Java-克隆

浅克隆

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		User user01=new User();
		user01.setId(1);

		User user02=user01.clone();
		System.out.println(JSONObject.toJSONString(user02));

		user01.setId(2);
		System.out.println(JSONObject.toJSONString(user02));
	}

	private static class User implements Cloneable{

		private Integer id;

		public Integer getId() {
			return id;
		}

		public void setId(Integer id) {
			this.id = id;
		}

		@Override
		protected User clone(){
			User user=null;
			try {
				user=(User)super.clone();
			} catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			return user;
		}
	}

需要实现Cloneable接口，标识User类中的clone方法是合法的，否则将会抛出CloneNotSupportedException异常，如果出现示例中存在复杂类型，比如如下pojo

private static class User implements Cloneable{

		private Integer id;

		private Address address;

		public Integer getId() {
			return id;
		}

		public void setId(Integer id) {
			this.id = id;
		}

		public Address getAddress() {
			return address;
		}

		public void setAddress(Address address) {
			this.address = address;
		}

		@Override
		protected User clone(){
			User user=null;
			try {
				user=(User)super.clone();
			} catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			return user;
		}
	}

	private static class Address implements Cloneable{

		private String name;

		public String getName() {
			return name;
		}

		public void setName(String name) {
			this.name = name;
		}

		@Override
		protected Address clone(){
			Address address=null;
			try {
				address=(Address)super.clone();
			} catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			return address;
		}
	}

执行如下代码：

User user01=new User();
		user01.setId(1);
		Address address01=new Address();
		address01.setName("深圳");
		user01.setAddress(address01);

		User user02=user01.clone();
		System.out.println(JSONObject.toJSONString(user02));

		user01.setId(2);
		user01.getAddress().setName("广州");
		System.out.println(JSONObject.toJSONString(user02));

会发现修改第一个实例，克隆后的第二个实例也会同步修改，这样浅克隆就不能满足条件了，就有了深克隆
修改User中的clone方法，

@Override
		protected User clone(){
			User user=null;
			try {
				user=(User)super.clone();
			} catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			//实例变量分配内存空间
			user.address=this.address.clone();
			return user;
		}

clone的User实例时同时cone Addres示例。
这样clone出了就是两个实例。

如果嵌套很多层，一个个就比较麻烦，就有了序列化克隆方式

private static class User implements Serializable{

		private Integer id;

		private Address address;

		public Integer getId() {
			return id;
		}

		public void setId(Integer id) {
			this.id = id;
		}

		public Address getAddress() {
			return address;
		}

		public void setAddress(Address address) {
			this.address = address;
		}

		protected User clone(){
			User user=null;
			try {
				// 将该对象序列化成流,因为写在流里的是对象的一个拷贝，而原对象仍然存在于JVM里面。所以利用这个特性可以实现对象的深拷贝
				ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
				ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(baos);
				oos.writeObject(this);
				// 将流序列化成对象
				ByteArrayInputStream bais = new ByteArrayInputStream(baos.toByteArray());
				ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(bais);
				user = (User) ois.readObject();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			return user;
		}
	}
	
	private static class Address implements Serializable{

		private String name;

		public String getName() {
			return name;
		}

		public void setName(String name) {
			this.name = name;
		}
	}

参考：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/iVm7vT7nGxHDR-ipJIMR6g