ADC定时采集上报数据

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最新推荐文章于 2024-06-10 21:57:03 发布

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在PingPong例程的基础上完成内部MCU温度，VBAT定压以及外部ADC的定时采集上报。
了解STM32WLE5的ADC采样、软件定时和LoRa私有发送和接收的方法。便于使用STM32WLE5构建与传统的串口LoRa模块类似的点对点，点对多点的采集上报应用。

由于STM32WLE5集成的是Semtech的SX1262内核，因此在频点一致、LoRa参数一致的情况下STM32WLE5能够与SX1268、SX1262完全兼容，实现互联互通。

在这里插入图片描述

数据上报格式

数据格式采样常规的TLV格式，定义如下：
在这里插入图片描述
发送端发送时需要指明远端ID，一般0xFFFF作为广播地址。
接收端匹配ID，是发给自己的或者广播地址的解析并输出，不是自己的则丢弃。

ADC采集

ADC采集设计adc.c和adc_if.c两个文件。

ADC的初始化
adc.c为CubeMX生产的初始化文件。为了提高采集精度，我们使用过采样处理。修改后的初始化参数如此：

void MX_ADC_Init(void)
{
	 /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE END ADC_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC_Init 1 */

  /* USER CODE END ADC_Init 1 */
  /** Configure the global features of the ADC (Clock, Resolution, Data Alignment and number of conversion)
  */
  hadc.Instance = ADC;
  hadc.Init.ClockPrescaler = ADC_CLOCK_SYNC_PCLK_DIV4;
  hadc.Init.Resolution = ADC_RESOLUTION_12B;
  hadc.Init.DataAlign = ADC_DATAALIGN_RIGHT;
  hadc.Init.ScanConvMode = ADC_SCAN_DISABLE;
  hadc.Init.EOCSelection = ADC_EOC_SINGLE_CONV;
  hadc.Init.LowPowerAutoWait = DISABLE;
  hadc.Init.LowPowerAutoPowerOff = DISABLE;
  hadc.Init.ContinuousConvMode = DISABLE;
  hadc.Init.NbrOfConversion = 1;
  hadc.Init.DiscontinuousConvMode = DISABLE;
  hadc.Init.ExternalTrigConv = ADC_SOFTWARE_START;
  hadc.Init.ExternalTrigConvEdge = ADC_EXTERNALTRIGCONVEDGE_NONE;
  hadc.Init.DMAContinuousRequests = DISABLE;
  hadc.Init.Overrun = ADC_OVR_DATA_PRESERVED;
  hadc.Init.SamplingTimeCommon1 = ADC_SAMPLETIME_160CYCLES_5;
  hadc.Init.SamplingTimeCommon2 = ADC_SAMPLETIME_160CYCLES_5;
 // hadc.Init.OversamplingMode = DISABLE;
   hadc.Init.OversamplingMode = ENABLE;
  hadc.Init.Oversampling.Ratio = ADC_OVERSAMPLING_RATIO_16;
  hadc.Init.Oversampling.RightBitShift = ADC_RIGHTBITSHIFT_4;
  hadc.Init.Oversampling.TriggeredMode = ADC_TRIGGEREDMODE_SINGLE_TRIGGER;
  hadc.Init.TriggerFrequencyMode = ADC_TRIGGER_FREQ_HIGH;
  if (HAL_ADC_Init(&hadc) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC_Init 2 */

  /* USER CODE END ADC_Init 2 */
}

ADC采集
参照ST的例程为了低功耗处理构建ADC_ReadChannels(uint32_t channel)，每次获取adc数据是先进行adc的初始化，在进行数据采集，最后释放adc资源。adc_if.c内容如下：

/* USER CODE END Header */

/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "adc_if.h"
#include "sys_app.h"

/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */

/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* External variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
  * @brief ADC handle
  */
extern ADC_HandleTypeDef hadc;
/* USER CODE BEGIN EV */

