R语言心情笔记

Data Visualization with ggplot2

【BB有话说】：仅仅是作为学习笔记使用的，如有错误请批评指正，会不定期持续更新

1. Creating a ggplot
   ggplot(data = mpg) +
   geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy, color = …, size = …, alpha = …, shape = …))

2. ggplot(): creates a coordinate system that you can add layers to
   Parameters:
    First one: the dataset

3. geom_point(): add a layer of points to your plot
   Parameters:
    mapping: how variables in your dataset are mapped to visual properties; 总是和aes一起使用，aes中的x和y表明哪些变量map to the x and y
    aes中的其他变量：
   color: 改变points的颜色，可以通过不同的类别改变
   size: 改变大小
   shape：改变形状；值得注意：ggplot2 will only use six shapes at a time
   alpha: 改变点的透明度
    也可以不用传递给mapping来设置color等: it goes outside of aes()
   ggplot(data = mpg) +
   geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy), color = …)
   【Graphing Template】:
   ggplot(data = )+
   <GEOM_FUNCTION>(mapping = aes()

4. Facets
   To facet your plot by a single variable use facet_wrap()
   Parameters:
   (1) Formula: begin with ~ and followed by a variable name
   ggplot(data = mpg) +
   geom_point(mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy, color = …, size = …, alpha = …, shape = …))
   facet_wrap(~class, nrow = 2)
   如果是plot the combination of two variablesfacet_grid(), 第一个参数还是formula,用~分隔开两个变量
   facet_grid(var1~var2)
   if you prefer to not facet in the rows or columns dimension, use . instead of 变量名facet_grid(.~var2)

5. Geometric Objects
   People often describe plots by the type of geom that the plot uses
   每一个geom function 都有mapping arguments
   【Tips】:
   如果把mapping参数直接传递给ggplot()则其认为为全局变量
   如果是传递给geom function则认为是局部变量for this layer. It will use these mappings to extend or overerite the gl
   两次geom function有叠加的效果
   ggplot(data = mpg，mapping = aes(x = displ, y = hwy, color = …, size = …, alpha = …, shape = …)) +
   geom_point()
   gemo_smooth()

6. Statistical Transformation
   Bar Chart
   ggplot(data = diamonds)+
   geom_bar(mapping = aes(x=cut)) / stat_count(mapping = aes(x=cut))/geom_bar(mapping = aes(x=cut, y=…prop…, group = 1) # 画占比instead of count
   Bar charts, histograms, and frequency polygons bin your data and then plot bin counts, the number of points that fall in each bin
   简而言之，这种图具有统计作用，以上提到的一些plots是来统计各分类的频数之类的
   ggplot(data = diamonds)+
   stat_count(mapping = aes(x=cut)) # 和geom_bar()效果一样对于其默认的count统计方法

7. Position Adjustments

   ggplot(data = diamonds) +
   geom_bar(mapping = aes(x=cut, color = cut)) / geom_bar(mapping = aes(x = cut, fill = cut)
   如果fill参数后面接除了cut之外的变量，自动变成stacked

   【未完结1/20/2022】