安装程序启动过程：
MBR：isolinux/boot.cat
stage2: isolinux/isolinux.bin
配置文件：isolinux/isolinux.cfg
每个对应的菜单选项：
加载内核：isolinuz/vmlinuz
向内核传递参数：append initrd=initrd.img ...
装载根文件系统，并启动anaconda
默认启动GUI接口
若是显式指定使用TUI接口：向内核传递text参数即可
(1)按tab键,在后面增加text
(2)按ESC键：boot: linux text
cd /misc/cd/isolinux
cat ./isolinux.cfg
default vesamenu.c32
#prompt 1
timeout 600 # 默认倒计时:60秒
display boot.msg
menu background splash.jpg # 启动菜单项背景图片
menu title Welcome to CentOS 6.9! # 启动菜单项抬头
menu color border 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color sel 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
menu color title 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color tabmsg 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color unsel 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color hotsel 0 #ff000000 #ffffffff
menu color hotkey 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
menu color scrollbar 0 #ffffffff #00000000
label linux
menu label ^Install or upgrade an existing system
menu default # 默认启动菜单项
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img
label vesa
menu label Install system with ^basic video driver
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img nomodeset
label rescue
menu label ^Rescue installed system
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img rescue
label local
menu label Boot from ^local drive
localboot 0xffff
label memtest86
menu label ^Memory test
kernel memtest
append -
# 上面定义了启动菜单， ^定义了光标的位置
光盘引导界面：
ESC
boot:linux 正常安装 # boot: linux secure 同样时进入救援模式，参照上面对应的模式
boot:rescue 进入救援模式 # 单词拼错它不会提醒，会正常安装
boot:local 本地磁盘启动 # boot: linux text 以纯字符界面安装，而不以图形界面安装
Tab
> vmlinuz initrd=initrd.img
> vmlinuz initrd=initrd.img rescue
./isolinux/boot.cat --> MBR
./isolinux/isolinux.bin grub2阶段
ESC
boot:linux ip=172.20.0.212 netmask=255.255.0.0 repo=/http://172.20.0.1/centos/6
boot:linux ip=172.20.0.212 netmask=255.255.0.0 inst.repo=/http://172.20.0.1/centos/7
boot:linux askmethod # 手动指定安装源
观察系统中发生的事：
crtl+alt+f2 # 命令行 cat /proc/meninfo 查看内存 shift+pageup 向上翻页
crtl+alt+f3
crtl+alt+f4
ctrl+alt+f1 # 回到安装引导界面
ctrl+alt+f6 # 图形安装界面
[root@centos6 ~]# cat anaconda-ks.cfg
# Kickstart file automatically generated by anaconda.
#version=DEVEL
install
url --url=http://172.20.0.1/centos/6/ # 网络安装路径
lang en_US.UTF-8 # 语言
keyboard us # 键盘
network --onboot yes --device eth0 --bootproto dhcp --ipv6 auto # 自动获取IP地址
rootpw --iscrypted $6$HEml35/Vau88iN33$gZZ1KHmc3YdRWte6/UTqhTyXxrZw5mRCw8oNPTcKze59hTGZHsqeFo5V3zAAkDaziXPaoOBsNVunh91Y901g10
firewall --service=ssh # 防火墙 # 上面是root口令
authconfig --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512 # 加密算法
selinux --enforcing # selinux 启用
timezone Asia/Shanghai # 时区
bootloader --location=mbr --driveorder=sda --append="crashkernel=auto rhgb quiet" --password=$6$4EL3em0.czD01fy9$f.3aB1ts50BeQglkdYj7Enks3igqDK2mblsHPSajncbCvaqC.i27VzQfH8OU1etJe6djZvd4ROUgf0B/iQQeH1 # bootloader 加密口令
# The following is the partition information you requested
# Note that any partitions you deleted are not expressed # 默认把分区注释，防止自动安装损坏磁盘
# here so unless you clear all partitions first, this is
# not guaranteed to work
#clearpart --none --drives=sda
#part /boot --fstype=ext4 --size=500
#part pv.008002 --grow --size=200
#volgroup vg_centos6 --pesize=4096 pv.008002
#logvol swap --name=LogVol02 --vgname=vg_centos6 --size=2048
#logvol /data --fstype=ext4 --name=lv_data --vgname=vg_centos6 --size=20000
#logvol / --fstype=ext4 --name=lv_root --vgname=vg_centos6 --size=100000
