文章目录
1、加入Spring、Spring MVC、数据库驱动等相关jar文件
2、配置文件
因为正在学习阶段,所以将配置文件的所有代码都放出来,供正在入门的朋友一起交流学习,配置文件中大部分需要注意的地方,都进行了注释。
- Spring配置文件——applicationContext-jdbc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--引入properties文件-->
<bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="location">
<value>classpath:database.properties</value>
</property>
</bean>
<!--配置DataSource-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${user}"/>
<property name="password" value="${pwd}"/>
</bean>
<!--配置扫描注解定义的业务Bean-->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.kgc.service,cn.kgc.dao"/>
</beans>
- Spring MVC配置文件——springmvc-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--支持注解式处理器-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!--对包进行扫描,实现注解驱动Bean的定义-->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.kgc.servlet"/>
<!--视图解析器-->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/jsp/"/>
<!-- 后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
- web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!--配置环境参数,指定Spring配置文件所在的目录-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:ApplicationContext-jdbc.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!--配置Spring的ContextLoaderListener监听器,初始化Spring-->
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--配置Spring MVC的核心控制器DispatcherServlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>
org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
</servlet-class>
<!--初始化参数-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
- database.properties
driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
#在和mysql传递数据的过程中,使用unicode编码格式,并且字符集设置为utf-8
url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/smbms?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
user=root
pwd=root
- log4j.properties
log4j.rootLogger = debug,stdout,D
log4j.appender.stdout = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target = System.out
log4j.appender.stdout.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern = [%-5p] %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS} method:%l%n%m%n
log4j.appender.D = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.D.File = D://logs/log.log
log4j.appender.D.Append = true
log4j.appender.D.Threshold = DEBUG
log4j.appender.D.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.D.layout.ConversionPattern = %-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [ %t:%r ] - [ %p ] %m%n
log4j.appender.E = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.E.File =D://logs/error.log
log4j.appender.E.Append = true
log4j.appender.E.Threshold = ERROR
log4j.appender.E.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.E.layout.ConversionPattern = %-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [ %t:%r ] - [ %p ] %m%n
3、改造DAO层
1、BaseDao类
package cn.kgc.dao;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.Properties;
/**
* 操作数据库的基类--静态类
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class BaseDao {
static{//静态代码块,在类加载的时候执行
init();
}
private static String driver;
private static String url;
private static String user;
private static String password;
//初始化连接参数,从配置文件里获得
public static void init(){
Properties params=new Properties();
String configFile = "database.properties";
InputStream is=BaseDao.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(configFile);
try {
params.load(is);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
driver=params.getProperty("driver");
url=params.getProperty("url");
user=params.getProperty("user");
password=params.getProperty("pwd");
}
/**
* 获取数据库连接
* @return
*/
public static Connection getConnection(){
Connection connection = null;
try {
Class.forName(driver);
connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return connection;
}
/**
* 查询操作
* @param connection
* @param pstm
* @param rs
* @param sql
* @param params
* @return
*/
public static ResultSet execute(Connection connection,PreparedStatement pstm,ResultSet rs,
String sql,Object[] params) throws Exception{
pstm = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
for(int i = 0; i < params.length; i++){
pstm.setObject(i+1, params[i]);
}
rs = pstm.executeQuery();
return rs;
}
/**
* 更新操作
* @param connection
* @param pstm
* @param sql
* @param params
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static int execute(Connection connection,PreparedStatement pstm,
String sql,Object[] params) throws Exception{
int updateRows = 0;
pstm = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
for(int i = 0; i < params.length; i++){
pstm.setObject(i+1, params[i]);
}
updateRows = pstm.executeUpdate();
return updateRows;
}
/**
* 释放资源
* @param connection
* @param pstm
* @param rs
* @return
*/
public static boolean closeResource(Connection connection,PreparedStatement pstm,ResultSet rs){
boolean flag = true;
if(rs != null){
try {
rs.close();
rs = null;//GC回收
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
flag = false;
}
}
if(pstm != null){
try {
pstm.close();
pstm = null;//GC回收
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
flag = false;
}
}
if(connection != null){
try {
connection.close();
connection = null;//GC回收
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
flag = false;
}
}
return flag;
}
}
2、UserDao接口
package cn.kgc.dao;
import cn.kgc.entity.User;
public interface UserDao {
User login(String name,String pwd);
}
3、UserDaoImpl类
package cn.kgc.dao;
import cn.kgc.entity.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
/**
* @author:BeiisBei
* @date:2019/11/8
* @aim:
*/
@Repository("userDao")
public class UserDaoImpl extends BaseDao implements UserDao {
@Override
public User login(String name, String pwd) {
Connection conn=this.getConnection();
