Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best words for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)
Research on animal intelligence always makes us wonder just how smart humans are. 1 the fruit-fly experiments described by Carl Zimmer in the Science Times. Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter that the average fruit fly 2 to live shorter lives. This suggests that 3 bulbs burn longer, that there is a(n) 4 in not being too bright.
Intelligence, it 5 , is a high-priced option. It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow 6 the starting line because it depends on learning------a(n) 7 process------instead of instinct. Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they've apparently learned is when to 8 .
Is there an adaptive value to 9 intelligence? That's the question behind this new research. Instead of casting a wistful glance 10 at all the species we've left in the dust I.Q. -wise, it implicitly asks what the real 11 of our own intelligence might be. This is 12 the mind of every animal we've ever met.
Research on animal intelligence also makes us wonder what experiments animals would 13 on humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an owner, 14 , is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning. We believe that 15 animals ran the labs, they would test us to 16 the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for locations. They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really 17 , not merely how much of it there is. 18 , they would hope to study a(n) 19 question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in? 20 the results are inconclusive.
1. [A] Suppose [B] Consider [C] Observe [D] Imagine
2. [A] tended [B] feared [C] happened [D] threatened
3. [A] thinner [B] stabler [C] lighter [D] dimmer
4. [A] tendency [B] advantage [C] inclination [D] priority
5. [A] insists on [B] sums up [C] turns out [D] puts forward
6. [A] off [B] behind [C] over [D] along
7. [A] incredible [B] spontaneous [C] inevitable [D] gradual
8. [A] fight [B] doubt [C] stop [D] think
9. [A] invisible [B] limited [C] indefinite [D] different
10. [A] upward [B] forward [C] afterward [D] backward
11. [A] features [B] influences [C] results [D] costs
12. [A] outside [B] on [C] by [D] across
13. [A] deliver [B] carry [C] perform [D] apply
14. [A] by chance [B] in contrast [C] as usual [D] for instance
15. [A] if [B] unless [C] as [D] lest
16. [A] moderate [B] overcome [C] determine [D] reach
17. [A] at [B] for [C] after [D] with
18. [A] Above all [B] After all [C] However [D] Otherwise
19. [A] fundamental [B] comprehensive [C] equivalent [D] hostile
20. [A] By accident [B] In time [C] So far [D] Better still
答案：
1-5 BADBC 6-10 ADCBD
11-15 DBCDA 16-20 CBAAC