repo --name="CentOS" --baseurl=http://172.20.0.1/centos/6/ --cost=100 # yum源路径
%packages # 最后安装的软件包，%表示包组，@表示软件包
@core
@server-policy
@workstation-policy
%end
yum install systemctl-config-kikstart
-----------------------------------------------------------
ksvalidator ks.cfg #语法检查
# Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $1$Ey7O9Rsd$lwXBMVJVT9NL3f3ViJeZc/
# Use network installation
url --url="http://172.20.0.1/centos/7"
# Firewall configuration
firewall --disabled
# System authorization information
auth --useshadow --passalgo=sha512
# Use text mode install
text
firstboot --disable
# SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled
# Network information
network --bootproto=static --device=ens33 --ip=172.20.45.36 --netmask=255.255.0.0
# Reboot after installation
reboot
# System timezone
timezone Asia/Shanghai
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --append="selinux=0" --location=mbr
# Clear the Master Boot Record
zerombr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all --initlabel
# Disk partitioning information
part /boot --fstype="xfs" --size=500
part / --fstype="xfs" --size=20000
part swap --fstype="swap" --size=2048
%packages
@base
@core
%end
-----------------------------------------------------------
systemctl set-default multi-user.target # 设置开机启动模式，开机进入字符界面
systemctl get-default # 查询现在开机启动的模式，graphical.target 开机进入图形界面
centos6:
mkdir /data/
cp /misc/cd/ /data/myiso
mkdir /data/myiso/ksdir
yum install system-config-kickstart
system-config-kickstart
cp /root/ks.cfg /data/myiso/ksdir
/data/myiso/:createrepo -g repodata/38b60f66d52704cffb8696750b2b6552438c1ace283bc2cf22408b0ba0e4cbfa-c7-x86_64-comps.xml .
/data/myiso/:find -name TRANS.TBL -exec rm {} \;
vim /data/myiso/ksdir/ks.cfg
# Use network installation
cdrom
vim /data/myiso/isolinux/isolinux.cfg
default vesamenu.c32
timeout 600
display boot.msg
# Clear the screen when exiting the menu, instead of leaving the menu displayed.
# For vesamenu, this means the graphical background is still displayed without
# the menu itself for as long as the screen remains in graphics mode.
menu clear
menu background splash.png
menu title CentOS 7
label linux
menu label ^Install CentOS
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img ks=cdrom:/ksdir/ks.cfg
label local
menu default
menu label Boot from ^local drive
localboot 0xffff
制作iso镜像
mkisofs -R -J -T -v --no-emul-boot --boot-load-size 4 --boot-info-table -V "CentOS-7.4-x86_64 everthing" -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -o /root/CentOS-7.4-x86_64-everthing.iso /data/myiso/
把u盘刻录成启动盘：
yum install syslinux
工具：/usr/bin/isohybrid
/usr/bin/isohybrid boot.iso 转换格式
然后dd制作成u盘
dd if=boot.iso of=/dev/sdb
-----------------------------------------------------------
PXE Preboot Excution Environment 预启动执行环境
安装centos7
DHCP服务实现
dhclient -d\ # 抓包前端运行，运行dhcp客户端，获取dhcp的ip地址
udp
dhcp客户端，端口号：68
dhcp服务器，端口号：67
httpd端口号：80
sshd端口号：22
tftp端口号：69
nginx端口号：80
相关协议：
Arp: ip 地址解析成mac地址
rarp: mac 地址解析成ip地址
DHCP服务器
本身:静态地址
网卡模式：仅主机模式
getenforce
iptables -vnL
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl enable firewalld
yum install dhcp
rpm -ql dhcp
systemctl status dhcp.service
systemctl start dhcpd.service
journalctl -xe 查看日志
dhcp配置文件:/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.2.5/dhcpd.conf.example /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
grep "^[^#]" /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf2`