/* USER CODE END EV */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
#define TEMPSENSOR_TYP_CAL1_V          (( int32_t)  760)        /*!< Internal temperature sensor, parameter V30 (unit: mV). Refer to device datasheet for min/typ/max values. */
#define TEMPSENSOR_TYP_AVGSLOPE        (( int32_t) 2500)        /*!< Internal temperature sensor, parameter Avg_Slope (unit: uV/DegCelsius). Refer to device datasheet for min/typ/max values. */

/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */

/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */

/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
/**
  * @brief This function reads the ADC channel
  * @param channel channel number to read
  * @return adc measured level value
  */
static uint32_t ADC_ReadChannels(uint32_t channel);

/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Exported functions --------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN EF */

/* USER CODE END EF */

void SYS_InitMeasurement(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN SYS_InitMeasurement_1 */

  /* USER CODE END SYS_InitMeasurement_1 */
  hadc.Instance = ADC;
  /* USER CODE BEGIN SYS_InitMeasurement_2 */

  /* USER CODE END SYS_InitMeasurement_2 */
}

void SYS_DeInitMeasurement(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN SYS_DeInitMeasurement_1 */

  /* USER CODE END SYS_DeInitMeasurement_1 */
}

int16_t SYS_GetTemperatureLevel(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN SYS_GetTemperatureLevel_1 */

  /* USER CODE END SYS_GetTemperatureLevel_1 */
  int16_t temperatureDegreeC = 0;
  uint32_t measuredLevel = 0;
  uint16_t batteryLevelmV = SYS_GetBatteryLevel();

  measuredLevel = ADC_ReadChannels(ADC_CHANNEL_TEMPSENSOR);

  /* convert ADC level to temperature */
  /* check whether device has temperature sensor calibrated in production */
  if (((int32_t)*TEMPSENSOR_CAL2_ADDR - (int32_t)*TEMPSENSOR_CAL1_ADDR) != 0)
  {
    /* Device with temperature sensor calibrated in production:
       use device optimized parameters */
    temperatureDegreeC = __LL_ADC_CALC_TEMPERATURE(batteryLevelmV,
                                                   measuredLevel,
                                                   LL_ADC_RESOLUTION_12B);
  }
  else
  {
    /* Device with temperature sensor not calibrated in production:
       use generic parameters */
    temperatureDegreeC = __LL_ADC_CALC_TEMPERATURE_TYP_PARAMS(TEMPSENSOR_TYP_AVGSLOPE,
                                                              TEMPSENSOR_TYP_CAL1_V,
                                                              TEMPSENSOR_CAL1_TEMP,
                                                              batteryLevelmV,
                                                              measuredLevel,
                                                              LL_ADC_RESOLUTION_12B);
  }

  APP_LOG(TS_ON, VLEVEL_L, "temp= %d\n\r", temperatureDegreeC);

  /* from int16 to q8.7*/
  temperatureDegreeC <<= 8;

  return (int16_t) temperatureDegreeC;
  /* USER CODE BEGIN SYS_GetTemperatureLevel_2 */

  /* USER CODE END SYS_GetTemperatureLevel_2 */
}

uint16_t SYS_GetBatteryLevel(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN SYS_GetBatteryLevel_1 */

  /* USER CODE END SYS_GetBatteryLevel_1 */
  uint16_t batteryLevelmV = 0;
  uint32_t measuredLevel = 0;

  measuredLevel = ADC_ReadChannels(ADC_CHANNEL_VREFINT);

  if (measuredLevel == 0)
  {
    batteryLevelmV = 0;
  }
  else
  {
    if ((uint32_t)*VREFINT_CAL_ADDR != (uint32_t)0xFFFFU)
    {
      /* Device with Reference voltage calibrated in production:
         use device optimized parameters */
      batteryLevelmV = __LL_ADC_CALC_VREFANALOG_VOLTAGE(measuredLevel,
                                                        ADC_RESOLUTION_12B);
    }
    else
    {
      /* Device with Reference voltage not calibrated in production:
         use generic parameters */
      batteryLevelmV = (VREFINT_CAL_VREF * 1510) / measuredLevel;
    }
  }

  return batteryLevelmV;
  /* USER CODE BEGIN SYS_GetBatteryLevel_2 */

  /* USER CODE END SYS_GetBatteryLevel_2 */
}

/* Private Functions Definition -----------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PrFD */
uint16_t GetADC_PA11(void)
{
	return ADC_ReadChannels(ADC_CHANNEL_7);
}
/* USER CODE END PrFD */

static uint32_t ADC_ReadChannels(uint32_t channel)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC_ReadChannels_1 */

