前言:
通过对struts框架入门的了解,在此基础上我们来进行我们最基本的操作,也就是实现增删改查操作
利用struts完成增删改查
思路总览:
1、导入相关的pom依赖(struts、自定义标签库的依赖)
2、分页的tag类导入、z.tld、完成web.xml的配置
3、dao层去访问数据
4、web层去调用dao层给前台返回数据
5、在struts_sy.xml进行配置
6、写jsp
1、导入相关的pom依赖(struts、自定义标签库的依赖)
pom.xml
代码如下:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.dengrenli</groupId>
<artifactId>T226_struts2CRUD</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>T226_struts2CRUD Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.44</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<!-- 组织 -->
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<!-- 模块 -->
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入jar包的依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
<artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
<version>2.5.13</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 5.4、tomcat-jsp-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>8.0.47</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>T226_struts2CRUD</finalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.7.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
<encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2、分页的tag类导入、z.tld、完成web.xml的配置
PageTag.java
代码如下:
package com.dengrenli.tag;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.Set;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspException;
import javax.servlet.jsp.JspWriter;
import javax.servlet.jsp.tagext.BodyTagSupport;
import com.dengrenli.util.PageBean;
public class PageTag extends BodyTagSupport {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 5327538022285881545L;
private PageBean pageBean;
public PageBean getPageBean() {
return pageBean;
}
public void setPageBean(PageBean pageBean) {
this.pageBean = pageBean;
}
@Override
public int doStartTag() throws JspException {
JspWriter out = pageContext.getOut();
try {
out.print(toHTML());
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return super.doStartTag();
}
private String toHTML() {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
// 拼接下一次发送请求所要提交的隐藏的form表单
sb.append("<form id='pageBeanForm' action='"+pageBean.getUrl()+"' method='post'>");
sb.append("<input type='hidden' name='page'>");
Map<String, String[]> paMap = pageBean.getPaMap();
if(paMap != null && paMap.size() > 0 ) {
Set<Entry<String,String[]>> entrySet = paMap.entrySet();
for (Entry<String, String[]> entry : entrySet) {
//
/**上一次请求可能携带页面 name=page 的参数,但是该参数在前面已经单独赋值
* 为什么要单独赋值呢?
* 因为上一次请求可能是第二页,意味着前后请求page对应的值是不一样的,需要单独赋值
*/
if(!"page".equals(entry.getKey())) {
/**
* <input type='hidden' name='hobby' value='1'>
* <input type='hidden' name='hobby' value='2'>
* [1,2]
*/
for (String val : entry.getValue()) {
sb.append("<input type='hidden' name='"+entry.getKey()+"' value='"+val+"'> ");
}
}
}
}
sb.append("</form>");
// 拼接分页条
sb.append("<div style='text-align: right; font-size: 12px;'>");
sb.append("每页"+pageBean.getRows()+"条,共"+pageBean.getTotal()+"条,第"+pageBean.getPage()+"页,共"+pageBean.getMaxPage()+"页 <a ");
sb.append(" href='javascript:gotoPage(1)'>首页</a> <a");
sb.append(" href='javascript:gotoPage("+pageBean.getPreviousPage()+")'>上一页</a> <a");
sb.append(" href='javascript:gotoPage("+pageBean.getNextPage()+")'>下一页</a> <a");
sb.append(" href='javascript:gotoPage("+pageBean.getMaxPage()+")'>尾页</a> <input type='text'");
sb.append(" id='skipPage'");
sb.append(" style='text-align: center; font-size: 12px; width: 50px;'> <a");
sb.append(" href='javascript:skipPage()'>Go</a>");
sb.append("</div>");
// 拼接分页所需要的jsp代码
sb.append("<script type='text/javascript'>");
sb.append(" function gotoPage(page) {");
sb.append(" document.getElementById('pageBeanForm').page.value = page;");
sb.append(" document.getElementById('pageBeanForm').submit();");
sb.append(" }");
sb.append(" function skipPage() {");
sb.append(" var page = document.getElementById('skipPage').value;");
sb.append(" if(!page || isNaN(page) || parseInt(page)<1 || parseInt(page)>"+pageBean.getMaxPage()+"){");
sb.append(" alert('请输入1~N的数字');");
sb.append(" return;");
sb.append(" }");
sb.append(" gotoPage(page);");
sb.append(" }");
sb.append("</script>");
return sb.toString();
}
}
z.tld
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<taglib xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-jsptaglibrary_2_0.xsd"
version="2.0">
<description>deng 1.1 core library</description>
<display-name>deng core</display-name>
<tlib-version>1.1</tlib-version>