修改配置文件：
option domain-name "magedu.org" # 域后缀
option domain-name-servers 114.114.114.114,1.1.1.1 # DNS
default-least-time 86400; # ip 有效租期
max-lease-time 100000; # 最大有效租期
subnet 192.168.30.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { # 网段；子网掩码
range 192.168.30.10 192.168.190.100; # 地址范围
option routers 192.168.30.1; # 网关
next-server 192.168.30.7; # 指定谁是tftp服务器 tftp server pxelinux.0 从中尝试去获取引导文件，
filename "pxelinux.0"; # 通过这个文件，客户端进而得到引导文件，进而启动网卡，进而从dhcp获取其他信息
} # 最后两项是和自动安装相关，如果仅仅是想获取ip,那么后面两项就用不着
systemctl restart dhcpd.service
systenctl enable dhcpd.service
systenctl status dhcpd.service
# 主机名：/etc/sysconfig/network
route -n # 路由，网关
cat /etc/resolv.conf # DNS
mac绑定ip地址：
host testclient {
hardware ethernet 00:0c:29:8a:e6:cf
fixed-address 192.168.30.6;
option routers 192.168.20.123;
option domain-name-servers 223.5.5.5;
}
systemctl restart network
-----------------------------------------------------------
tftp-server pxelinux.0
yum install tftp-server
工作目录： /var/lib/tftpboot
systemctl start tftp.service # 会把tftp对应的进程打开以及socket
systemctl start tftp.socket # 只会打开socket,对应的进程不会启动
进程和socket是分离的
systemctl is-enabled tftp # 查看开机状态
systemctl enable tftp # 开机打开socket,只是监听
tptp-server的工作目录：/var/lib/tftpboot/
服务器端：cp /etc/fstab /var/lib/tftpboot/
yum install tftp # 客户端
客户端：
tftp 192.168.30.7 #轻量级的文件传输协议
get fstab # 从tftp服务器端下载文件
-----------------------------------------------------------
yum install httpd
systemctl start httpd
systemctl enable httpd
cd /var/www/html
mkdir centos/{6,7} -pv
把光盘挂载到httpd服务器上，作为rpm包的源
vim /etc/fstab
/dev/sr0 /var/www/html/centos/7 iso9660 defualts 0 0
mount -a 自动挂载
访问：http://192.168.30.7/centos/7/Packages
mkdir ksdir/{6,7} -pv
cp /root/anaconda-ks.cfg /var/www/html/ksdir/7/ks7_desktop.cfg
chmod 644 ks7_desktop.cfg
vim ks7_desktop.cfg
url --url=http://192.168.30.7/centos/7
# Network information
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=ens33 --onboot=on --ipv6=auto --activate
network --bootproto=dhcp --device=ens34 --onboot=on --ipv6=auto
network --hostname=centos7.4
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --none --initlabel
zerombr
text # 字符安装
reboot # 开机重启
%packages
@base
@core
@autofs
%post # 安装后脚本
systemctl enable autofs
systemctl disable initial-setup.service # 关闭此服务，否则图形界面会提醒是否同意license
systemctl set-default multi-user.target # 开机进入字符界面
key 验证
ssh-keygen
ssh-copy-id 192.168.30.7
mkdir /root/.ssh
cat > /root/.ssh/authorized_keys <<EOF
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQCc1YmziZUMZ4kT/oIJQAArRYd0nk/wxqXSNv8JFz8RUZ8Hi
zyrQTntHqFcxpUILSap1EK0x2xdV39L0fVsvhakQtp3UCV6dqPXxqZPGlDF1PSv2boAtb3uuP0af9oX9NBKPo
MstJJ20f2ruTJVjte6WyjYHwPeAmq6K7k3TqdZurKP4IV6HhY7Lw1eC3sdnTzz+pyKagKDj2CnHwmA5Rhv4EW
kkbv4r/1I3xQlg+V+rxt4UxclxjsatoW0R6kYzzhjRzEWZCL/+WYdow7v0zJJWIiJduSEZrqkOmq/Ifxbc3YF
9THHS7R6+j/olXn6aDAdmBXCzQv7ZFDh50GdhLT root@centos7.4
EOF
# 拷贝公钥，装完系统后实现key验证
rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/base.repo <<EOF
[base]
name=base
baseurl=file:///misc/cd
gpgcheck=0
EOF
%end
ksvalidator ks7_desktop.cfg # 检查格式是否有错
chmod 644 ks7_desktop.cfg # 注意权限的问题
-----------------------------------------------------------
vim /etc/dhcp/dhcp.conf
删除如下几行：
mac绑定ip地址：
host testclient {
hardware ethernet 00:0c:29:8a:e6:cf
fixed-address 192.168.30.6;
option routers 192.168.20.123;
option domain-name-servers 223.5.5.5;
}
systemctl resatrt dhcpd
-----------------------------------------------------------
cd /var/lib/tftpboot/
mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/
yum install syslinux
cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/
# cp /usr/share/syslinux/vesamenu.c32 /var/lib/tftpboot/
# vesamenu.c32 此文件定义了光盘启动菜单的风格，背景图片
# 菜单的风格定义定义的路径在：/misc/cd/isolinux/isolinux.cfg 此文件的最上面：default vesamenu.c32
rpm -ql syslinux
/usr/share/syslinux/menu.c32 # 简洁的，朴素风格的蓝色背景图片
cp /usr/share/syslinux/menu.c32 /var/lib/tftpboot/
cp /misc/cd/isolinux/{vmlinuz,initrd.img} /var/lib/tftpboot/
cp /misc/cd/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
制作启动菜单：
vim /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
default menu.c32
label desktop
meun label ^Install Destop CentOS 7
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img ks=http://192.168.30.7/ksdir/7/ks7_desktop.cfg
cd /var/lib/tftpboot/
tree
.
|__ initrd.img
|__ menu.c32
|__ pxelinux.0
|__ pxelinux.cfg # 自己创建的文件夹
| |__ default # 拷贝isolinux.cfg并改名default
|__ vmlinuz
-----------------------------------------------------------
PXE安装
centos6
yum install dhcp tftp-server httpd syslinux
把服务设置为开机启动：
chkconfig httpd on
chkconfig dhcp on
chkconfig tftp on
启动服务：
service httpd start
service xinetd restart
cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/dhcpd.conf.sample /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
配置DHCP的配置文件：
vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
option domain-name-servers 114.114.114.114,1.1.1.1;
option domain-name "wanghaitao.cn.com";
default-lease-time 6000;
max-lease-time 72000;
subnet 192.168.190.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.190.10 192.168.190.100;
option routers 192.168.190.1;
next-server 192.168.190.60;
filename "pxelinux.0";
}
service dhcp start
ss -ntul
Netid State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
udp UNCONN 0 0 *:67 *:*
udp UNCONN 0 0 *:68 *:*
配置yum源：
mkdir centos/6 -pv
vim /etc/fstab
/dev/sr0 /var/www/html/centos/6/ iso9660 defaults 0 0
mkdir ksdir/6/ -pv
cp /roo/anaconda-ks.cfg ksdir/6/ks6_mini.cfg
vim ksdir/6/ks6_mini.cfg
#version=DEVEL
install
url --url=httpd://192.168.30.6/centos/6
network --onboot yes --device eth0 --bootproto dhcp --noipv6
firewall --disabled
selinux --disabled
clearpart --all
zerombr
reboot
text
%packages
@base
@core
autofs
%end
chmod 644 ks6_mini.cfg
配置tftp
mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/
yum install syslinux-nonlinux
cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/
cp /misc/cd/{initrd.img,vmlinuz} /var/lib/tftpboot/
cp /misc/cd/{boot.msg,splash,vesamenu.c32} /var/lib/tftpboot/
cp /misc/cd/isolinux.cfg /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
vim /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
default vesamenu.c32
#prompt 1
timeout 600
display boot.msg
menu background splash.jpg
menu title Welcome to CentOS 6.9!
menu color border 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color sel 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
menu color title 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color tabmsg 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color unsel 0 #ffffffff #00000000
menu color hotsel 0 #ff000000 #ffffffff
menu color hotkey 7 #ffffffff #ff000000
menu color scrollbar 0 #ffffffff #00000000
label linux
menu label ^Install or upgrade an existing system
menu default
kernel vmlinuz
append initrd=initrd.img ks=http://192.168.30.6/ksdir/6/ks6_mini.cfg
label local
menu label Boot from ^local drive
localboot 0xffff
tree
.
