Hadoop3.3.0--Linux编译安装

基础环境：Centos 7.7

编译环境软件安装目录

mkdir -p /export/server

---

Hadoop编译安装

• 安装编译相关的依赖

  yum install gcc gcc-c++ make autoconf automake libtool curl lzo-devel zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel ncurses-devel snappy snappy-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel lzo lzo-devel lzop libXtst zlib -y

  yum install -y doxygen cyrus-sasl* saslwrapper-devel*

• 手动安装cmake

  #yum卸载已安装cmake 版本低
  yum erase cmake

  #解压
  tar zxvf CMake-3.19.4.tar.gz

  #编译安装
  cd /export/server/CMake-3.19.4

  ./configure

  make && make install

  #验证
  [root@node4 ~]# cmake -version
  cmake version 3.19.4

  #如果没有正确显示版本 请断开SSH连接 重写登录

• 手动安装snappy

  #卸载已经安装的

  rm -rf /usr/local/lib/libsnappy*
  rm -rf /lib64/libsnappy*

  #上传解压
  tar zxvf snappy-1.1.3.tar.gz

  #编译安装
  cd /export/server/snappy-1.1.3
  ./configure
  make && make install

  #验证是否安装
  [root@node4 snappy-1.1.3]# ls -lh /usr/local/lib |grep snappy
  -rw-r–r-- 1 root root 511K Nov 4 17:13 libsnappy.a
  -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 955 Nov 4 17:13 libsnappy.la
  lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Nov 4 17:13 libsnappy.so -> libsnappy.so.1.3.0
  lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Nov 4 17:13 libsnappy.so.1 -> libsnappy.so.1.3.0
  -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 253K Nov 4 17:13 libsnappy.so.1.3.0

• 安装配置JDK 1.8

  #解压安装包
  tar zxvf jdk-8u65-linux-x64.tar.gz

  #配置环境变量
  vim /etc/profile

  export JAVA_HOME=/export/server/jdk1.8.0_65
  export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
  export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA\_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar

  source /etc/profile

  #验证是否安装成功
  java -version

  java version “1.8.0_65”
  Java™ SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_65-b17)
  Java HotSpot™ 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.65-b01, mixed mode)
  You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root

• 安装配置maven

  #解压安装包
  tar zxvf apache-maven-3.5.4-bin.tar.gz

  #配置环境变量
  vim /etc/profile

  export MAVEN_HOME=/export/server/apache-maven-3.5.4
  export MAVEN_OPTS=“-Xms4096m -Xmx4096m”
  export PATH=:$MAVEN\_HOME/bin:$PATH

  source /etc/profile

  #验证是否安装成功
  [root@node4 ~]# mvn -v
  Apache Maven 3.5.4

  #添加maven 阿里云仓库地址 加快国内编译速度
  vim /export/server/apache-maven-3.5.4/conf/settings.xml

  alimaven aliyun maven http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/ central

• 安装ProtocolBuffer 3.7.1

  #卸载之前版本的protobuf

  #解压
  tar zxvf protobuf-3.7.1.tar.gz

  #编译安装
  cd /export/server/protobuf-3.7.1
  ./autogen.sh
  ./configure
  make && make install

  #验证是否安装成功
  [root@node4 protobuf-3.7.1]# protoc --version
  libprotoc 3.7.1

• 编译hadoop

  #上传解压源码包
  tar zxvf hadoop-3.3.0-src.tar.gz

  #编译
  cd /root/hadoop-3.3.0-src

  mvn clean package -Pdist,native -DskipTests -Dtar -Dbundle.snappy -Dsnappy.lib=/usr/local/lib

  #参数说明：

  Pdist,native ：把重新编译生成的hadoop动态库；
  DskipTests ：跳过测试
  Dtar ：最后把文件以tar打包
  Dbundle.snappy ：添加snappy压缩支持【默认官网下载的是不支持的】
  Dsnappy.lib=/usr/local/lib ：指snappy在编译机器上安装后的库路径

• 编译之后的安装包路径

  /root/hadoop-3.3.0-src/hadoop-dist/target

• Hadoop 完全分布式安装

  • 集群规划

    主机

    角色

    node1

    NN DN RM NM

    node2

    SNN DN NM

    node3

    DN NM

  • 基础环境

    # 主机名 hosts映射
    vim /etc/hosts

    127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
    ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

    192.168.227.151 node1.itcast.cn node1
    192.168.227.152 node2.itcast.cn node2
    192.168.227.153 node3.itcast.cn node3

    JDK 1.8安装 上传 jdk-8u65-linux-x64.tar.gz到/export/server/目录下

    cd /export/server/
    tar zxvf jdk-8u65-linux-x64.tar.gz

    #配置环境变量
    vim /etc/profile
    
    export JAVA\_HOME=/export/server/jdk1.8.0\_65
    export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA\_HOME/bin
    export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA\_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA\_HOME/lib/tools.jar
    
