一、Spring集成Web环境

最新推荐文章于 2023-11-08 22:23:52 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-11-08 22:23:52 发布

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分类专栏： SpringMVC 文章标签： spring springmvc

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Challenger_/article/details/107296630

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Spring集成Web环境

1. 基本三层架构环境搭建
2. ApplicationContext应用上下文获取方式
- 2.1 ContextLoaderListener
- 2.1 对UserServlet的代码优化
3. Spring提供获取应用上下文的工具

1. 基本三层架构环境搭建

pom.xml：

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!--配置数据源-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.32</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
      <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
      <version>0.9.1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
      <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
      <version>1.1.10</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.0.1</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.2.1</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
      <version>2.3</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
      <version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

UserDaoImpl：

public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
    @Override
    public void save() {
        System.out.println("save running");
    }
}

UserServiceImpl：

public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    private UserDao userDao;

    public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
        this.userDao = userDao;
    }

    @Override
    public void save() {
        userDao.save();
    }
}

UserServlet：

public class UserServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ApplicationContext app = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        UserService userService = app.getBean(UserService.class);
        userService.save();
    }
}

2. ApplicationContext应用上下文获取方式

应用上下文对象通过new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(“applicationContext.xml”)方式获取。

在Web项目中，可以使用ServletContextListener监听Web应用的启动，就可以在Web应用启动时，加载Spring的配置文件，创建应用上下文对象ApplicationContext，将其存储到最大域servletContext域中，这样就可以在任意位置从域中获得应用上下文ApplicationContext对象了。

2.1 ContextLoaderListener

Listener：

public class ContextLoaderListener implements ServletContextListener {
    @Override
    public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent servletContextEvent) {
        ApplicationContext app = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        //将Spring的应用上下文对象存储到ServletContext域中
        ServletContext servletContext = servletContextEvent.getServletContext();
        servletContext.setAttribute("app",app);
        System.out.println("Spring容器创建完毕......");
    }

    @Override
    public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent servletContextEvent) {

    }
}

web.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
                      http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
         version="3.0">
<!--  配置监听器-->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>com.example.listener.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>


  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>UserServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.example.web.UserServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>UserServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/userServlet</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>


</web-app>

UserServlet：

public class UserServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//        ApplicationContext app = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();
        ApplicationContext app = (ApplicationContext) servletContext.getAttribute("app");
        UserService userService = app.getBean(UserService.class);
        userService.save();
    }
}

2.1 对UserServlet的代码优化

web.xml中设置全局初始化参数：

<!--  全局初始化参数-->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>

自定义监听器ContextLoaderListener：

public class ContextLoaderListener implements ServletContextListener {
    @Override
    public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent servletContextEvent) {

        ServletContext servletContext = servletContextEvent.getServletContext();

        //读取web.xml中的全局参数
        String contextConfigLocation = servletContext.getInitParameter("contextConfigLocation");

        ApplicationContext app = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(contextConfigLocation);
        //将Spring的应用上下文对象存储到ServletContext域中
        servletContext.setAttribute("app",app);
        System.out.println("Spring容器创建完毕......");
    }

    @Override
    public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent servletContextEvent) {

    }
}

UserServlet：

//        ApplicationContext app = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();

自定义WebApplicationContextUtils：

public class WebApplicationContextUtils {

    public static ApplicationContext getWebApplicationContext(ServletContext servletContext) {

        return (ApplicationContext) servletContext.getAttribute("app");

    }

}

UserServlet：

//        ApplicationContext app = (ApplicationContext) servletContext.getAttribute("app");
        ApplicationContext app = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(servletContext);

优化后的UserServlet：

public class UserServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//        ApplicationContext app = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();
//        ApplicationContext app = (ApplicationContext) servletContext.getAttribute("app");
        ApplicationContext app = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
        UserService userService = app.getBean(UserService.class);
        userService.save();
    }
}

3. Spring提供获取应用上下文的工具

Spring提供了一个监听器ContextLoaderListener就是对上述功能的封装，该监听器内部加载Spring配置文件，创建应用上下文对象，并存储到ServletContext域中，提供了一个客户端工具WebApplicationContextUtils供使用者获得应用上下文对象。

所以我们做的只有两件事：

在web.xml中配置ContextLoaderListener监听器（导入spring-web坐标）
在WebApplicationContextUtils获得应用上下文对象ApplicationContext

web.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
                      http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
         version="3.0">

<!--  全局初始化参数-->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>


<!--  配置监听器-->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>


  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>UserServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.example.web.UserServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>UserServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/userServlet</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>


</web-app>

UserServlet：

public class UserServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//        ApplicationContext app = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();
//        ApplicationContext app = (ApplicationContext) servletContext.getAttribute("app");
//        ApplicationContext app = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
        WebApplicationContext app = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
        UserService userService = app.getBean(UserService.class);
        userService.save();
    }
}

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一、Spring集成Web环境

Spring集成Web环境1. 基本三层架构环境搭建2. ApplicationContext应用上下文获取方式三级目录1. 基本三层架构环境搭建pom.xml：<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</versio
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