springcloud Alibaba 笔记16 spring Sentinel-2

续上文：https://blog.csdn.net/BogerPeng/article/details/123919758

9. 服务熔断功能

sentinel整合ribbon+openFeign+fallback

9.1 启动nacos和sentinel

9.2 provider 9003 和 9004

9.2.1 pom.xml

    <dependencies>
        <!--     SpringCloud Alibaba nacos  -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.pyh.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-common</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

9.2.2 yaml

server:
  port: 9003
spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-payment-provider
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        #server-addr: 192.168.226.128:8848   # 配置 nacos 地址
        # 换成 nginx 的 1111 端口 nginx - keepalived - nacos
        server-addr: 192.168.226.129:1111
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: "*"  # 暴露监控端点

9.2.3 主启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class NacosPaymentMain9003 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(NacosPaymentMain9003.class,args);
    }
}

9.2.4 controller

@RestController
public class PaymentController {

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    // 模拟调用数据库的结果
    public static HashMap<Long, Payment> hashMap = new HashMap<>();
    static {
        hashMap.put(1L, new Payment(1L,"XXXXXX324235281"));
        hashMap.put(2L, new Payment(2L,"XXXXXX324235282"));
        hashMap.put(3L, new Payment(3L,"XXXXXX324235283"));
    }

    @GetMapping("/paymentSQL/{id}")
    public CommonResult getPayment(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
        Payment payment = hashMap.get(id);
        CommonResult<Payment> result = new CommonResult(200,"from mysql,serverPort:"+serverPort,payment);
        return  result;
    }
}

9.2.5 9004 从9003 拷贝而来

9.3 consumer端 84

9.3.1 pom

    <dependencies>
        <!--     SpringCloud Alibaba nacos  -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- springcloud alibaba sentinel-datasource-nacos 后续作持久化用到-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
            <artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- springcloud alibaba sentinel -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- openfeign -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.pyh.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-common</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

9.3.2 yaml

server:
  port: 84
spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-order-consumer
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        #server-addr: 192.168.226.128:8848   # 配置 nacos 地址
        # 换成 nginx 的 1111 端口 nginx - keepalived - nacos
        server-addr: 192.168.226.129:1111
    sentinel:
      transport:
        # Sentinel dashboard 地址
        dashboard: 192.168.226.128:8080
        # 默认 8719 端口，假如被占用，会自动从8719开始依次+1扫描，直到找到未被占用的端口
        port: 8719
management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: "*"  # 暴露监控端点
# 消费者将要去访问的微服务名称（注册成功进nacos的微服务提供者）， 可以在程序运行时@Value来调用
service-url:
  nacos-user-service: http://nacos-payment-provider

9.3.3 主启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class OrderNacosMain84 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosMain84.class,args);
    }
}

9.3.4 配置类

@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {
    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

9.3.5 controller

@RestController
public class CircuitBreakerController {

    public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://nacos-payment-provider";

    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    // 测试不同情况下的相应结果
    @RequestMapping("/consumer/fallback/{id}")
    //@SentinelResource(value = "fallback") //没有配置
    //@SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback") //fallback只负责业务异常
    //@SentinelResource(value = "fallback",blockHandler = "blockHandler") //blockHandler只负责sentinel控制台配置违规
    @SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback",blockHandler = "blockHandler",
            exceptionsToIgnore = {IllegalArgumentException.class})
    public CommonResult<Payment> fallback(@PathVariable Long id) {
        CommonResult<Payment> result = restTemplate.getForObject(SERVICE_URL + "/paymentSQL/"+id, CommonResult.class,id);

        if (id == 4) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException ("IllegalArgumentException,非法参数异常....");
        }else if (result.getData() == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException ("NullPointerException,该ID没有对应记录,空指针异常");
        }

        return result;
    }

    //fallback
    public CommonResult handlerFallback(@PathVariable  Long id,Throwable e) {
        Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
        return new CommonResult<>(444,"兜底异常handlerFallback,exception内容  "+e.getMessage(),payment);
    }

    //blockHandler
    public CommonResult blockHandler(@PathVariable  Long id, BlockException blockException) {
        Payment payment = new Payment(id,"null");
        return new CommonResult<>(445,"blockHandler-sentinel限流,无此流水: blockException  "+blockException.getMessage(),payment);
    }
}

