【转载】Android Greendao 数据库升级，新增字段，数据丢失

原文地址： Greendao 3.X 数据库升级，新增字段，数据丢失 解决方案

项目使用到Greendao当做数据库，升级的时候遇到个问题，但新添加int类型字段的时候，数据迁移报错了，查看到是因为新增int、long类型字段的时候，给的是NOT NULL，就是说不能为空。

   数据库升级方案使用的是外国某个大神写的代码，大概思路是：

1、新建一张跟原先表一样的临时表，同时把数据也复制进去。

2、删除原先表

3、新建最新的表，将临时表数据复制进去

4、删除临时表

问题就出在第三不，如果临时表有1个字段。新表有2个字段，而且新多的字段为int类型，那么复制数据的时候，字段二（新增）是存NULL，但是其属性是不能为NULL，这就异常了，这里有个解决思路：在临时表上也给多加一个一样的字段，然后给默认值，因为有了默认值，所有当复制数据的时候就不会是NULL，亲测，可行。

代码：

    openHelper:

public class ReleaseOpenHelper extends DaoMaster.OpenHelper {
    Class<? extends AbstractDao<?,?>>[] daoClasses;

    public ReleaseOpenHelper(Context context, String name,Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
        super(context, name);
        this.daoClasses = daoClasses;
    }

    public ReleaseOpenHelper(Context context, String name, SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory factory,Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
        super(context, name, factory);
        this.daoClasses = daoClasses;
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Database db) {
        super.onCreate(db);
    }

    @Override
    public void onUpgrade(Database db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
//        super.onUpgrade(db, oldVersion, newVersion);
        if(oldVersion < newVersion){
            MigrationHelper.migrate(db,daoClasses);
        }
    }
}

   Manager：

public class DatabaseManager {
    public static final String mDBName = "xxx.db";
    private DaoSession mDaoSession = null;
    private NavModelDao favModelDao = null;
    private VideoModelDao videoModelDao = null;
    private VideoStatusModelDao videoStatusModelDao = null;
    private PlayListDao playListDao = null;
    private PlaylistDetailListDao playlistDetailListDao;



    private DatabaseManager() {
    }

    public DatabaseManager init(Context context,Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
        initDao(context,daoClasses);
        return this;
    }

    private static final class Holder {
        private static final DatabaseManager INSTANCE = new DatabaseManager();
    }

    public static DatabaseManager getInstance() {
        return Holder.INSTANCE;
    }

    private void initDao(Context context,Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
        final ReleaseOpenHelper helper = new ReleaseOpenHelper(context, mDBName,daoClasses);
        final Database db = helper.getWritableDb();
        mDaoSession = new DaoMaster(db).newSession();
        favModelDao = mDaoSession.getNavModelDao();
        videoModelDao = mDaoSession.getVideoModelDao();
        videoStatusModelDao = mDaoSession.getVideoStatusModelDao();
        playListDao = mDaoSession.getPlayListDao();
        playlistDetailListDao = mDaoSession.getPlaylistDetailListDao();


    }

    public final NavModelDao getNavDao() {
        return favModelDao;
    }
    public final VideoModelDao getVideoModelDao() {
        return videoModelDao;
    }
    public final VideoStatusModelDao getVideoStatusModelDao() {
        return videoStatusModelDao;
    }
    public final PlayListDao getVideoPlayListDao() {
        return playListDao;
    }
    public final PlaylistDetailListDao getVideoPlayListDetailDao() {
        return playlistDetailListDao;
    }
}

import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.SQLException;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.text.TextUtils;

import org.greenrobot.greendao.AbstractDao;
import org.greenrobot.greendao.database.Database;
import org.greenrobot.greendao.database.StandardDatabase;
import org.greenrobot.greendao.internal.DaoConfig;

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;


public class MigrationHelper {
    public static boolean DEBUG = true;
    private static final String SQLITE_MASTER = "sqlite_master";
    private static final String SQLITE_TEMP_MASTER = "sqlite_temp_master";

    public static void migrate(SQLiteDatabase db, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
        Database database = new StandardDatabase(db);
        migrate(database, daoClasses);
    }

    public static void migrate(Database database, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
        generateTempTables(database, daoClasses);
        dropAllTables(database, true, daoClasses);
        createAllTables(database, false, daoClasses);
        restoreData(database, daoClasses);
    }

    private static void generateTempTables(Database db, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
        for (int i = 0; i < daoClasses.length; i++) {
            String tempTableName = null;

            DaoConfig daoConfig = new DaoConfig(db, daoClasses[i]);
            String tableName = daoConfig.tablename;
            if (!isTableExists(db, false, tableName)) {
                continue;
            }
            try {
                tempTableName = daoConfig.tablename.concat("_TEMP");
                StringBuilder dropTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
                dropTableStringBuilder.append("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS ").append(tempTableName).append(";");
                db.execSQL(dropTableStringBuilder.toString());
                StringBuilder insertTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
                insertTableStringBuilder.append("CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE ").append(tempTableName);
                insertTableStringBuilder.append(" AS SELECT * FROM ").append(tableName).append(";");
                db.execSQL(insertTableStringBuilder.toString());
            } catch (SQLException e) {