|__ boot.msg
|__ initrd.img
|__ pxelinux.0
|__ pxelinux.cfg
| |__ default
|__ splash.jpg
|__ vesamenu.c32
|__ vminuz
-----------------------------------------------------------
PXE安装
centos6 and centos7
yum install dhcp tftp-server httpd syslinux
准备俩个光驱：
echo '- - -' > /sys/class/scsi_host/host2/scan
echo '- - -' > /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan
lsblk
systemctl enable httpd tftp.socket
systemctl start httpd tftp.socket
cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.2.5/dhcpd.conf.example /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
subnet 192.168.30.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.30.10 192.168.30.200;
next-server 192.168.30.7;
filename "pxelinux.0"
}
systemctl start dhcpd
ss -ntlu
:67 dhcpd
:69 tftp
:80 httpd
mkdir /var/www/html/centos/{6.7} -pv
echo "/dev/sr0 /var/www/html/centos/7 iso9660 defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
echo "/dev/sr1 /var/www/html/centos/6 iso9660 defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
cat /etc/fstab
mount -a
df
mkdir /var/www/html/ksdir
cp ks6.cfg /var/www/html/ksdir
cp ks7.cfg /var/www/html/ksdir
# 记得修改应答文件
比如路径：url --url=http://192.168.30.7/centos6
url --url=http://192.168.30.7/centos7
chmod 644 /var/www/html/ksdir/* # 注意权限的问题
cd /var/lib/tftpboot
mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/
mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/centos{6,7}
cp /var/www/html/centos/6/isolinux/{initrd.img,vmlinuz} /var/lib/tftpboot/centos6/
cp /var/www/html/centos/7/isolinux/{initrd.img,vmlinuz} /var/lib/tftpboot/centos7/
cp /usr/share/syslinux/menu.c32 /var/lib/tftpboot/
cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/tftpboot/
cp /var/www/html/centos/7/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
vim /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
default menu.c32
#prompt 1
timeout 600
menu title Welcome to CentOS!
label linux 7
menu label ^Install or upgrade an existing system 7
kernel centos7/vmlinuz
append initrd=centos7/initrd.img ks=http://192.168.30.7/ksdir/ks7.cfg
label linux 6
menu label ^Install or upgrade an existing system 6
menu default
kernel centos6/vmlinuz
append initrd=centos6/initrd.img ks=http://192.168.30.6/ksdir/ks6.cfg
label local
menu label Boot from ^local drive
localboot 0xffff
tree
.
|__ centos6
| |__ initrd.img
| |__ vmlinuz
|__ centos7
| |__ initrd.img
| |__ vmlinuz
|__ menu.c32
|__ pxelinux.0
|__ pxelinux.cfg
|__ default
cobbler
yum install cobber dhcp # tftp-server httpd syslinux 等一些rpm包由于有依赖性会自动安装
systemctl enable cobblerd dhcpd httpd tftp
systemctl start cobblerd httpd tftp
:67 dhcpd
:69 tftp
:80 httpd
如何配置cobbler:
cobbler ckeck
根据提示，配置相关服务
1、vim /etc/cobbler/settings
搜索:/server:
server: 192.168.30.7 # 配置cobbler服务器的地址: 本机
systemctl restart cobblerd
2、vim /etc/cobbler/settings
搜索：/next_server
next_server: 192.168.30.7 # 配置tftp服务器的地址: 本机
3、cobbler get-loaders # 执行此命令它将自动从互联网上下载必要的文件：pxelinux.0 menu.c32...
cd /var/lib/tftpboot/
cobbler sync # 把刚刚下载的文件，同步到当前文件夹下
4、vim /etc/cobbler/settings
搜索：/default_passwd_crypted:
openssl passwd -1 -salt 'random=phrase-here'
Password: redhat
$1$random=p$q3k67BKdmlOvLaTdaZRaS.
/default_passwd_crypted: "$1$random=p$q3k67BKdmlOvLaTdaZRaS." # 生成root的加密口令，默认是："cobbler"
配置DHCP的配置文件：
vim /etc/cobbler/settings
搜索：/manage_dhcp: 0
修改：/manage_dhcp: 1 # 设置为1，表示dhcp交由cobbler管理
systemctl restart cobblerd
vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template # dhcp对应的配置文件的模板，通过此模板会自动生成dhcp的配置文件
。。。
subnet 192.168.30.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
option routers 192.168.30.1;
option domain-name-servers 1.1.1.1;
option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
range dynamic-bootp 192.168.30.100 192.168.30.254;
default-lease-time 21600;
max-lease-time 43200;
next_server 192.168.30.7
class "pxeclients" {
match if substring (option vendor-class-identifier,0,9) = "PXEClient"
...
