令人头疼的大作业之成绩单

（正经人谁用C语言写成绩单？' 都云作者痴，谁解其中lei ?'【doge】）

实验内容：

某班有最多不超过30人（具体人数由实际输入决定）参加期末考试，最多不超过6门（具体门数由实际输入决定）。学生成绩管理系统是一个非常实用的程序，如果能够提前学习字符文件读写操作，把用户输入的数据存盘为字符文件，下次运行时读出，就更有用了。即编程实现如下菜单驱动的学生成绩管理系统：

（1）录入学生的学号、姓名和各科考试成绩；

（2）计算每门课程的总分和平均分；

（3）计算每个学生的总分和平均分；

（4）按每个学生的总分由高到低排出名次表；

（5）按每个学生的总分由低到高排出名次表；

（6）按学号由小到大排出成绩表；

（7）按姓名的字典顺序排出成绩表；

（8）按学号查询学生排名及其考试成绩；

（9）按姓名查询学生排名及其考试成绩；

（10）按优秀（90~100）、良好（80~89）、中等（70~79）、及格（60~69）、不及格（0~59）5个类别，对每门课程分别统计每个类别的人数以及所占的百分比；

（11）输出每个学生的学号、姓名、各科考试成绩，以及每门课程的总分和平均分；

（12）将每个学生的记录信息写入文件(可选实现)；

（13）从文件中读出每个学生的记录信息并显示(可选实现)。

要求程序在输入课程门数以及所有课程名称后，先显示如下菜单，并提示用户输入选项：

1.Input record

2.Calculate total and average score of every course

3.Calculate total and average score of every student

4.Sort in descending order by total score of every student

5.Sort in ascending order by total score of every student

6.Sort in ascending order by number

7.Sort in dictionary order by name

8.Search by number

9.Search by name

10.Statistic analysis for every course

11.List record

12.Write to a file

13.Read from a file

0.Exit

Please enter your choice:

然后，根据用户输入的选项执行相应的操作。

注意：12. 13.两项不要求必须实现的。 

#include  <stdio.h>
#include  <stdlib.h>
#include  <string.h>
 
#define   MAX_LEN  10                        /* 字符串最大长度 */
#define   STU_NUM 30                       /* 最多的学生人数 */
#define   COURSE_NUM 6                     /* 最多的考试科目数 */
 
typedef struct student
{
    long num;            /* 每个学生的学号 */
    char name[MAX_LEN];                /* 每个学生的姓名 */
    float score[COURSE_NUM];    /* 每个学生COURSE_NUM门功课的成绩 */
    float sum;                    /* 每个学生的总成绩 */
    float aver;                /* 每个学生的平均成绩 */
 
} STU;
 
int Menu(void);

void ReadCourse(char course[COURSE_NUM][MAX_LEN], int m);
 
void ReadScore(STU stu[], int n, int m);
 
void AverSumofEveryStudent(STU stu[], int n, int m);
 
void AverSumofEveryCourse(STU stu[], int n, int m);
 
void SortbyScore(STU stu[], int n, int m, int (*compare)(float a, float b));
 
int Ascending(float a, float b);
 
int Descending(float a, float b);
 
void SwapFloat(float *x, float *y);
 
void SwapLong(long *x, long *y);
 
void SwapChar(char x[], char y[]);
 
void AsSortbyNum(STU stu[], int n, int m);
 
void SortbyName(STU stu[], int n, int m);
 
void SearchbyNum(STU stu[], int n, int m);
 
void SearchbyName(STU stu[], int n, int m);
 
void StatisticAnalysis(STU stu[], int n, int m);
 
void PrintScore(STU stu[], int n, int m);

void Writeto(STU stu[], int n, int m);

void Readfrom(STU stu[], int n, int m);
 
int main()
{
    char ch;
    int n = 0, m = 0;  /* 学生人数为n，课程门数为m */
    char course[COURSE_NUM][MAX_LEN];
    STU stu[STU_NUM];
    printf("Input student number(n<=30):\n", STU_NUM);
    scanf("%d", &n);
    printf("Input course number(m<=%d):\n", COURSE_NUM);
    scanf("%d", &m);
    ReadCourse(course, m);
    while (1)
    {
        ch = Menu();       /* 显示菜单，并读取用户输入 */
        switch (ch)
        {
            case 1:    
                ReadScore(stu, n, m);
                break;
            case 2:
                AverSumofEveryCourse(stu, n, m);
                break;
            case 3:
                AverSumofEveryStudent(stu, n, m);
                break;
            case 4:
                SortbyScore(stu, n, m, Descending);
                printf("Sort in descending order by score:\n");
                PrintScore(stu, n, m);
                break;
            case 5:
                SortbyScore(stu, n, m, Ascending);
                printf("Sort in ascending order by score:\n");
                PrintScore(stu, n, m);
                break;
            case 6:
                AsSortbyNum(stu, n, m);
                printf("Sort in ascending order by number:\n");
                PrintScore(stu, n, m);
                break;
            case 7:
                SortbyName(stu, n, m);
                printf("Sort in dictionary order by name:\n");
                PrintScore(stu, n, m);
                break;
 