<short-name>c</short-name>
<uri>/deng</uri>
<tag>
<!-- 标签库中的标签(类似c:set c:out的定义) -->
<name>page</name>
<!-- 是标签运行具体代码,也就是助手类,下面填写的是助手类的全路径名 -->
<tag-class>com.dengrenli.tag.PageTag</tag-class>
<body-content>JSP</body-content>
<attribute>
<!-- 该标签的属性 -->
<name>pageBean</name>
<!-- 该属性是否必填 -->
<required>true</required>
<!-- 是否支持表达式 -->
<rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>
</attribute>
</tag>
</taglib>
web.xml
代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" version="3.1">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFiter</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.dengrenli.util.EncodingFiter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFiter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
3、dao层去访问数据
Clazz.java
代码如下:
package com.dengrenli.entity;
public class Clazz {
private int cid;
private String cname;
private String cteacher;
private String pic = "暂无图片";
public int getCid() {
return cid;
}
public void setCid(int cid) {
this.cid = cid;
}
public String getCname() {
return cname;
}
public void setCname(String cname) {
this.cname = cname;
}
public String getCteacher() {
return cteacher;
}
public void setCteacher(String cteacher) {
this.cteacher = cteacher;
}
public String getPic() {
return pic;
}
public void setPic(String pic) {
this.pic = pic;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Clazz [cid=" + cid + ", cname=" + cname + ", cteacher=" + cteacher + ", pic=" + pic + "]";
}
}
ClazzDao.java
代码如下:
package com.dengrenli.dao;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;
import com.dengrenli.entity.Clazz;
import com.dengrenli.util.BaseDao;
import com.dengrenli.util.PageBean;
import com.dengrenli.util.StringUtils;
public class ClazzDao extends BaseDao<Clazz>{
/**
* 查询
* @throws SQLException
* @throws IllegalAccessException
* @throws InstantiationException
*/
public List<Clazz> list(Clazz clazz,PageBean pageBean) throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, SQLException{
String sql="select * from t_struts_class where true";
String cname=clazz.getCname();
int cid=clazz.getCid();
if(cid!=0) {
sql +=" and cid ="+cid;
}
if(StringUtils.isNotBlank(cname)) {
sql +=" and cname like '%"+cname+"%'";
}
return super.executeQuery(sql, Clazz.class, pageBean);
}
/**
* 增加方法
* @throws SQLException
* @throws IllegalAccessException
* @throws IllegalArgumentException
* @throws SecurityException
* @throws NoSuchFieldException
*
*/
public int add(Clazz clazz) throws NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException, IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, SQLException {
String sql="insert into t_struts_class values(?,?,?,?)";
return super.executeUpdate(sql, new String[] {"cid","cname","cteacher","pic"}, clazz);
}
/**
* 删除方法
* @param clazz
* @return
* @throws NoSuchFieldException
* @throws SecurityException
* @throws IllegalArgumentException
* @throws IllegalAccessException
* @throws SQLException
*/
public int del(Clazz clazz) throws NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException, IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, SQLException {
String sql="delete from t_struts_class where cid=?";
return super.executeUpdate(sql, new String[] {"cid"},clazz);
}
/**
* 修改
* @param clazz
* @return
* @throws NoSuchFieldException
* @throws SecurityException
* @throws IllegalArgumentException
* @throws IllegalAccessException
* @throws SQLException
*/
public int edit(Clazz clazz) throws NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException, IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, SQLException {
String sql="update t_struts_class set cname=?,cteacher=?,pic=? where cid=?";
return super.executeUpdate(sql, new String[] {"cname","cteacher","pic","cid"},clazz);
}
}
4、web层去调用dao层给前台返回数据
BaseAction.java
代码如下:
package com.dengrenli.util;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletResponseAware;
/**
* 每一个开发的子控制器要用的属性都定义在通用的action中。
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class BaseAction implements ServletRequestAware, ServletResponseAware{
/**
* 为了传值使用
*/
protected HttpServletResponse response;
protected HttpServletRequest request;
protected HttpSession session;
protected ServletContext application;
/**
* 为了配置跳转页面所用
*/
protected final static String SUCCESS = "success";
protected final static String FAIL = "fail";
protected final static String LIST = "list";
protected final static String ADD = "add";