}
}
cobbler sync # 同步，把dhcp的配置文件自动改了：/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
systemctl restart cobblerd
ss-ntul
把centos6和centos7的安装光盘都挂载好
echo '- - -' > /sys/class/scsi_host/host2/scan
mkdir /mnt/cdrom0
mkdir /mnt/cdrom1
mount /dev/sr0 /mnt/cdrom0
mount /dev/dr1 /mnt/cdrom1
cobbler导入光盘路径：
cobbler import --path=/mnt/cdrom0/ --name=CentOS-6.9-x86_64 --arch=x86_64
cobbler import --path=/mnt/cdrom0/ --name=CentOS-7.4-x86_64 --arch=x86_64
导入光盘存放路径： /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-6.9-x86_64
/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/CentOS-7.4-x86_64
删除不相关的菜单配置选项及其附属profile文件：
cobbler profile list
cobbler profile remove --name=CentOS-6.9-i386
cobbler distro list
cobbler distro remove --name=CentOS-6.9-i386
如何使用自己的应答文件：
1、修改应答文件的关键一项：
url --url=$tree # cobbler 自动找yum路径
...
2、cp ks6.cfg /var/lib/cobbler/Kickstarts/
cp ks7.cfg /var/lib/cobbler/Kickstarts/
3、cobbler profile add --name=CentOS-6.9 --distro=CentOS-6.9-x86_64 --Kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/Kickstarts/ks6.cfg
# 指定菜单中的名字 # 和原来的菜单名关联 # 指定应答文件的路径
cobbler profile add --name=CentOS-7.4 --distro=CentOS-6.9-x86_64 --Kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/Kickstarts/ks7.cfg
# 注意应答文件的权限：644
4、删除系统自带的菜单：
cobbler profile remove --name=CentOS-6.9-x86_64
cobbler profile remove --name=CentOS-7.4-x86_64
5、查看菜单项背后关联的配置文件：
cobbler profile report --name=CentOS-7.4-x86_64
cobbler profile report --name=CentOS-7.4-x86_64
--查看cobbler的帮助：cobbler profile --help
cobbler-web网页版管理：
yum install cobbler-web
systemctl restart httpd
测试:
http://192.168.190.60/cobbler_web
cobbler关于web界面的配置：
vim /etc/cobbler/modules.conf
# cobbler module configuration file
# =================================
# authentication:
# what users can log into the WebUI and Read-Write XMLRPC?
# choices:
# authn_denyall -- no one (default)
# authn_configfile -- use /etc/cobbler/users.digest (for basic setups)
# authn_passthru -- ask Apache to handle it (used for kerberos)
# authn_ldap -- authenticate against LDAP
# authn_spacewalk -- ask Spacewalk/Satellite (experimental)
# authn_pam -- use PAM facilities
# authn_testing -- username/password is always testing/testing (debug)
# (user supplied) -- you may write your own module
身份验证方法：
[authentication]
modules = authn_configfile # 默认验证方法
用户账号存放的文件：
cat /etc/cobbler/users.digest
cobbler:Cobbler:a2d6bae81669d707b72c0bd9806e01f3
增加一个新账号：
htdigest -c /etc/cobbler/users.digest Cobbler test1
Adding password for test1 in realm Cobbler.
New password: redhat
Re-type new password: redhat
cat /etc/cobbler/users.digest
test1:Cobbler:9a80d4d6fe30181ee61fc23611e6369f
3
-----------------------------------------------------------
身份验证方法2：
[authentication]
modules = authn_pam
useradd -s /sbin/nologin test2 # 单独创建一个供cobbler_web使用的系统管理员账号
echo magedu | passwd --stdin test2
vim /etc/cobbler/users.conf
#...
[admins]
admin = "test2" # 添加刚刚创建的系统账号作为管理员
cobbler = ""
systemctl restart cobbler
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