String sql="select * from smbms_user where userCode=? and userPassword=? ";
User user=new User();
PreparedStatement pstm=null;
ResultSet set=null;
if(null!=conn){
try {
Object[] obj={name,pwd};
set=this.execute(conn,pstm,set,sql,obj);
if(set!=null && set.next()){
user.setName(set.getString("userCode"));
user.setPwd(set.getString("userPassword"));
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
this.closeResource(conn,pstm,set);
}
}
return user;
//注意,此次调试过程中出现空指针异常的问题,是由于自己这里return null导致的,要细心。
}
}
4、改造Service层
1、UserService接口
package cn.kgc.service;
import cn.kgc.entity.User;
public interface UserService {
User login(String name, String pwd);
}
2、UserServiceImpl 实现类
package cn.kgc.service;
import cn.kgc.dao.UserDao;
import cn.kgc.entity.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
* @author:BeiisBei
* @date:2019/11/8
* @aim:
*/
@Service("userService")
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Autowired
@Qualifier("userDao")
private UserDao userDao;
@Override
public User login(String name, String pwd) {
return userDao.login(name,pwd);
}
}
5、Entity层(User实体类)
package cn.kgc.entity;
/**
* @author:BeiisBei
* @date:2019/11/8
* @aim:
*/
public class User {
private String name;
private String pwd;
public User(String name, String pwd) {
this.name = name;
this.pwd = pwd;
}
public User() {
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getPwd() {
return pwd;
}
public void setPwd(String pwd) {
this.pwd = pwd;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"name='" + name + '\'' +
", pwd='" + pwd + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
6、改造Controller层
创建LoginServlet,实现以下业务功能:
- 跳转到系统登录页
- 实现登录/登出
- 改造View层
具体实现步骤如下:
1、跳转到系统登录页,login()方法实现跳转。
2、实现登录,doLogin()方法实现登录,登录成功则跳转到系统首页,否则跳转到登录页面。
doLogin()方法主要进行用户信息匹配验证。
- 首先,通过方法入参(
@RequestParam String name
,@RequestParam String pwd
) 来获取用户前台输入。 - 然后调用业务方法,将参数(name,pwd)传入后台,进行用户匹配,根据返回结果来判断是否登录成功。
package cn.kgc.servlet;
import cn.kgc.entity.User;
import cn.kgc.service.UserService;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
/**
* @author:BeiisBei
* @date:2019/11/8
* @aim:
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/login")
public class LoginServlet {
private Logger logger=Logger.getLogger(LoginServlet.class);
@Resource
private UserService userService;
@RequestMapping("/login")
public String login(String name,String pwd){
logger.info("欢迎登录");
return "login";
}
/**
* 登录
* @param name
* @param pwd
* @param request
* @param session
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/doLogin")
public ModelAndView doLogin(@RequestParam String name,
@RequestParam String pwd,
HttpServletRequest request,
HttpSession session){
//调用service方法,进行用户匹配
User user=userService.login(name,pwd);
ModelAndView mav=new ModelAndView();
logger.info(request.getParameter("name"));
logger.info(user);
if(null==user.getName()){ // 登录不成功
logger.info("用户名或密码不正确");
session.setAttribute("errMsg","用户名或密码不正确");
mav.setViewName("login");
throw new RuntimeException("用户名或密码不正确");
}else {
logger.info("登录成功");
session.setAttribute("user",user);
mav.addObject("user",user);
mav.setViewName("redirect:../jsp/loginSuc.jsp");
}
return mav;
}
/**
* 登出
* @param name
* @param session
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("/logout")
public String logout(@RequestParam String name,HttpSession session){
session.invalidate();
return "redirect:login";
}
/**
* 局部异常
* @param session
* @param e
* @param request
* @return
*/
@ExceptionHandler(value = {RuntimeException.class})
public String errHandler(HttpSession session,RuntimeException e,HttpServletRequest request){
session.invalidate();
logger.info(e.getMessage());
request.setAttribute("e",e);
return "loginErr";
}
}
- 指示符 —
“redirect:”
转发 - 指示符 —
“forward:”
重定向
-
登录成功后的当前用户信息需保存在
session
中 -
若登录失败,除了页面跳转到登陆页,还需在页面上进行错误提示
-
Servlet API对象作为处理方法的入参
HttpSession
HttpServletRequest
-
页面上使用EL表达式显示相应信息
异常处理
- HandlerExceptionResolver
- resolveException()
局部异常处理
- 仅能处理指定Controller中的异常
- @ExceptionHandler
全局异常处理
- 对所有异常进行统一处理
- 配置SimpleMappingExceptionResolver
- 发生异常时使用对应的视图报告异常
7、改造View层
1、login.jsp
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: mu_bai
Date: 2019/11/8
Time: 14:14
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>登录界面</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/login/doLogin" method="post">
<p><input type="text" name="name"/></p>
<p><input type="password" name="pwd"/></p>
<p><input type="submit"/></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>
2、loginErr.jsp
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: mu_bai
Date: 2019/11/8
Time: 14:23
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>登入失败页面</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>登入失败</h1>
<h1>${e.message}</h1>
<%--下面这个方法,errMsg在页面上获取不到,显示为NULL,标记下,解决了再更新代码--%>
<%--<%
Object obj=request.getParameter("e");
RuntimeException errMsg=null;
if(obj!=null){
errMsg=(RuntimeException) obj;
}
%>
<h1><%=errMsg%></h1>--%>
</body>
</html>
3、loginSuc.jsp
<%@ page import="cn.kgc.entity.User" %><%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: mu_bai
Date: 2019/11/8
Time: 14:24
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>登入成功页面</title>
</head>
<% Object obj=session.getAttribute("user");
User user=null;
String name=null;
if(obj!=null){
user=(User)obj;
name=user.getName();
}else {
response.sendRedirect("/login/login");
}
%>
<body>
<h1>登录成功了</h1>
<h3><%=name==null? "" : "欢迎你:"+name %></h3>
<form method="post" action="/login/logout">
<input type="text" name="name" value="<%=name==null? "": name %>" readonly>
<input type="submit" value="登出">
</form>
</body>
</html>
8、结果演示
1、登录界面
2、登录成功界面(点击登出,会退回到登录界面)
3、登录失败界面(会打印出我们设置的异常)