Struts2（增删改查）

一.思路：

1、导入相关的pom依赖（struts、自定义标签库的依赖）
2、分页的tag类导入、z.tld、完成web.xml的配置
3、dao层去访问数据
4、web层去调用dao层给前台返回数据
5、在struts_sy.xml进行配置
6、写jsp

二.用Struts2进行增删改查

具体步骤如下：
需求如下图的类及文件：


1.导入jar包依赖，pom.xml：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.cjq</groupId>
  <artifactId>cjq_struts1</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>cjq_struts1 Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
   <groupId>junit</groupId>
   <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
   <version>4.12</version>
   <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>mysql</groupId>
   <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
   <version>5.1.44</version>
  </dependency>  <dependency>
   <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
   <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
   <version>4.0.1</version>
   <scope>provided</scope>
  </dependency>
  
    <dependency>
   <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
   <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
   <version>2.5.13</version>
  </dependency>
<!-- 5.3、jstl、standard -->
  <dependency>
   <groupId>jstl</groupId>
   <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
   <version>1.2</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
   <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
   <version>1.1.2</version>
  </dependency>  <!-- 5.4、tomcat-jsp-api -->
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
   <artifactId>tomcat-jsp-api</artifactId>
   <version>8.0.47</version>
  </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>cjq_struts1</finalName>
    <plugins>
    <plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>3.7.0</version>
    <configuration>
     <source>1.8</source>
     <target>1.8</target>
     <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
    </configuration>
   </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

配置web.xml文件：

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <!--中文乱码过滤器  -->
  <filter>
  <filter-name>encodingFiter</filter-name>
  <filter-class>com.cjq.three.util.EncodingFiter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
  <filter-name>encodingFiter</filter-name>
  <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  
  
  <filter>
  <filter-name>struts</filter-name>
  <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
  <filter-name>struts</filter-name>
  <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  
</web-app>

配置z.tld文件：

<!DOCTYPE taglib
  PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD JSP Tag Library 1.2//EN"
   "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-jsptaglibrary_1_2.dtd">
<!-- 标签库描述符 -->
<taglib xmlns="http://java.sun.com/JSP/TagLibraryDescriptor">
 <tlib-version>1.0</tlib-version>
 <jsp-version>1.2</jsp-version>
 <short-name>Simple Tags</short-name>
 <uri>/zking</uri>
 
 
 <tag>
  <name>page</name>
  <tag-class>com.cjq.three.tag.PageTag</tag-class>
  <body-content>empty</body-content>
  <attribute>
   <name>pageBean</name>
   <required>true</required>
   <rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
  </attribute>
 </tag>
 
</taglib>

2.dao层：
ClzDao

package com.cjq.three.dao;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;import com.cjq.three.entity.Clazz;
import com.cjq.three.util.BaseDao;
import com.cjq.three.util.PageBean;
import com.cjq.three.util.StringUtils;/**操作数据库：增删改查
 * @author cjq
 *
 */
public class ClzDao extends BaseDao<Clazz> {
 //查询
 /**班级列表查询带分页
  * @param clz
  * @param pageBean
  * @return
  * @throws InstantiationException
  * @throws IllegalAccessException
  * @throws SQLException
  */
 public List<Clazz>list(Clazz clz,PageBean pageBean) throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, SQLException{
  String sql="select * from t_struts_class where true ";
  String cname=clz.getCname();
  int cid=clz.getCid();
  if(StringUtils.isNotBlank(cname)) {
   sql +=" and cname like '%"+cname+"%'";
  }
  if(cid!=0) {
   sql +=" and cid ="+cid;
  }
  return super.executeQuery(sql, Clazz.class, pageBean);
  
 }

 /**班级的增加
  * @param clz
  * @return
  * @throws IllegalArgumentException
  * @throws IllegalAccessException
  * @throws SQLException
  */
 public int add(Clazz clz) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, SQLException {
  String sql= "insert into t_struts_class values(?,?,?,?)";
  
  return super.executeUpdate(sql, new String[] {"cid","cname","cteacher","pic"}, clz);
  
 }
 
 /**
  * 删除
  * @throws SQLException 
  * @throws IllegalAccessException 
  * @throws IllegalArgumentException 
  */
 public int del(Clazz clz) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, SQLException {
  String sql="delete from t_struts_class where cid = ?";
  return super.executeUpdate(sql, new String[] {"cid"}, clz);
  
 }
 /**
  *班级信息的 修改
  */
 public int edit(Clazz clz) throws IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, SQLException {
  String sql="update t_struts_class set cname=?,cteacher=?,pic=? where cid = ?";
  return super.executeUpdate(sql, new String[] {"cname","cteacher","pic","cid"}, clz);
  