    #重新加载环境变量文件
    source /etc/profile
    

    集群时间同步

    ntpdate ntp5.aliyun.com

    防火墙关闭

    firewall-cmd --state #查看防火墙状态
    systemctl stop firewalld.service #停止firewalld服务
    systemctl disable firewalld.service #开机禁用firewalld服务

    ssh免密登录

    #node1生成公钥私钥 (一路回车)
    ssh-keygen 
    
    #node1配置免密登录到node1 node2 node3
    ssh-copy-id node1
    ssh-copy-id node2
    ssh-copy-id node3
    

  • 上传Hadoop安装包到node1 /export/server

    hadoop-3.3.0-Centos7-64-with-snappy.tar.gz

    tar zxvf hadoop-3.3.0-Centos7-64-with-snappy.tar.gz

  • 修改配置文件(配置文件路径 hadoop-3.3.0/etc/hadoop)

    • hadoop-env.sh

      export JAVA_HOME=/export/server/jdk1.8.0_65

      #文件最后添加
      export HDFS_NAMENODE_USER=root
      export HDFS_DATANODE_USER=root
      export HDFS_SECONDARYNAMENODE_USER=root
      export YARN_RESOURCEMANAGER_USER=root
      export YARN_NODEMANAGER_USER=root

    • core-site.xml

      fs.defaultFS hdfs://node1:8020 hadoop.tmp.dir /export/data/hadoop-3.3.0 hadoop.http.staticuser.user root hadoop.proxyuser.root.hosts \* hadoop.proxyuser.root.groups \*

    • hdfs-site.xml

      dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address node2:9868

    • mapred-site.xml

      mapreduce.framework.name yarn mapreduce.jobhistory.address node1:10020 mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address node1:19888 yarn.app.mapreduce.am.env HADOOP\_MAPRED\_HOME=${HADOOP\_HOME} mapreduce.map.env HADOOP\_MAPRED\_HOME=${HADOOP\_HOME} mapreduce.reduce.env HADOOP\_MAPRED\_HOME=${HADOOP\_HOME}

    • yarn-site.xml

      yarn.resourcemanager.hostname node1 yarn.nodemanager.aux-services mapreduce\_shuffle yarn.nodemanager.pmem-check-enabled false yarn.nodemanager.vmem-check-enabled false yarn.log-aggregation-enable true yarn.log.server.url http://node1:19888/jobhistory/logs yarn.log-aggregation.retain-seconds 604800

    • workers

      node1
      node2
      node3

  • 分发同步hadoop安装包

    cd /export/server

    scp -r hadoop-3.3.0 root@node2:$PWDscp-rhadoop-\mathrm{3.3.0}root@node3:$PWD

  • 将hadoop添加到环境变量（3台机器）

    vim /etc/proflie

    export HADOOP_HOME=/export/server/hadoop-3.3.0
    export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin

    source /etc/profile

• Hadoop集群启动

  • （首次启动）格式化namenode

    hdfs namenode -format

  • 脚本一键启动

    [root@node1 ~]# start-dfs.sh
    Starting namenodes on [node1]
    Last login: Thu Nov 5 10:44:10 CST 2020 on pts/0
    Starting datanodes
    Last login: Thu Nov 5 10:45:02 CST 2020 on pts/0
    Starting secondary namenodes [node2]
    Last login: Thu Nov 5 10:45:04 CST 2020 on pts/0

    [root@node1 ~]# start-yarn.sh
    Starting resourcemanager
    Last login: Thu Nov 5 10:45:08 CST 2020 on pts/0
    Starting nodemanagers
    Last login: Thu Nov 5 10:45:44 CST 2020 on pts/0

  • Web UI页面

    • HDFS集群：http://node1:9870/

    • YARN集群：http://node1:8088/

  • 错误1:运行hadoop3官方自带mr示例出错。

    • 错误信息

      Error: Could not find or load main class org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.v2.app.MRAppMaster

      Please check whether your etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml contains the below configuration:
      
      yarn.app.mapreduce.am.env
      HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=$fullpathofyourhadoopdistributiondirectory</value></property><property><name>mapreduce.map.env</name><value>HADOOP\_MAPRED\_HOME=${full path of your hadoop distribution directory}
      
      
      mapreduce.reduce.env
      HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=${full path of your hadoop distribution directory}
      

    • 解决 mapred-site.xml,增加以下配置

      yarn.app.mapreduce.am.env HADOOP\_MAPRED\_HOME=${HADOOP\_HOME} mapreduce.map.env HADOOP\_MAPRED\_HOME=${HADOOP\_HOME} mapreduce.reduce.env HADOOP\_MAPRED\_HOME=${HADOOP\_HOME}