protected final static String EDIT = "edit";
protected final static String DETAIL = "detail";
/**
* 具体传值字段 后端向jsp页面传值所用字段
*/
protected Object result;
protected Object msg;
protected int code;
public Object getResult() {
return result;
}
public Object getMsg() {
return msg;
}
public int getCode() {
return code;
}
@Override
public void setServletResponse(HttpServletResponse arg0) {
this.response = arg0;
}
@Override
public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest arg0) {
this.request = arg0;
this.session = arg0.getSession();
this.application = arg0.getServletContext();
}
}
ClazzAction.java
代码如下:
package com.dengrenli.web;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;
import com.dengrenli.dao.ClazzDao;
import com.dengrenli.entity.Clazz;
import com.dengrenli.util.BaseAction;
import com.dengrenli.util.PageBean;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
public class ClazzAction extends BaseAction implements ModelDriven<Clazz>{
private Clazz clazz=new Clazz();
private ClazzDao clazzDao=new ClazzDao();
/**
* 查询
* @return
*/
public String list() {
PageBean pageBean=new PageBean();
pageBean.setRequest(request);
try {
List<Clazz> list = this.clazzDao.list(clazz, pageBean);
request.setAttribute("clzList", list);//传参传到前台去
request.setAttribute("pageBean", pageBean);
} catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "list";
}
/*
* 跳转编辑页面(增加和修改页面)
*/
public String preSave() {
if(clazz.getCid()!=0) {//id不等于0就是有值
try {
this.result= this.clazzDao.list(clazz, null).get(0);
} catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return "preSave";
}
//增加
public String add() {
try {
this.code=this.clazzDao.add(clazz);
} catch (NoSuchFieldException | SecurityException | IllegalArgumentException | IllegalAccessException
| SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "toList";
}
//修改
public String edit() {
try {
this.clazzDao.edit(clazz);
} catch (NoSuchFieldException | SecurityException | IllegalArgumentException | IllegalAccessException
| SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "toList";
}
//删除
public String del() {
try {
this.clazzDao.del(clazz);
} catch (NoSuchFieldException | SecurityException | IllegalArgumentException | IllegalAccessException
| SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "toList";
}
@Override
public Clazz getModel() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return clazz;
}
}
5、在struts_sy.xml进行配置
struts-sy.xml
代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
<action name="/clz_*" class="com.dengrenli.web.ClazzAction" method="{1}">
<result name="list">/clzList.jsp</result>
<result name="preSave">/clzEdit.jsp</result>
<result name="toList" type="redirectAction">/clz_list</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
6、写jsp
clzList.jsp
代码如下:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%@ taglib uri="/deng" prefix="d" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>班级主界面</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>小说目录</h2>
<br>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/clz_list.action"
method="post">
班级名:<input type="text" name="cname"> <input type="submit"
value="确定">
<input type="hidden" name="rows" value="15">
</form>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/clz_preSave.action">增加</a>
<table border="1" width="100%">
<tr>
<td>编号</td>
<td>班级名称</td>
<td>教员</td>
<td>图片</td>
<td>操作</td>
</tr>
<c:forEach items="${clzList }" var="b">
<tr>
<td>${b.cid }</td>
<td>${b.cname}</td>
<td>${b.cteacher}</td>
<td>${b.pic}</td>
<td>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/clz_preSave.action?cid=${b.cid}">修改</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/clz_del.action?cid=${b.cid}">删除</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/clz_preUpload.action?cid=${b.cid}">图片上传</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
<d:page pageBean="${pageBean}"></d:page>
</body>
</html>
clzEdit.jsp
代码如下:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>书籍编辑页面</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}${result.cname == null ? '/sy/clz_add.action' : '/sy/clz_edit.action' }"method="post">
班级ID:<input type="text" name="cid" value="${result.cid}"><br>
班级名称:<input type="text" name="cname" value="${result.cname }"><br>
教员:<input type="text" name="cteacher" value="${result.cteacher}"><br>
<input type="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>
效果如图所示:
谢谢大家,多多指教!!!