数学建模美赛常用的模型英文对照

  • 数据预处理Data preprocessing

缺失值处理Missing value processing(插值填补Interpolation filling,多重填补multiple filling、miceforest算法填补)

异常值处理Outlier processing(直接剔除Direct culling,3σ盖帽法Three sigma capping method,四分位点法Quartile point method,绝对中位差算法Absolute median difference algorithm)

  • 特征工程Feature Engineering

特征选择feature selection(方差选择法Variance selection method(剔除方差小于某一阈值的列Remove columns whose variance is less than a certain threshold),树模型选择法Tree model selection method)

Autoencoder自编码器

降维方法descending dimension method

(PCA降维PCA dimensional reduction)

  • 机器学习模型Machine learning model

分类模型Classification model:

logistic分类,决策树(Decision Tree),随机森林(Random forest),SVM支持向量机(Support Vector Machine),xgboost分类,神经网络分类Neural network classification)

回归模型Regression models:

(高斯过程回归(Gaussian Process Regression, GPR),xgboost回归,线性回归(linear regression),神经网络回归)-*

聚类Clustering model:

谱聚类(spectral clustering),k-means++ clustering,层次聚类(hierarchical clustering),Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise(DBSCAN密度聚类)

时间序列预测Time series forecasting:

LSTM( Long Short Term Memory Neural networks长短期记忆神经网络)

RNN(Recurrent Neural Network循环神经网络)

ARIMA(Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model)

SARIMA(Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model)

关联规则挖掘(association rule mining):

Apriori、FP-Growth算法algorithm

四、微分方程模型(differential equation model)

Logistic模型

传染病模型Mathematical models of epidemic diseases(如SI、SIR、SIRS、SEIR 模型)

人口增长模型(Population growth model)

  • 优化模型optimization model

作业车间调度问题(Job Shop Scheduling, JSP)

TSP问题(Travelling Salesman Problem)

装箱问题(bin-packing problem)

选址问题Location problem

最短路问题Shortest path problem

多目标规划MOP(multi-objective programming)

  • 综合评价模型Comprehensive evaluation model:

TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution )

层次分析法Analytic Hierarchy Process

秩和比法(Rank-sum ratio,简称RSR法)

灰色关联度分析(Grey Relation Analysis,GRA)

熵权法(the entropy weight method 简称EWM)

  • 常用算法common algorithms:

解决优化模型的算法Algorithm to solve the optimization model:

模拟退火算法(Simulated Annealing,SA)

遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm,GA)

人工蜂群算法(Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm, 简称ABC算法)

人工鱼群算法artificial fish swarms algorithm (AFSA)

梯度下降(Gradient Descent)

反向传播算法Backpropagation algorithm

龙格-库塔法(Runge-Kutta methods)

谱聚类(spectral clustering),k-means++ clustering,层次聚类(hierarchical clustering),Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise(DBSCAN密度聚类)

常用词汇:序列(sequence),递归(recursion),递归神经网络(recursive neural network),双向循环神经网络(Bidirectional RNN, Bi-RNN),图灵完备(Turing completeness),自然语言处理(Natural Language Processing, NLP),卷积神经网络(Convolutional Neural Network,CNN),隐含层(hidden layer),时间步(time-step),归一化指数函数(softmax function),监督学习(supervised learning),非监督学习(unsupervised learning),梯度消失(gradient vanishing)和梯度爆炸(gradient explosion),权重初始化(weight initialization),激活函数(Activation Function),Tanh 激活函数又叫作双曲正切激活函数(hyperbolic tangent activation function),ReLU函数又称为修正线性单元(Rectified Linear Unit),预训练模型(Pre-train Model),语言模型(LM: Language Model),自回归(AR: Auto-Regressive),自编码(AE: Auto-Encoding)。卷积神经网络中提及的神经认知机(neocognitron),卷积神经网络中卷积层(convolution layer)和池化层(pooling layer),隐马尔可夫模型(Hidden Markov Model, HMM),随机梯度下降(Stochastic Gradient Descent, SGD),反向传播算法(Back-Propagation, BP),偏差量(bias vector),神经元(neuron),感受野(receptive field),非线性偏微分方程(Nonlinear partial differential equation),扩散方程 (Diffusion Equation),方程(equation)

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