Openstack单节点部署U版

基本环节配置

1.网络环境(所有节点文件相同)

对于控制节点编辑 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-（网卡名)
DEVICE=网卡名
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=“yes”
BOOTPROTO=“none”

编辑 /etc/hosts，添加当前节点内网ip
# controller
10.0.0.11（当前节点ip） controller

chrony 网络时间同步协议
yum install chrony

编辑/etc/chrony.conf，启动时间同步
server 服务器ip iburst

为使其他节点能够连接， 编辑/etc/chrony.conf，配置子网
例子：10.0.0.0/24

验证同步
chronyc sources

添加仓库（当安装 Ussuri release时）
yum install centos-release-openstack-ussuri
yum config-manager --set-enabled PowerTools

安装OpenStack client
yum upgrade
yum install python3-openstackclient

安装数据库
yum install mariadb mariadb-server python2-PyMySQL

创建并编辑/etc/my.cnf.d/openstack.cnf
[mysqld]
bind-address = 10.0.0.11(当前节点ip)

default-storage-engine = innodb
innodb_file_per_table = on
max_connections = 4096
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
character-set-server = utf8

设置数据库并重启
systemctl enable mariadb.service
systemctl start mariadb.service

设置数据库root密码
mysql_secure_installation

安装消息队列
yum install rabbitmq-server

设置消息队列服务并启动
systemctl enable rabbitmq-server.service
systemctl start rabbitmq-server.service

消息添加用户设置密码
rabbitmqctl add_user openstack (密码)

消息队列权限设置
rabbitmqctl set_permissions openstack “." ".” “.*”

下载缓存
yum install memcached python3-memcached
编辑 /etc/sysconfig/memcached
OPTIONS="-l 127.0.0.1,::1,controller"

设置缓存并启动
systemctl enable memcached.service
systemctl start memcached.service

安装key-value 数据库etcd
yum install etcd

vi /etc/etcd/etcd.conf
#[Member]
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS=“http://10.0.0.11:2380”
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS=“http://10.0.0.11:2379”
ETCD_NAME=“controller”
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS=“http://10.0.0.11:2380”
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS=“http://10.0.0.11:2379”
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER=“controller=http://10.0.0.11:2380”
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN=“etcd-cluster-01”
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE=“new”

设置服务并启动
systemctl enable etcd
systemctl start etcd

#关闭SELinux
setenforce 0
sed -i “s/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g” /etc/selinux/config#

关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld

Keystone 验证服务

创建数据库
mysql -u root -p
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE keystone;
创建用户并设置权限
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO ‘keystone’@‘localhost’
IDENTIFIED BY ‘KEYSTONE_DBPASS’;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO ‘keystone’@’%’
IDENTIFIED BY ‘KEYSTONE_DBPASS’;

安装keystone和所需的包
yum install openstack-keystone httpd mod_wsgi
修改/etc/keystone/keystone.conf

[database]
# …
connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:(密码)@controller/keystone
[token]
# …
provider = fernet

补充身份服务数据库
su -s /bin/sh -c “keystone-manage db_sync” keystone

初始化Fernet密钥存储库:
keystone-manage fernet_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone
keystone-manage credential_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone

启动验证服务
keystone-manage bootstrap --bootstrap-password 123456
–bootstrap-admin-url http://controller:5000/v3/
–bootstrap-internal-url http://controller:5000/v3/
–bootstrap-public-url http://controller:5000/v3/
–bootstrap-region-id RegionOne

配置Apache HTTP server
修改/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
ServerName controller

创建链接
ln -s /usr/share/keystone/wsgi-keystone.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/

设置并启动服务
systemctl enable httpd.service
systemctl start httpd.service

创建管理账号
export OS_USERNAME=admin
export OS_PASSWORD=123456
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3

Nova 计算资源管理

创建数据库
mysql -u root -p

CREATE DATABASE nova_api;
CREATE DATABASE nova;
CREATE DATABASE nova_cell0;

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO ‘nova’@‘localhost’
IDENTIFIED BY ‘123456’;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO ‘nova’@’%’
IDENTIFIED BY ‘123456’;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO ‘nova’@‘localhost’
IDENTIFIED BY ‘123456’;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO ‘nova’@’%’
IDENTIFIED BY ‘123456’;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO ‘nova’@‘localhost’
IDENTIFIED BY ‘123456’;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO ‘nova’@’%’
IDENTIFIED BY ‘123456’;

yum install openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-conductor
openstack-nova-novncproxy openstack-nova-scheduler

编辑/etc/nova/nova.conf文件并完成以下操作：
[DEFAULT]
# …
enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata

[api_database]
# …
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:NOVA_DBPASS@controller/nova_api

