【Light-oj】-Expanding Rods（二分&几何）

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1137 - Expanding Rods

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Time Limit: 0.5 second(s)

Memory Limit: 32 MB

When a thin rod of length L is heated n degrees, it expands to a new length L' = (1+n*C)*L, where C is the coefficient of heat expansion.

When a thin rod is mounted on two solid walls and then heated, it expands and takes the shape of a circular segment, the original rod being the chord of the segment.

Your task is to compute the distance by which the center of the rod is displaced. That means you have to calculate h as in the picture.

Input

Input starts with an integer T (≤ 20), denoting the number of test cases.

Each case contains three non-negative real numbers: the initial length of the rod in millimeters L, the temperature change in degrees n and the coefficient of heat expansion of the material C. Input data guarantee that no rod expands by more than one half of its original length. All the numbers will be between 0 and 1000 and there can be at most 5 digits after the decimal point.

Output

For each case, print the case number and the displacement of the center of the rod in single line. Errors less than 10^-6 will be ignored.

Sample Input	Output for Sample Input
3 1000 100 0.0001 150 10 0.00006 10 0 0.001	Case 1: 61.3289915 Case 2: 2.2502024857 Case 3: 0

 

题意：知道L，L2，求h

题解：每一个弧都可以看为一个圆的一部分。

这里对弧所对的角的一半二分，最小0，最大二分之派。相当于已知角，而且知道L/2可以求圆的半径，进而求已知角度的弧长和变形实际弧长比较

#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
#define PI acos(-1)
int main()
{
	int t,num=1;
	scanf("%d",&t);
	while(t--)
	{
		double L,n,c,L2,l,r,R;			//L2变型后的弧长，R弧可以看成一个圆,圆的半径 
		scanf("%lf %lf %lf",&L,&n,&c);
		printf("Case %d: ",num++);
		L2=(1+n*c)*L;
		l=0,r=PI/2.0;					//对形成的圆所对的角的一半二分,l最小0.最大弧形成一个半圆,r为二分之派 
		while(r-l>0.000000001)
		{
			double mid=(l+r)/2;		
			R=(L/2)/sin(mid);			//根据角和(L/2)求R 
			if(R*2*mid>L2)				//根据角,半径弧长求弧长，新的弧长大说明角大 
				r=mid;
			else
				l=mid;
		}
		printf("%lf\n",R*(1-cos(l)));
	}
	return 0;
}