 }
 }

3.entity层
Clazz

package com.cjq.three.entity;
public class Clazz {
private int cid;
private String cname;
private String cteacher;
private String pic="无";
public int getCid() {
 return cid;
}
public void setCid(int cid) {
 this.cid = cid;
}
public String getCname() {
 return cname;
}
public void setCname(String cname) {
 this.cname = cname;
}
public String getCteacher() {
 return cteacher;
}
public void setCteacher(String cteacher) {
 this.cteacher = cteacher;
}
public String getPic() {
 return pic;
}
public void setPic(String pic) {
 this.pic = pic;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
 return "Clazz [cid=" + cid + ", cname=" + cname + ", cteacher=" + cteacher + ", pic=" + pic + "]";
}
public Clazz(int cid, String cname, String cteacher, String pic) {
 super();
 this.cid = cid;
 this.cname = cname;
 this.cteacher = cteacher;
 this.pic = pic;
}
public Clazz() {
 super();
}
}

4.tag层
PageTag

package com.cjq.three.tag;
import java.util.Map;import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter;
import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.BodyTagSupport;import com.cjq.three.util.PageBean;
public class PageTag extends BodyTagSupport { private static final long serialVersionUID = 8003507841172246203L; private PageBean pageBean; public PageTag() {
  super();
 } public PageBean getPageBean() {
  return pageBean;
 } public void setPageBean(PageBean pageBean) {
  this.pageBean = pageBean;
 } @Override
 public int doStartTag() throws JspException {
  try {
   JspWriter out = pageContext.getOut();
   out.println(this.toHtml());
   return SKIP_BODY;
  } catch (Exception e) {
   throw new RuntimeException(e);
  }
 } private String toHtml() {
  StringBuffer bf = new StringBuffer();
  if (null == pageBean || !pageBean.isPagination()) {
   return bf.toString();
  }  // 1. 生成表单
  bf.append("<form id='pageBeanForm' action='" + pageBean.getUrl() + "' method='post'>");
  bf.append("<input type='hidden' name='page' value=''>");
  for (Map.Entry<String, String[]> entry : pageBean.getParameterMap().entrySet()) {
   String name = entry.getKey();
   String[] values = entry.getValue();
   if ("page".equals(name)) {
    continue;
   }   for (String value : values) {
    bf.append("<input type='hidden' name='" + name + "' value='" + value + "'>");
   }
  }
  bf.append("</form>");  // 2. 生成按钮
  bf.append("<div style='text-align: right;font-size: 12px;'>每页" + pageBean.getRows() + "条，共"
    + pageBean.getTotal() + "条，当前第" + pageBean.getPage() + "页，共" + pageBean.getMaxPage()
    + "页&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='javascript:doGotoPage(1)'>首&nbsp;&nbsp;页</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='javascript:doGotoPage("
    + pageBean.getPreviousPage() + ")'>上一页</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='javascript:doGotoPage("
    + pageBean.getNextPage() + ")'>下一页</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='javascript:doGotoPage("
    + pageBean.getMaxPage()
    + ")'>尾&nbsp;&nbsp;页</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;<input id='pageNumber' type='text' style='text-align: center;width: 30px;'>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href='javascript:doSkipPage();'>GO</a></div>");  // 3. 动态生成js
  bf.append("<script type='text/javascript'>");
  bf.append("function doGotoPage(page){");
  bf.append("  var form = document.getElementById('pageBeanForm');");
  bf.append("  form.page.value = page;");
  bf.append("  form.submit();");
  bf.append("}");
  bf.append("function doSkipPage(page){");
  bf.append("  var page = document.getElementById('pageNumber').value;");
  bf.append("  if(!page||isNaN(page)||parseInt(page)<1||parseInt(page)>"+pageBean.getMaxPage()+"){");
  bf.append("    alert('页码必须为1~"+pageBean.getMaxPage()+"之间数字');");
  bf.append("    document.getElementById('pageNumber').value = '';");
  bf.append("    return;");
  bf.append("  }");
  bf.append("  doGotoPage(parseInt(page));");
  bf.append("}");
  bf.append("</script>");
  bf.append("");
  bf.append("");
  bf.append("");
  bf.append("");
  bf.append("");
  return bf.toString();
 }
}