  /* USER CODE END ADC_ReadChannels_1 */
  uint32_t ADCxConvertedValues = 0;
  ADC_ChannelConfTypeDef sConfig = {0};

  MX_ADC_Init();

  /* Start Calibration */
  if (HAL_ADCEx_Calibration_Start(&hadc) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  /* Configure Regular Channel */
  sConfig.Channel = channel;
  sConfig.Rank = ADC_REGULAR_RANK_1;
  sConfig.SamplingTime = ADC_SAMPLINGTIME_COMMON_1;
  if (HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&hadc, &sConfig) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  if (HAL_ADC_Start(&hadc) != HAL_OK)
  {
    /* Start Error */
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Wait for end of conversion */
  HAL_ADC_PollForConversion(&hadc, HAL_MAX_DELAY);

  /** Wait for end of conversion */
  HAL_ADC_Stop(&hadc) ;   /* it calls also ADC_Disable() */

  ADCxConvertedValues = HAL_ADC_GetValue(&hadc);

  HAL_ADC_DeInit(&hadc);

  return ADCxConvertedValues;
  /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC_ReadChannels_2 */

  /* USER CODE END ADC_ReadChannels_2 */
}

对应的adc_if.h

/* Define to prevent recursive inclusion -------------------------------------*/
#ifndef __ADC_IF_H__
#define __ADC_IF_H__

#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "adc.h"
#include "platform.h"

/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */

/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Exported types ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN ET */

/* USER CODE END ET */

/* Exported constants --------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
  * @brief Battery level in mV
  */
#define BAT_CR2032                  ((uint32_t) 3000)
/**
  * @brief Maximum battery level in mV
  */
#define VDD_BAT                     BAT_CR2032
/**
  * @brief Minimum battery level in mV
  */
#define VDD_MIN                     1800

/* USER CODE BEGIN EC */

/* USER CODE END EC */

/* External variables --------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN EV */

/* USER CODE END EV */

/* Exported macro ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN EM */

/* USER CODE END EM */

/* Exported functions prototypes ---------------------------------------------*/

/**
  * @brief  Initializes the ADC input
  */
void SYS_InitMeasurement(void);

/**
  * @brief DeInitializes the ADC
  */
void SYS_DeInitMeasurement(void);

/**
  * @brief  Get the current temperature
  * @return value temperature in degree Celsius( q7.8 )
  */
int16_t SYS_GetTemperatureLevel(void);

/**
  * @brief Get the current battery level
  * @return value battery level in linear scale
  */
uint16_t SYS_GetBatteryLevel(void);

uint16_t GetADC_PA11(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN EFP */

/* USER CODE END EFP */

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif

#endif /* __ADC_IF_H__ */

PingPong例程中已经提供了完整的低功耗处理框架，用户只需要打开应用低功耗定义即可进行测试。进行扩展时，用户只需在自己开发的功能模块，增加低功耗处理即可完成整个工程的低功耗处理，大大降低用户的开发难度。

低功耗模式选择

STM32WLE5具有Run、Sleep、LPRun、LPSleep、Stop0、Stop1、Stop2、Standby、Shutdown这些丰富的工作模式可供选择。
在这里插入图片描述

低功耗模式选择

电池供电传感器一般都是定时上报工作模式，因此我们需要一个定时器；再者，我们希望唤醒后能够保持原来的参数，继续执行原来的程序。基于这两点选择了RTC+STOP2模式。
RTC+STOP2模式的典型电流1uA，也符合大部分应用场景的预期。
在这里插入图片描述