            }
        }
    }

    private static boolean isTableExists(Database db, boolean isTemp, String tableName) {
        if (db == null || TextUtils.isEmpty(tableName)) {
            return false;
        }
        String dbName = isTemp ? SQLITE_TEMP_MASTER : SQLITE_MASTER;
        String sql = "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM " + dbName + " WHERE type = ? AND name = ?";
        Cursor cursor=null;
        int count = 0;
        try {
            cursor = db.rawQuery(sql, new String[]{"table", tableName});
            if (cursor == null || !cursor.moveToFirst()) {
                return false;
            }
            count = cursor.getInt(0);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (cursor != null)
                cursor.close();
        }
        return count > 0;
    }


    private static String getColumnsStr(DaoConfig daoConfig) {
        if (daoConfig == null) {
            return "no columns";
        }
        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < daoConfig.allColumns.length; i++) {
            builder.append(daoConfig.allColumns[i]);
            builder.append(",");
        }
        if (builder.length() > 0) {
            builder.deleteCharAt(builder.length() - 1);
        }
        return builder.toString();
    }


    private static void dropAllTables(Database db, boolean ifExists, @NonNull Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
        reflectMethod(db, "dropTable", ifExists, daoClasses);
    }

    private static void createAllTables(Database db, boolean ifNotExists, @NonNull Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
        reflectMethod(db, "createTable", ifNotExists, daoClasses);
    }

    /**
     * dao class already define the sql exec method, so just invoke it
     */
    private static void reflectMethod(Database db, String methodName, boolean isExists, @NonNull Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
        if (daoClasses.length < 1) {
            return;
        }
        try {
            for (Class cls : daoClasses) {
                Method method = cls.getDeclaredMethod(methodName, Database.class, boolean.class);
                method.invoke(null, db, isExists);
            }
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    private static void restoreData(Database db, Class<? extends AbstractDao<?, ?>>... daoClasses) {
        for (int i = 0; i < daoClasses.length; i++) {
            DaoConfig daoConfig = new DaoConfig(db, daoClasses[i]);
            String tableName = daoConfig.tablename;
            String tempTableName = daoConfig.tablename.concat("_TEMP");

            if (!isTableExists(db, true, tempTableName)) {
                continue;
            }


            try {
                // get all columns from tempTable, take careful to use the columns list
                List<String> columns = getColumns(db, tempTableName);
                ArrayList<String> properties = new ArrayList<>(columns.size());
                for (int j = 0; j < daoConfig.properties.length; j++) {
                    String columnName = daoConfig.properties[j].columnName;
                    if (!columns.contains(columnName)) {
                        StringBuilder insertTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
                        insertTableStringBuilder.append("ALTER TABLE "+tempTableName +" ADD COLUMN "+columnName+
                                getTableType(daoConfig.properties[j].type));
                        db.execSQL(insertTableStringBuilder.toString());
                    }
                    properties.add(columnName);
                }

                if (properties.size() > 0) {
                    final String columnSQL = TextUtils.join(",", properties);

                    StringBuilder insertTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
                    insertTableStringBuilder.append("INSERT INTO ").append(tableName).append(" (");
                    insertTableStringBuilder.append(columnSQL);
                    insertTableStringBuilder.append(") SELECT ");
                    insertTableStringBuilder.append(columnSQL);
                    insertTableStringBuilder.append(" FROM ").append(tempTableName);
                    insertTableStringBuilder.append(";");
                    db.execSQL(insertTableStringBuilder.toString());
                }
                StringBuilder dropTableStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
                dropTableStringBuilder.append("DROP TABLE ").append(tempTableName);
                db.execSQL(dropTableStringBuilder.toString());
            } catch (SQLException e) {
            }
        }
    }

    private static List<String> getColumns(Database db, String tableName) {
        List<String> columns = null;
        Cursor cursor = null;
        try {
            cursor = db.rawQuery("SELECT * FROM " + tableName + " limit 0", null);
            if (null != cursor && cursor.getColumnCount() > 0) {
                columns = Arrays.asList(cursor.getColumnNames());
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (cursor != null)
                cursor.close();
            if (null == columns)
                columns = new ArrayList<>();
        }
        return columns;
    }



    private static Object getTableType(Class<?> type){
        if(type.equals(int.class)){
            return " INTEGER DEFAULT 0";
        }
        if(type.equals(long.class)){
            return " Long DEFAULT 0";
        }
        if(type.equals(String.class)){
            return " TEXT ";
        }
        if(type.equals(boolean.class)){
            return " NUMERIC DEFAULT 0";
        }
        return " TEXT";
    }
}

    Application ：

public class MyApplication extends Application {
    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();


        DatabaseManager.getInstance().init(
                this,
                NavModelDao.class,
                PlayListDao.class,
                PlaylistDetailListDao.class,
                VideoModelDao.class,
                VideoStatusModelDao.class);

    }