题目描述:
Problem
You are given two vectors v1=(x1,x2,...,xn) and v2=(y1,y2,...,yn). The scalar product of these vectors is a single number, calculated as x1y1+x2y2+...+xnyn.
Suppose you are allowed to permute the coordinates of each vector as you wish. Choose two permutations such that the scalar product of your two new vectors is the smallest possible, and output that minimum scalar product.
Input
The first line of the input file contains integer number T - the number of test cases. For each test case, the first line contains integer number n . The next two lines contain n integers each, giving the coordinates of v 1 and v 2 respectively.Output
For each test case, output a line
Case #X: Ywhere X is the test case number, starting from 1, and Y is the minimum scalar product of all permutations of the two given vectors.
Limits
Small dataset
T = 1000
1 ≤ n ≤ 8
-1000 ≤ xi, yi ≤ 1000
Large dataset
T = 10
100 ≤ n ≤ 800
-100000 ≤ xi, yi ≤ 100000
Sample
解题思路:本题稍微列举出几个例子,不难发现规律,将第一个向量的最小和第二个的最大相乘,然后次小与次大,以此类推。这题可以用贪心来理解。
但要证明这个思路的正确性却不容易,一开始我打算一步一步地来证,即证明去掉最小和最大乘积,将导出比去掉任意其他乘积更小的值,但可惜失败了。
后来google后发现一个 排序不等式(Rearrangement inequality),wiki上面有对这个定理的详细证明,于是问题就解决了
#include <cstdio>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
int main(){
//freopen("A-small-practice.in", "r", stdin);
freopen("A-large-practice.in", "r", stdin);
//freopen("A-small-practice.out", "w", stdout);
freopen("A-large-practice.out", "w", stdout);
int t;
scanf("%d", &t);
for(int kase = 1; kase <= t; kase++){
int cnt;
scanf("%d", &cnt);
int v1[cnt+1], v2[cnt+1];
for(int i = 0; i < cnt; i++)
scanf("%d", &v1[i]);
for(int i = 0; i < cnt; i++)
scanf("%d", &v2[i]);
sort(v1, v1+cnt);
sort(v2, v2+cnt);
long long res = 0;
//这里要注意转型为long long,否则还是wrong answer
for(int i = 0; i < cnt; i++)
res += (long long)v1[i] * (long long)v2[cnt-1-i];
printf("Case #%d: %lld\n", kase, res);
}
return 0;
}