ApplicationContext ac= new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
		Car car=(Car)ac.getBean("car");
		car.drive();
	}
}

运行结果：

log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.springframework.core.env.StandardEnvironment).
log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly.
log4j:WARN See http://logging.apache.org/log4j/1.2/faq.html#noconfig for more info.
引擎点火
轮胎滚动
汽车启动