            case 8:
                SearchbyNum(stu, n, m);
                break;
            case 9:
                SearchbyName(stu, n, m);
                break;
            case 10:
                StatisticAnalysis(stu, n, m);
                break;
            case 11:
                PrintScore(stu, n, m);
                break;
            case 12:
            	printf("NOT YET OPEN! PLEASE UNDERSTAND!\n");
            	break;
            case 13:
            	printf("NOT YET OPEN! PLEASE UNDERSTAND!\n");
            	break;
            case 0:
                printf("End of program!");
                exit(0);
            default:
                printf("Input error!\n");
        }
    }
    return 0;
}
 
 
/*  函数功能：显示菜单并获得用户键盘输入的选项 */
 
int Menu(void)
{
    int ch;
    printf("Management for Students' scores\n"
           "1.Input record\n"
           "2.Caculate total and average score of every course\n"
           "3.Caculate total and average score of every student\n"
           "4.Sort in descending order by score\n"
           "5.Sort in ascending order by score\n"
           "6.Sort in ascending order by number\n"
           "7.Sort in dictionary order by name\n"
           "8.Search by number\n"
           "9.Search by name\n"
           "10.Statistic analysis\n"
           "11.List record\n"
           "12.Write to a file\n"
           "13.Read from a file\n"
           "0.Exit\n"
           "Please Input your choice:\n");
    scanf("%d", &ch);
    return ch;
}
 
//函数功能：输入m门课程的名称 

void ReadCourse(char course[COURSE_NUM][10], int m)
{
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < m; i++)
	{
	printf("Please input No.%d course:\n", i + 1);
	scanf("%s", &course[i]);
	}
}

// 函数功能：输入n个学生的m门课成绩 
 
void ReadScore(STU stu[], int n, int m)
{
    printf("Input student's number, name and score:\n");
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
    {
        scanf("%ld%s", &stu[i].num, stu[i].name);
        for (int j = 0; j < m; ++j)
        {
            scanf("%f", &stu[i].score[j]);
        }
    }
}
 
 
// 函数功能：计算每个学生各门课程的总分和平均分 
 
void AverSumofEveryStudent(STU stu[], int n, int m)
{
    float sum2;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
    {
        sum2 = 0;
        for (int j = 0; j < m; ++j)
        {
            sum2 += stu[i].score[j];
        }
        stu[i].aver = sum2 / m;
        stu[i].sum = sum2;
        printf("student %d: sum=%.0f,aver=%.0f\n", i + 1, stu[i].sum, stu[i].aver);
    }
}
 
 
// 函数功能：计算每门课程的总分和平均分 
 
void AverSumofEveryCourse(STU stu[], int n, int m)
{
    float sum;
    for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i)
    {
        sum = 0;
        for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j)
        {
            sum += stu[j].score[i];
        }
        printf("course %d:sum=%.0f,aver=%.0f\n", i + 1, sum, sum / n);
    }
}
 
// 函数功能：按选择法将数组sum的元素值排序 
 
void SortbyScore(STU stu[], int n, int m, int (*compare)(float a, float b))
{
    int flag;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
    {
        flag = 0;
        for (int j = 0; j < n - i - 1; ++j)
        {
            if ((*compare)(stu[j].sum, stu[j + 1].sum))
            {
                SwapFloat(&stu[j].sum, &stu[j + 1].sum);
                //课程分数交换
                for (int k = 0; k < m; ++k)
                {
                    SwapFloat(&stu[j].score[k], &stu[j + 1].score[k]);
                }
                SwapFloat(&stu[j].aver, &stu[j + 1].aver);
                SwapLong(&stu[j].num, &stu[j + 1].num);
                SwapChar(stu[j].name, stu[j + 1].name);
                flag = 1;
            }
        }
        if (!flag)
        {
            break;
        }
    }
 
}
 
int Ascending(float a, float b)
{
    return a > b;
}
 
int Descending(float a, float b)
{
    return a < b;
}
 
void SwapFloat(float *x, float *y)
{
    float temp;
    temp = *x;
    *x = *y;
    *y = temp;
}
 
void SwapLong(long *x, long *y)
{
    long temp;
    temp = *x;
    *x = *y;
    *y = temp;
}
 
void SwapChar(char x[], char y[])
{
    char temp[MAX_LEN];
    strcpy(temp, x);
    strcpy(x, y);
    strcpy(y, temp);
}
 
