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tf.transpose函数中文意思是转置,对于低维度的转置问题,很简单,不想讨论,直接转置就好(大家看下面文档,一看就懂)。
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tf.transpose(a, perm=None, name='transpose')
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Transposes a. Permutes the dimensions according to perm.
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The returned tensor's dimension i will correspond to the input dimension perm[i]. If perm is not given, it is set to (n-1...0), where n is the rank of the input tensor. Hence by default, this operation performs a regular matrix transpose on 2-D input Tensors.
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For example:
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# 'x' is [[1 2 3]
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# [4 5 6]]
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tf.transpose(x) ==> [[1 4]
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[2 5]
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[3 6]]
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# Equivalently
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tf.transpose(x perm=[1, 0]) ==> [[1 4]
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[2 5]
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[3 6]]
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# 'perm' is more useful for n-dimensional tensors, for n > 2
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# 'x' is [[[1 2 3]
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# [4 5 6]]
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# [[7 8 9]
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# [10 11 12]]]
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# Take the transpose of the matrices in dimension-0
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tf.transpose(b, perm=[0, 2, 1]) ==> [[[1 4]
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[2 5]
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[3 6]]
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[[7 10]
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[8 11]
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[9 12]]]
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Args:
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•a: A Tensor.
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•perm: A permutation of the dimensions of a.
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•name: A name for the operation (optional).
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Returns:
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A transposed Tensor.
本文主要讨论高维度的情况:
为了形象理解高维情况,这里以矩阵组合举例:
先定义下: 2 x (3*4)表示2个3*4的矩阵,(其实,它是个3维张量)。
x = [[[1,2,3,4],[5,6,7,8],[9,10,11,12]],[[21,22,23,24],[25,26,27,28],[29,30,31,32]]]
输出:
---------------
[[[ 1 2 3 4]
[ 5 6 7 8]
[ 9 10 11 12]]
[[21 22 23 24]
[25 26 27 28]
[29 30 31 32]]]
---------------
重点来了:
tf.transpose的第二个参数perm=[0,1,2],0代表三维数组的高(即为二维数组的个数),1代表二维数组的行,2代表二维数组的列。
tf.transpose(x, perm=[1,0,2])代表将三位数组的高和行进行转置。
我们写个测试程序如下:
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import tensorflow as tf
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#x = tf.constant([[1, 2 ,3],[4, 5, 6]])
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x = [[[1,2,3,4],[5,6,7,8],[9,10,11,12]],[[21,22,23,24],[25,26,27,28],[29,30,31,32]]]
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#a=tf.constant(x)
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a=tf.transpose(x, [0, 1, 2])
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b=tf.transpose(x, [0, 2, 1])
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c=tf.transpose(x, [1, 0, 2])
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d=tf.transpose(x, [1, 2, 0])
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e=tf.transpose(x, [2, 1, 0])
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f=tf.transpose(x, [2, 0, 1])
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# 'perm' is more useful for n-dimensional tensors, for n > 2
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# 'x' is [[[1 2 3]
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# [4 5 6]]
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# [[7 8 9]
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# [10 11 12]]]
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# Take the transpose of the matrices in dimension-0
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#tf.transpose(b, perm=[0, 2, 1])
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with tf.Session() as sess:
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print ('---------------')
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print (sess.run(a))
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print ('---------------')
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print (sess.run(b))
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print ('---------------')
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print (sess.run(c))
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print ('---------------')
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print (sess.run(d))
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print ('---------------')
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print (sess.run(e))
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print ('---------------')
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print (sess.run(f))
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print ('---------------')
我们期待的结果是得到如下矩阵:
a: 2 x 3*4
b: 2 x 4*3
c: 3 x 2*4
d: 3 x 4*2
e: 4 x 3*2
f: 4 x 2*2
运行脚本,结果一致,如下:
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---------------
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[[[ 1 2 3 4]
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[ 5 6 7 8]
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[ 9 10 11 12]]
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[[21 22 23 24]
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[25 26 27 28]
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[29 30 31 32]]]
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---------------
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[[[ 1 5 9]
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[ 2 6 10]
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[ 3 7 11]
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[ 4 8 12]]
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[[21 25 29]
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[22 26 30]
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[23 27 31]
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[24 28 32]]]
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---------------
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[[[ 1 2 3 4]
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[21 22 23 24]]
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[[ 5 6 7 8]
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[25 26 27 28]]
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[[ 9 10 11 12]
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[29 30 31 32]]]
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---------------
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[[[ 1 21]
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[ 2 22]
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[ 3 23]
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[ 4 24]]
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[[ 5 25]
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[ 6 26]
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[ 7 27]
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[ 8 28]]
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[[ 9 29]
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[10 30]
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[11 31]
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[12 32]]]
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---------------
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[[[ 1 21]
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[ 5 25]
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[ 9 29]]
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[[ 2 22]
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[ 6 26]
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[10 30]]
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[[ 3 23]
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[ 7 27]
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[11 31]]
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[[ 4 24]
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[ 8 28]
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[12 32]]]
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---------------
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[[[ 1 5 9]
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[21 25 29]]
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[[ 2 6 10]
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[22 26 30]]
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[[ 3 7 11]
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[23 27 31]]
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[[ 4 8 12]
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[24 28 32]]]
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---------------
最后,总结下:
[0, 1, 2]是正常显示,那么交换哪两个数字,就是把对应的输入张量的对应的维度对应交换即可。
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