Spring-Bean的实例化

前置：

BeanService.java:

public interface BeanService {}

BeanServiceImpl.java:

public class BeanServiceImpl implements BeanService {

    public BeanServiceImpl(){
        System.out.println("调用无参构造实例化");
    }

}

Spring使用xml实例化Bean的三种方式:

Ⅰ.直接创建我们需要实例化的bean标签。(默认调用无参构造函数进行实例化，没有无参构造方法则会实例化失败)

bean.xml:

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="beanService" class="BeanServiceImpl"></bean>

</beans>

测试类:

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");//读取文件获取配置信息
        
        BeanService beanService = (BeanService) ac.getBean("beanService");//获取bean

        System.out.println(beanService);
    }

}

结果:

调用无参构造实例化
BeanServiceImpl@5cb9f472

Ⅱ.通过创建实例工厂的bean标签，并指定实例方法来实例化我们需要的bean。

beans.xml:

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="staticFactory" class="StaticFactory" factory-method="createBeanService"></bean>

</beans>

StaticFactory.java:

public class StaticFactory {

    public static BeanService createBeanService(){
        System.out.println("静态工厂");
        return new BeanServiceImpl();
    }

}

测试类:

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");

        BeanService beanService = (BeanService)ac.getBean("staticFactory");

        System.out.println(beanService);
    }

}

结果:

静态工厂
调用无参构造实例化
BeanServiceImpl@64bfbc86

Ⅲ.创建实例工厂的bean标签，并创建我们需要的bean的bean标签，并将工厂bean指向实例工厂，工厂方法指向实例工厂创建bean的方法。

beans.xml:

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="instanceFactory" class="InstanceFactory"></bean>
    <bean id="beanService" factory-bean="instanceFactory" factory-method="createBeanService"></bean>
</beans>

InstanceFactory.java:

public class InstanceFactory {

    public BeanService createBeanService(){
        System.out.println("实例工厂");
        return new BeanServiceImpl();
    }

}

测试类:

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
        
        BeanService beanService = (BeanService) ac.getBean("beanService");
        
        System.out.println(beanService);
    }

}

结果:

实例工厂
调用无参构造实例化
BeanServiceImpl@64bfbc86