【C++】数据结构 struct，结构体相关操作

代码：

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;

struct Book{
    char title[50];
    char author[50];
    double price;
    int bookId;
};

void printBook(struct Book book){
    cout << "书名：" << book.title <<endl;
    cout << "作者：" << book.author <<endl;
    cout << "价格：" << book.price <<endl;
    cout << "ID：" << book.bookId <<endl;
}

int main(){
    Book book1;
    Book book2;
    
    strcpy(book1.title,"C++ 教程");
    strcpy(book1.author, "Runoob");
    book1.price = 51.50;
    book1.bookId = 123456;
    
    strcpy(book2.title, "Python 教程");
    strcpy(book2.author, "GuidoVanRossum");
    book2.price = 39.90;
    book2.bookId = 456789;
    
    printBook(book1);
    printBook(book2);
    
    return 0;
}

运行结果：

 

结构体和数组：

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

struct Book{
    string title;
    string author;
    double price;
};


int main(){
    struct Book books[3] = {
        {"C++ 教程","Runoob",51.50},
        {"Python 教程","GuidoVanRossum",39.90},
        {"人人都是量化师","fzs",42.25},

    };

    for(int i=0;i<3;i++){
        cout << "书名：" << books[i].title << "     作者：" << books[i].author << "    价格：" << books[i].price << endl;
    }

    return 0;
}

运行结果：

 

说明：

1.struct 用来给C++用户，自定义他自己的数据结构，类型为：
struct Book{
    char title[50];
    char author[50];
    double price;
    int bookId;
} book;   // 最后一个book是变量名，这是可选的，不一定要有。

2.printBook(struct Book book)，这个方法中，将结构体作为参数。

3. char型的变量，这里要指定长度，比如char title[50]，赋值时要通过strcpy来赋值，不然会报错：error: invalid conversion from ‘const char*’ to ‘char’ [-fpermissive]