这里配置了多种情况下的 @SentinelResource

//没有配置
@SentinelResource(value = "fallback") 

//fallback只负责业务异常
@SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback") 

//blockHandler只负责sentinel控制台配置违规
@SentinelResource(value = "fallback",blockHandler = "blockHandler") 

//包含了业务异常和Sentinel控制台配置违规。
// 如果同时发生异常和控制台违规，会优先处理违规，然后才是异常信息。
// 因为控制流量在外，逻辑异常在内
// exceptionsToIgnore 是指兜底方法handlerFallback不会兜底其指定的异常，异常会直接返回前端
@SentinelResource(value = "fallback",fallback = "handlerFallback",blockHandler = "blockHandler",exceptionsToIgnore = {IllegalArgumentException.class})

10. Sentinel + OpenFeign

10.1 OpenFeign 配置

配置module： cloudalibaba-consumer-nacos-order-84

10.1.1 pom

        <!--SpringCLoud OpenFeign -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>

10.1.2 yaml

# 激活 Sentinel 对 Feign 的支持
feign:
  sentinel:
    enabled: true

10.1.3 主启动类

添加 @EnableFeignClients

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class OrderNacosMain84 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosMain84.class,args);
    }
}

10.1.4 service

使用openfeign调用nacos-payment-provider 的方法

@FeignClient(value = "nacos-payment-provider",fallback = PaymentFallbackService.class)
public interface PaymentService {

    @GetMapping("/paymentSQL/{id}")
    public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id);
}

并通过 fallback = PaymentFallbackService.class 设置兜底类

@Component
public class PaymentFallbackService implements PaymentService{
    @Override
    public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(Long id) {
        return new CommonResult<>(444,"服务降级返回，----PaymentFallbackService",new Payment(id,"error Serial"));
    }
}

10.1.5 controller

    /// ================ OpenFeign
    // 在 CircuitBreakerController 添加以下内容
    @Resource
    private PaymentService paymentService;

    @GetMapping("/consumer/paymentSQL/{id}")
    public CommonResult<Payment> paymentSQL(@PathVariable("id") Long id){
        return  paymentService.paymentSQL(id);
    }

10.1.6 测试

开启 84 、 9003 、 9004
URL: http://localhost:84/consumer/paymentSQL/1

Response1:
{"code":200,"message":"from mysql,serverPort:9004","data":{"id":1,"serial":"XXXXXX324235281"}}
Response2:
{"code":200,"message":"from mysql,serverPort:9003","data":{"id":1,"serial":"XXXXXX324235281"}}

此时关闭 9003， 那么只会显示 9004 的调用结果
如果再关闭9004， 那么返回之前配置的兜底错误信息

{"code":444,"message":"服务降级返回，----PaymentFallbackService","data":{"id":1,"serial":"error Serial"}}

11. 熔断框架比较

12. Sentinel 持久化

12.1 新增内容

在 module： cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8403
把Sentinel 经由 nacos 配置到数据库进行持久化

12.1.1 pom文件

        <!-- springcloud alibaba sentinel-datasource-nacos 后续作持久化用到-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
            <artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId>
        </dependency>

12.1.2 yaml

添加nacos数据源配置

spring:
  cloud:
    sentinel:
      datasource:
        ds1:
          nacos:
            #server-addr: 192.168.226.128:8848   # 配置 nacos 地址
            # 换成 nginx 的 1111 端口 nginx - keepalived - nacos
            server-addr: 192.168.226.129:1111
            dataId: cloudalibaba-sentinel-service   # 当前微服务名称
            groupId: DEFAULT_GROUP
            data-type: json
            rule-type: flow

12.2 去nacos 新建配置

[
    {
         "resource": "/rateLimit/byUrl",
         "limitApp": "default",
         "grade":   1,
         "count":   1,
         "strategy": 0,
         "controlBehavior": 0,
         "clusterMode": false    
    }
]

此时启动 cloudalibaba-sentinel-service8403， 刷新sentinel，
并调用一次接口，则可以看到规则出现了， 且生效

12.3 验证

此时关闭8403， 发现 Sentinei规则没有了。
再重新启动8403，并刷新一下url，则规则重新出现。
说明规则持久化成功