[database]
# …
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:NOVA_DBPASS@controller/nova

[DEFAULT]
# …
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@controller:5672/

[api]
# …
auth_strategy = keystone

[keystone_authtoken]
# …
www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000/
auth_url = http://controller:5000/
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = NOVA_PASS

[DEFAULT]
# …
my_ip = ip

修改/etc/nova/nova.conf
[vnc]
enabled = true
# …
server_listen = $my_ip
server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip

[glance]
# …
api_servers = http://controller:9292

[oslo_concurrency]
# …
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp

填充nova-api数据库：
su -s /bin/sh -c “nova-manage api_db sync” nova
注册cell0数据库：
su -s /bin/sh -c “nova-manage cell_v2 map_cell0” nova
创建cell1单元格：
su -s /bin/sh -c “nova-manage cell_v2 create_cell --name=cell1 --verbose” nova
填充nova数据库：
su -s /bin/sh -c “nova-manage db sync” nova
验证nova cell0和cell1是否正确注册：
su -s /bin/sh -c “nova-manage cell_v2 list_cells” nova

启动Compute服务并将其配置为在系统启动时启动：
# systemctl enable \
openstack-nova-api.service \
openstack-nova-scheduler.service \
openstack-nova-conductor.service \
openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
# systemctl start \
openstack-nova-api.service \
openstack-nova-scheduler.service \
openstack-nova-conductor.service \
openstack-nova-novncproxy.service

验证
. admin-openrc
openstack compute service list
openstack catalog list
openstack image list
nova-status upgrade check
[placement]
# …
region_name = RegionOne
project_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = Default
auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
username = placement
password = PLACEMENT_PASS

Neutron 网络

官方文档是使用的桥接，比较简单，但是只是几个基本组件练手是没有问题的
yum install openstack-neutron openstack-neutron-ml2
openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables

编辑 /etc/neutron/neutron.conf
[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://neutron:密码@controller/neutron

[DEFAULT]
core_plugin = ml2
service_plugins =

transport_url = rabbit://openstack:密码@controller
auth_strategy = keystone
notify_nova_on_port_status_changes = true
notify_nova_on_port_data_changes = true

[keystone_authtoken]
www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:5000
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = 密码

[nova]
auth_url = http://controller:5000
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = nova
password = 密码

[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/neutron/tmp

编辑/etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini
[ml2]
type_drivers = flat,vlan,vxlan
tenant_network_types = vxlan
mechanism_drivers = linuxbridge,l2population
extension_drivers = port_security

[ml2_type_flat]
flat_networks = provider
vni_ranges = 1:1000

[securitygroup]
enable_ipset = true

编辑 /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini
[linux_bridge]
physical_interface_mappings = provider:网卡名

[vxlan]
enable_vxlan = true
local_ip = OVERLAY_INTERFACE_IP_ADDRESS
l2_population = true

[securitygroup]
enable_security_group = true
firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver

在文件/etc/sysctl.conf后追加
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables=1

编辑/etc/neutron/l3_agent.ini
[DEFAULT]
interface_driver = linuxbridge
interface_driver = linuxbridge
dhcp_driver = neutron.agent.linux.dhcp.Dnsmasq
enable_isolated_metadata = true

编辑 /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini
[DEFAULT]
# …
nova_metadata_host = controller
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = 密钥

编辑 /etc/nova/nova.conf
[neutron]
# …
auth_url = http://controller:5000
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = 123456
service_metadata_proxy = true
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = 密钥

创建链接
ln -s /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini /etc/neutron/plugin.ini

合并数据库
su -s /bin/sh -c “neutron-db-manage --config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf
–config-file /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini upgrade head” neutron

启动服务
systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service

systemctl enable neutron-server.service
neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service
neutron-metadata-agent.service
systemctl start neutron-server.service
neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service
neutron-metadata-agent.service
systemctl enable neutron-l3-agent.service
systemctl start neutron-l3-agent.service

验证
openstack network agent list

placement

创建数据库
mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE placement;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON placement.* TO ‘placement’@‘localhost’
IDENTIFIED BY ‘PLACEMENT_DBPASS’;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON placement.* TO ‘placement’@’%’
IDENTIFIED BY ‘PLACEMENT_DBPASS’;

创建服务 用户 端点
. admin-openrc
openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt placement
openstack role add --project service --user placement admin
openstack service create --name placement
–description “Placement API” placement
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne
placement public http://controller:8778
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne
placement internal http://controller:8778
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne
placement admin http://controller:8778

安装包
yum install openstack-placement-api

修改 /etc/placement/placement.conf
[placement_database]
# …
connection = mysql+pymysql://placement:PLACEMENT_DBPASS@controller/placement

