摄像头应用程序

MainActivity代码如下：

package com.chen.test5;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.hardware.Camera;
import android.media.CamcorderProfile;
import android.media.MediaRecorder;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Gravity;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.FrameLayout;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends Activity 
{
	private static final String TAG = "TAG-AndroidCameraActivity";
	private static final int MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE = 1;
	private static final int MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO = 2;
	
	private Camera mCamera; //这个是hardware的Camera对象
	private CameraPreview mPreview;
	private Button startButton;
	private Button stopButton;
	private MediaRecorder mMediaRecorder;
	private boolean isRecording = false;
	
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		
		//创建Camera实例
		mCamera = getCameraInstance();

		//创建Preview view 并将其设为activity中的内容
		mPreview = new CameraPreview(this, mCamera);
		FrameLayout preview = (FrameLayout)findViewById(R.id.camera_preview);
		preview.addView(mPreview);
		
		//为Capture按钮加入listener,拍摄视频
		startButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button_start);
		stopButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button_stop);
		
		startButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				//开始录像
				Toast toast = Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "开始录像", Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
				toast.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER, 0, 0);
				toast.show();
				
				if (prepareVideoRecorder()) {
					mMediaRecorder.start();
				}else {
					releaseMediaRecorder();
				}
				
			}
		});
		stopButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
			
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				//停止录像
				Toast toast = Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "停止录像", Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
				toast.setGravity(Gravity.CENTER, 0, 0);
				toast.show();
				
				releaseMediaRecorder();  //停止录制视频
				
				mCamera.stopPreview();  //停止预览
				releaseCamera();        //释放摄像头
				
			}
		});
		
	}

	@Override
	protected void onPause() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.onPause();
		//如果正在使用MediaRecorder，首先需要释放它
		releaseMediaRecorder();
		//在暂停事件中立即释放摄像头
		releaseCamera();
	}
	
	private void releaseMediaRecorder() {
		if (mMediaRecorder != null) {
			
			mMediaRecorder.stop();    //清除recorder配置
			
			mMediaRecorder.reset();   //可选步骤
			
			mMediaRecorder.release();  //释放recorder对象
			
			mMediaRecorder = null;
			
			mCamera.lock();  //为后续使用锁定摄像头//Android4.0 以上版本不需要
		}
	}
	
	private void releaseCamera() {
		if (mCamera != null) {
			
			mCamera.release();  //为其它应用释放摄像头
			mCamera = null;
		}
	}
	
	private boolean prepareVideoRecorder(){
		
		mMediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder();
		
		
		//第1步：解锁并将摄像头指向MediaRecorder
		mCamera.unlock();
		mMediaRecorder.setCamera(mCamera);
		
		//第2步：指定源
		mMediaRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.CAMCORDER);
		mMediaRecorder.setVideoSource(MediaRecorder.VideoSource.CAMERA);
		
		//第3步：指定CamcorderProfile(需要API Level 8以上版本)
		mMediaRecorder.setProfile(CamcorderProfile.get(CamcorderProfile.QUALITY_HIGH));
		//第3步：设置输出格式和编码格式（针对低于API Level 8版本）
		//mMediaRecorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.MPEG_4);
		//mMediaRecorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.DEFAULT);
		//mMediaRecorder.setVideoEncoder(MediaRecorder.VideoEncoder.H264);
		
		//第4步：指定输出文件
		mMediaRecorder.setOutputFile(getOutputMediaFile(MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO).toString());
		
		//第5步：指定预览输出
		mMediaRecorder.setPreviewDisplay(mPreview.getHolder().getSurface());
		
		//第6步：根据以上配置准备MediaRecorder
		try {
			mMediaRecorder.prepare();
		} catch (IllegalStateException e) {
			Log.d(TAG, "IllegalStateException preparing MediaRecorder: " + e.getMessage());
			releaseMediaRecorder();
			return false;
		} catch (IOException e) {
			Log.d(TAG, "IOException preparing MediaRecorder: " + e.getMessage());
			releaseMediaRecorder();
			return false;
		}
		return true;
	}
	
	private Camera getCameraInstance () {
		Camera c = null;
		
		try {
			//获取Camera实例
			c = Camera.open();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// 摄像头不可用（正被占用或不存在)
			return null;
		}
		return c;
	}
	
	private static File getOutputMediaFile(int type){
		
		File mediaStorageDir = new File(Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES), "MyCameraAPP");
		if(! mediaStorageDir.exists()){
			if(! mediaStorageDir.mkdirs()){
				Log.d("MyCameraApp", "failed to create directory");
				return null;
			}
		}
		
		String timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss").format(new Date());
		File mediaFile;
		if (type == MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE){
			mediaFile = new File(mediaStorageDir.getPath() + File.separator + "IMG_" + timeStamp + ".jpg");
		}else if(type == MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO){
			mediaFile = new File(mediaStorageDir.getPath() + File.separator + "VID_" + timeStamp + ".mp4");
		}else {
			return null;
		}
		return mediaFile;
	}
	
	

	private boolean checkCameraHardware(Context context){
		if (context.getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_CAMERA)) {
			//摄像头存在
			return true;
		}else {
			//摄像头不存在
			return false;
		}
	}
}

CameraPreview代码：

//基本的摄像头预览类
package com.chen.test5;

import java.io.IOException;

import android.content.Context;
import android.hardware.Camera;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import android.view.SurfaceView;

public class CameraPreview extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback{

	private SurfaceHolder mHolder;
	private Camera mCamera;
	private String TAG = "tag";
	
	public CameraPreview(Context context, Camera camera){
		super(context);
		mCamera = camera;
		
		mHolder = getHolder();
		mHolder.addCallback(this);
		
		mHolder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS);
	}
	
	@Override
	public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width,
			int height) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
		if(mHolder.getSurface() == null){
			//预览surface不存在
			return;
		}
		//更改时停止预览
		try {
			mCamera.stopPreview();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO: handle exception
		}
		
		//在此进行缩放、旋转和重新组织格式
		
		//以新的设置启动预览
		try {
			mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);
			mCamera.startPreview();
			
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO: handle exception
			Log.d(TAG, "Error starting camera preview:" + e.getMessage());
		}
	}

	@Override
	public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
		// surface已被创建，现在把预览画面的位置通知摄像头
		try {
			mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);
			mCamera.startPreview();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO: handle exception
			Log.d(TAG, "Error setting camera preview:" + e.getMessage());
		}
	}

	@Override
	public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
		// 空代码。注意在activity中释放摄像头预览对象
		
	}


}

布局文件：

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
    
    <FrameLayout 
        android:id="@+id/camera_preview"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_weight="1"/>
    
    <Button 
        android:id="@+id/button_start"
        android:text="开始"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"/>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button_stop"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="停止" 
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"/>
    
</RelativeLayout>