低功耗处理简介

低功耗处理集中实现了各个独立模块的低功耗处理需求，并在系统进入空闲模式时管理这些低功耗任务。
例如，当UART2的DMA用于向控制台打印数据时，系统不得进入低于睡眠模式的低功耗模式，因为DMA时钟在停止模式下关闭。
每个需要低功耗管理的模块需要在utilitie_def.h中定义一个ID，最多可以定义32个ID。如下所示：

typedef enum
{
	CFG_LPM_APPLi_id,
	CFG_LPM_UART_TX_id,
}CFG_LPM_Id_t;

低功耗处理

比如UART2的输出ID为CFG_LPM_UART_TX_id。
每次调用打印输出是调用UTIL_ADV_TRACE_PreSendHook()禁止MCU进入STOP模式，在DMA处理完成后，并且判断队列里没有数据继续输出时调用UTIL_ADC_TRACE_PoetSendHook()允许MCU进入STOP模式。

当所有ID都允许MCU进入低功耗时,MCU才会进入低功耗模式。
在序列调度的空闲时真正的执行进入低功耗工作。

void UTIL_SEQ_Idle(void)
{
	UTIL_LPM_EnterLowPower();
}

UTIL_LPM_EnterLowPower()的实现位于stm32_lpm.c，具体的执行动作UTIL_PowerDriver.EnterXXXMode的实现位于stm32_lpm_if.c。

void UTIL_LPM_EnterLowPower(void)
{
	UTIL_LPM_ENTER_CRITICAL_SECTION_ELP( );

  if( StopModeDisable != UTIL_LPM_NO_BIT_SET )
  {
    /**
     * At least one user disallows Stop Mode
     * SLEEP mode is required
     */
      UTIL_PowerDriver.EnterSleepMode( );
      UTIL_PowerDriver.ExitSleepMode( );
  }
  else
  { 
    if( OffModeDisable != UTIL_LPM_NO_BIT_SET )
    {
      /**
       * At least one user disallows Off Mode
       * STOP mode is required
       */
        UTIL_PowerDriver.EnterStopMode( );
        UTIL_PowerDriver.ExitStopMode( );
    }
    else
    {
      /**
       * OFF mode is required
       */
      UTIL_PowerDriver.EnterOffMode( );
      UTIL_PowerDriver.ExitOffMode( );
    }
  }
  
  UTIL_LPM_EXIT_CRITICAL_SECTION_ELP( );
}

打开低功耗使能

系统应用的低功耗控制ID为CFG_LPM_APPLI_id，在SystemApp_Init(void)中进行配置。如下：

UTIL_LPM_SetOffMode((1 << CFG_LPM_APPLI_Id),UTIL_LPM_DISABLE);

#if defined (LOW_POWER_DISABLE) && (LOW_POWER_DISABLE == 1)
  /* Disable Stop Mode */
  UTIL_LPM_SetStopMode((1 << CFG_LPM_APPLI_Id), UTIL_LPM_DISABLE);
#elif !defined (LOW_POWER_DISABLE)
#error LOW_POWER_DISABLE not defined
#endif /* LOW_POWER_DISABLE */

宏LOW_POWER_DISABLE宏定义于sys_conf.h中，将其修改为“0”
/**
  * @brief Disable Low Power mode
  * @note  0: LowPowerMode enabled. MCU enters stop2 mode, 1: LowPowerMode disabled. MCU enters sleep mode only
  */
#define LOW_POWER_DISABLE           0

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ADC定时采集上报数据

低功耗处理集中实现了各个独立模块的低功耗处理需求，并在系统进入空闲模式时管理这些低功耗任务。例如，当UART2的DMA用于向控制台打印数据时，系统不得进入低于睡眠模式的低功耗模式，因为DMA时钟在停止模式下关闭。每个需要低功耗管理的模块需要在utilitie_def.h中定义一个ID，最多可以定义32个ID。
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