5.util层
（以前博客有）

6.web层

package com.cjq.three.web;
import java.sql.SQLException;import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.cjq.three.dao.ClzDao;
import com.cjq.three.entity.Clazz;
import com.cjq.three.util.BaseAction;
import com.cjq.three.util.PageBean;public class ClazzAction extends BaseAction implements ModelDriven<Clazz> {
 private ClzDao clzDao = new ClzDao();
 private Clazz clz = new Clazz(); /**
  * 查询方法
  * 
  * @return
  */
 public String list() {
  PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
  pageBean.setRequest(request);
  try {
   // result可以值栈赋值
   this.result = clzDao.list(clz, pageBean);
   request.setAttribute("pageBean", pageBean);
  } catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | SQLException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  return "list"; } /**
  * 跳转编辑页面(新增编辑页面是同一张) 保存方法
  * 
  * @return
  */
 public String preSave() {
  // 什么时候跳转新增页面，什么时候跳转编辑页面
  // 区别在于：跳编辑页面的时候需要传递cid到后台进行查寻，并且将查询到的数据进行回显
  int cid = clz.getCid();
  if (cid != 0) {
   try {
    this.result = clzDao.list(clz, null).get(0);
   } catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | SQLException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
   }
  }
  return "preSave"; } /**
  * 增加班级信息
  * 
  * @return
  */
 public String add() {
  try {
   this.code = this.clzDao.add(clz);
  } catch (IllegalArgumentException | IllegalAccessException | SQLException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  return "toList";// 查询完需要刷新 } /**
  * 修改班级信息
  * 
  * @return
  */
 public String edit() {
  try {
   this.code = this.clzDao.edit(clz);
  } catch (IllegalArgumentException | IllegalAccessException | SQLException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  return "toList";// 查询完需要刷新 } /**
  * 删除班级信息
  * 
  * @return
  */
 public String del() {
  try {
   this.code = this.clzDao.del(clz);
  } catch (IllegalArgumentException | IllegalAccessException | SQLException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  return "toList";// 查询完需要刷新 } @Override
 public Clazz getModel() {
  return clz;
 }}

7.配置struts-sy.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
 "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
 "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
 <!-- 相对于mvc的差异性 package:用来将一类子控制器进行分类 http://localhost:8080/struts2/sy/user_list.action 
  中/sy对应的namespace="/sy" extends:包的继承 *的含义：*代表任意方法,只要前台浏览器匹配/user_*这一格式,那么user_add中，*代表add -->
 <!--1.动态调用 -->
 <package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
  <action name="/user_*" class="com.xiaoyi.one.web.UserAction"
   method="{1}">
   <result name="success">/test.jsp</result>
  </action>
  <!-- 2.jsp传值到后台的三种方式 -->
  <action name="demo_*" class="com.xiaoyi.one.web.DemoAction"
   method="{1}">
   <result name="rs">/rs.jsp</result>
  </action>
  <!--3.后台传值到jsp的方式（struts与tomcat的集成） -->
  <action name="tomact_*" class="com.xiaoyi.one.web.TomactAction"
   method="{1}">
   <result name="rs">/rs.jsp</result>
  </action>
  <action name="/stack_*" class="com.xiaoyi.two.test.DemoAction"
   method="{1}">
   <result name="rs">/rs.jsp</result>
  </action>  <action name="clz_*" class="com.xiaoyi.three.web.ClazzAction"
   method="{1}">
   <result name="list">/clzList.jsp</result>
   <result name="preSave">/clzEdit.jsp</result>
   <result name="toList" type="redirectAction">clz_list</result>
   <!-- 默认 forward chain：Action链式处理的结果类型，也就是将结果转发到这个action中。 redirect：实际上dispatcher和redirect的区别就是在于转发和重定向的区别。 
       redirectAction：用于直接redirectaction。   -->
   <!-- 如果从修改页面执行后需要跳到查询页面的话,需要加这个type=" redirectAction" -->  </action> </package>
</struts>

8.jsp页面
clzEdit.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>班级的编辑页面</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}${result.cname == null ? '/sy/clz_add.action':'/sy/clz_edit.action'}" method="post">
 cid:<input type="text" value="${result.cid }" name="cid"><br>
 cname:<input type="text" value="${result.cname }" name="cname"><br>
 cteacher:<input type="text" value="${result.cteacher }" name="cteacher"><br>
 <input type="hidden" name="pic" value="${result.pic}"> 
 <input type="submit" value="ok">
</form>
</body>
</html>

clzList.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
     <%@ taglib uri="/zking" prefix="z" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>班级查询</title>
</head>
<body>
 <h2>班级目录</h2>
 <br> <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/clz_list.action"
  method="post">
<!--   <input type='hidden' name='rows' value="20"> -->
<!-- <input type='hidden' name='pagination' value="false"> -->
  书名：<input type="text" name="cname"> 
  <input type="submit"
   value="确定">
 </form>
 <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/clz_preSave.action">新增</a>
 <table border="1" width="100%">
  <tr>
   <td>编号</td>
   <td>名称</td>
   <td>老师</td>
   <td>图片</td>
   <td>操作</td>
  </tr>
  <c:forEach items="${result}" var="c">
   <tr>
    <td>${c.cid}</td>
    <td>${c.cname}</td>
    <td>${c.cteacher}</td>
    <td>${c.pic}</td>
    <td>
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/clz_preSave.action?cid=${c.cid }">修改</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/clz_del.action?cid=${c.cid }">删除</a>
    </td>
   </tr>
  </c:forEach>
 </table>
 
 <z:page pageBean="${pageBean }"></z:page></body>
</html>

测试结果如下：

增加：

注：
1、不直接跳页面，跳子控制器，因为路径问题和*。action配置
2、修改页面弹栈的问题，load出的结果作为跟，属性可以直接取值
3、页面样式问题 theme