 
// 函数功能：按选择法将数组num的元素值按从低到高排序 
 
void AsSortbyNum(STU stu[], int n, int m)
{
    int flag;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
    {
        flag = 0;
        for (int j = 0; j < n - i - 1; ++j)
        {
            if (stu[j].num > stu[j + 1].num)
            {
                SwapFloat(&stu[j].sum, &stu[j + 1].sum);
                //课程分数交换
                for (int k = 0; k < m; ++k)
                {
                    SwapFloat(&stu[j].score[k], &stu[j + 1].score[k]);
                }
                SwapFloat(&stu[j].aver, &stu[j + 1].aver);
                SwapLong(&stu[j].num, &stu[j + 1].num);
                SwapChar(stu[j].name, stu[j + 1].name);
                flag = 1;
            }
        }
        if (!flag)
        {
            break;
        }
    }
}
 
 
// 函数功能：交换法实现字符串按字典顺序排序 
 
void SortbyName(STU stu[], int n, int m)
{
    int flag;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
    {
        flag = 0;
        for (int j = 0; j < n - i - 1; ++j)
        {
            if (strcmp(stu[j].name, stu[j + 1].name) > 0)
            {
                SwapFloat(&stu[j].sum, &stu[j + 1].sum);
                //课程分数交换
                for (int k = 0; k < m; ++k)
                {
                    SwapFloat(&stu[j].score[k], &stu[j + 1].score[k]);
                }
                SwapFloat(&stu[j].aver, &stu[j + 1].aver);
                SwapLong(&stu[j].num, &stu[j + 1].num);
                SwapChar(stu[j].name, stu[j + 1].name);
                flag = 1;
            }
        }
        if (!flag)
        {
            break;
        }
    }
}
 
 
// 函数功能：按学号查找学生成绩并显示查找结果 
 
void SearchbyNum(STU stu[], int n, int m)
{
    int number, flag = 0, i;
    printf("Input the number you want to search:\n");
    scanf("%d", &number);
    for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
    {
        if (stu[i].num == number)
        {
            flag = 1;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (flag)
    {
        printf("%ld\t%s\t", stu[i].num, stu[i].name);
        for (int j = 0; j < m; ++j)
        {
            printf("%.0f\t", stu[i].score[j]);
        }
        printf("%.0f\t%.0f\n", stu[i].sum, stu[i].aver);
    } else
    {
        printf("Not found!\n");
    }
}
 
 
// 函数功能：按姓名的字典顺序排出成绩表 
 
void SearchbyName(STU stu[], int n, int m)
{
    char name2[MAX_LEN];
    int flag = 0, i;
    printf("Input the name you want to search:\n");
    scanf("%s", name2);
    for (i = 0; i < n; ++i)
    {
        if (strcmp(name2, stu[i].name) == 0)
        {
            flag = 1;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (flag)
    {
        printf("%ld\t%s\t", stu[i].num, stu[i].name);
        for (int j = 0; j < m; ++j)
        {
            printf("%.0f\t", stu[i].score[j]);
        }
        printf("%.0f\t%.0f\n", stu[i].sum, stu[i].aver);
    } else
    {
        printf("Not found!\n");
    }
}
 
//函数功能：统计各分数段的学生人数及所占的百分比 
 
void StatisticAnalysis(STU stu[], int n, int m)
{
    int a, b, c, d, e, f;
    float score;
    for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i)
    {
        a = b = c = d = e = f = 0;
        for (int j = 0; j < n; ++j)
        {
            score = stu[j].score[i];
            if (score == 100)
            {
                a++;
            } 
			else if (score >= 90 && score < 100)
            {
                b++;
            } 
			else if (score >= 80)
            {
                c++;
            } 
			else if (score >= 70)
            {
                d++;
            } 
			else if (score >= 60)
            {
                e++;
            } 
			else
            {
                f++;
            }
        }
        printf("For course %d:\n", i + 1);
        printf("<60\t%d\t%.2f%%\n", f, (float) (100 * f) / n);
        printf("%d-%d\t%d\t%.2f%%\n", 60, 69, e, (float) (100 * e) / n);
        printf("%d-%d\t%d\t%.2f%%\n", 70, 79, d, (float) (100 * d) / n);
        printf("%d-%d\t%d\t%.2f%%\n", 80, 89, c, (float) (100 * c) / n);
        printf("%d-%d\t%d\t%.2f%%\n", 90, 99, b, (float) (100 * b) / n);
        printf("%d\t%d\t%.2f%%\n", 100, a, (float) (100 * a) / n);
    }
}
 
 
// 函数功能： 打印学生成绩 
 
void PrintScore(STU stu[], int n, int m)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
    {
        printf("%ld\t%s\t", stu[i].num, stu[i].name);
        for (int j = 0; j < m; ++j)
        {
            printf("%.0f\t", stu[i].score[j]);
        }
        printf("%.0f\t%.0f\n", stu[i].sum, stu[i].aver);
    }
}

还有不完善的地方，请各位大佬批评指正，感激不尽 :)

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