[api]
# …
auth_strategy = keystone

[keystone_authtoken]
# …
auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = placement
password = PLACEMENT_PASS

<Directory /usr/bin> #此处是bug，必须添加下面的配置来启用对placement api的访问，否则在访问apache的
= 2.4> api时会报403；添加在文件的最后即可
Require all granted

<IfVersion < 2.4> #apache版本；允许apache访问/usr/bin目录；否则/usr/bin/placement-api将
Order allow,deny 不允许被访问
Allow from all #允许apache访问

合并数据库
su -s /bin/sh -c “placement-manage db sync” placement
重启服务
systemctl restart httpd

验证
. admin-openrc
placement-status upgrade check
pip install osc-placement
openstack --os-placement-api-version 1.2 resource class list --sort-column name
openstack --os-placement-api-version 1.6 trait list --sort-column name

glance 镜像服务

创建数据库
CREATE DATABASE glance;
创建用户并设置权限
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO ‘glance’@‘localhost’
IDENTIFIED BY ‘GLANCE_DBPASS’;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO ‘glance’@’%’
IDENTIFIED BY ‘GLANCE_DBPASS’;

源管理凭证进入admin-only CLI命令:
. admin-openrc
创建glance用户:
openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt glance
管理角色添加到glane用户和服务项目:
openstack role add --project service --user glance admin

创建glance服务实例
openstack service create --name glance
–description “OpenStack Image” image

创建image服务API端点
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne
image public http://controller:9292
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne
image internal http://controller:9292
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne
image admin http://controller:9292

安装包
yum install openstack-glance
编辑/etc/glance/glance-api.conf
[database]
# …
connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:镜像服务数据库的密码@controller/glance
在[keystone_authtoken]和[paste_deploy]部分,配置身份服务访问
[keystone_authtoken]
# …
www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:5000
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = Default
user_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
username = glance
password = 密码
[paste_deploy]
# …
flavor = keystone
[glance_store]

# …
stores = file,http
default_store = file
filesystem_store_datadir = /var/lib/glance/images/

迁移镜像服务数据库
su -s /bin/sh -c “glance-manage db_sync” glance

设置服务并启动
systemctl enable openstack-glance-api.service
systemctl start openstack-glance-api.service

获取CLi管理凭证
. admin-openrc
下载图片
wget http://download.cirros-cloud.net/0.4.0/cirros-0.4.0-x86_64-disk.img
上传图片到图片服务使用QCOW2磁盘格式,裸露的容器格式,和公共可见性所以所有的项目都可以访问:
glance image-create --name “cirros”
–file cirros-0.4.0-x86_64-disk.img
–disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare
–visibility=public
查看图片
glance image-list

horizon 配置dashboard
安装包
yum install openstack-dashboard

编辑 /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings

OPENSTACK_HOST = “controller”
# 设置允许访问的ip，可以设置为[*]
ALLOWED_HOSTS = [‘one.example.com’, ‘two.example.com’]
# 配置缓存
SESSION_ENGINE = ‘django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache’
CACHES = {
‘default’: {
‘BACKEND’: ‘django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache’,
‘LOCATION’: ‘controller:11211’,
}
}
# 开启v3 api认证
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_URL = “http://%s/identity/v3” % OPENSTACK_HOST
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_MULTIDOMAIN_SUPPORT = True
# 配置api版本
OPENSTACK_API_VERSIONS = {
“identity”: 3,
“image”: 2,
“volume”: 3,
}
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_DOMAIN = “Default”
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_ROLE = “user”
# 有两种网络，1提供者网络2自助网络，用提供者网络无法使用三层网络服务
# 我们前面使用的自助网络
OPENSTACK_NEUTRON_NETWORK = {
…
‘enable_router’: False,
‘enable_quotas’: False,
‘enable_distributed_router’: False,
‘enable_ha_router’: False,
‘enable_lb’: False,
‘enable_firewall’: False,
‘enable_vpn’: False,
‘enable_fip_topology_check’: False,
}
# 设置时区 上海：CN
TIME_ZONE = “TIME_ZONE”

编辑etc/httpd/conf.d/openstack-dashboard.conf如果不包括就追加在后面
WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}

# 重启服务
systemctl restart httpd.service memcached.service

#好了，打开浏览器试试
http://controller/dashboard

在那之前需要个身份认证，前面的export的身份信息在重启后就消失了，需要一个adminrc文件，之后重启机器后执行 source adminrc
adminrc 中的内容，之前用到的export语句，去掉export保留后面内容就行了

如果是新手的话，试着学会用下面命令查看服务是否正确运行，查看日志是否报错
systemctl status openstack-xxx服务
vi /var/log/nova/nova-xxx.log 查看日志 shirft+g 跳到最底部