翻译：
对动物智能的研究总是让我们想知道人类到底有多聪明。想想卡尔·齐默在《科学时报》上描述的果蝇实验。被教导要比一般果蝇聪明的果蝇往往寿命较短。这表明调暗的灯泡燃烧的时间更长，不太聪明（明亮）是有好处的。
事实证明，智力是一个昂贵的选择。它需要更多的维护，消耗更多的燃料，离开起跑线很慢，因为它依赖学习------一个渐进的过程------而不是本能。许多其他物种都有学习的能力，它们显然已经学会了什么时候停止。
对有限的智力有适应性价值吗?这就是这项新研究背后的问题。它没有留恋地回头看那些在智商方面被我们远远抛在身后的物种，而是含蓄地问我们自己智力的真正代价可能是什么。这是我们所见过的所有动物的想法。
对动物智能的研究也让我们想知道，如果动物有机会，它们会在人类身上做什么实验。例如，每一只有主人的猫都在进行一项操作性条件反射的小规模研究。我们相信，如果动物来管理实验室，它们会测试我们的耐心、忠诚和对位置的记忆的极限。他们将试图决定人类的智力到底是用来做什么的，而不仅仅是有多少。最重要的是，他们希望研究一个基本问题:人类真的意识到他们生活的世界吗?到目前为止，结果还不确定。
| 生词 | 发音 | 释义 |
dim | 英 [dɪm] 美 [dɪm] | adj. 暗淡的，昏暗的；模糊的，看不清的；悲观的，怀疑的 vt. 使暗淡，使失去光泽；使变模糊 vi. 变模糊，变暗淡 n. 笨蛋，傻子 n. (Dim)人名；(俄)季姆；(柬)丁 [ 复数 dims 第三人称单数 dims 现在分词 dimming 过去式 dimmed 过去分词 dimmed 比较级 dimmer 最高级 dimmest ] |
bulbs | 英 [bʌlbz] 美 [bʌlbz] | n. [电] 灯泡；[植] 鳞茎；大浇斗（bulb的复数） |
tendency | 英 [ˈtendənsi] 美 [ˈtendənsi] |
[ 复数 tendencies ] |
inclination | 英 [ˌɪnklɪˈneɪʃn] 美 [ˌɪnklɪˈneɪʃn] |
[ 复数 inclinations ] |
priority | 英 [praɪˈɒrəti] 美 [praɪˈɔːrəti] | n. 优先；优先权；[数] 优先次序；优先考虑的事 |
upkeep | 英 [ˈʌpkiːp] 美 [ˈʌpkiːp] | n. 维持；维修费；保养 |
instinct | 英 [ˈɪnstɪŋkt] 美 [ˈɪnstɪŋkt] |
[ 复数 instincts ] |
casting | 英 [ˈkɑːstɪŋ] 美 [ˈkæstɪŋ] |
[ 复数 castings ] |
wistful glance | 忧郁的眼神 | |
wistful | 英 [ˈwɪstfl] 美 [ˈwɪstfl] | adj. 渴望的；沉思的，默想的；引起怀念的；不满足似的 |
implicitly | 英 [ɪmˈplɪsɪtli] 美 [ɪmˈplɪsɪtli] | adv. 含蓄地；暗中地 |
incredible | 英 [ɪnˈkredəbl] 美 [ɪnˈkredəbl] |
[ 比较级 more incredible 最高级 most incredible ] |
spontaneous | 英 [spɒnˈteɪniəs] 美 [spɑːnˈteɪniəs] | adj. 自发的；自然的；无意识的 |
inevitable | 英 [ɪnˈevɪtəbl] 美 [ɪnˈevɪtəbl] | adj. 必然的，不可避免的 |
afterwards | 英 [ˈɑːftəwədz] 美 [ˈæftərwərdz] | adv. 后来；然后 |
forward | 英 [ˈfɔːwəd] 美 [ˈfɔːrwərd] | adv. 向前地；按顺序地；迈向成功；进入显著的位置；向将来；提前；在（或向）船头 adj. 向前的；（交通工具）前面的；早的；迅速的；与将来有关的；鲁莽的；预先的 v. 发送；转寄；促进；运送 n. （运动队的）前锋；（货币的）期货协议 n. (Forward) （美、加、英、澳）福沃德（人名） [ 复数 forwards 第三人称单数 forwards 现在分词 forwarding 过去式 forwarded 过去分词 forwarded ] |
upward | 英 [ˈʌpwəd] 美 [ˈʌpwərd] |
|
backward | 英 [ˈbækwəd] 美 [ˈbækwərd] |
|
indefinite | 英 [ɪnˈdefɪnət] 美 [ɪnˈdefɪnət] | adj. 不确定的；无限的；模糊的 |
adaptive | 英 [əˈdæptɪv] 美 [əˈdæptɪv] | adj. 适应的，适合的 |
delivery | 英 [dɪˈlɪvəri] 美 [dɪˈlɪvəri] |
[ 复数 deliveries ] |
carry on |
| |
perform on | 表演；上演；演奏 | |
not merely | 不只是 | |
equivalent | 英 [ɪˈkwɪvələnt] 美 [ɪˈkwɪvələnt] |
[ 复数 equivalents ] |
hostile | 英 [ˈhɒstaɪl] 美 [ˈhɑːstl,ˈhɑːstaɪl] |
[ 比较级 more hostile 最高级 most hostile ] |
comprehensive | 英 [ˌkɒmprɪˈhensɪv] 美 [ˌkɑːmprɪˈhensɪv] |
[ 复数 comprehensives 比较级 more comprehensive 最高级 most comprehensive ] |
inconclusive | 英 [ˌɪnkənˈkluːsɪv] 美 [ˌɪnkənˈkluːsɪv] | adj. 不确定的；非决定性的；无结果的 |
above all | 最重要的是 | |
fundamental | 英 [ˌfʌndəˈmentl] 美 [ˌfʌndəˈmentl] |
[ 复数 fundamentals 比较级 more fundamental 最高级 most fundamental ] |
operant | 英 [ˈɒpərənt] 美 [ˈɑːpərənt] |
|
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