Socket

ChenyiMX

于 2023-06-15 18:01:54 发布

阅读量141

点赞数

分类专栏：网络编程 java 文章标签：网络 udp tcp/ip

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/ChenyiMX/article/details/131233303

版权

java 同时被 2 个专栏收录

11 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

网络编程

2 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

文章展示了Java中使用Socket进行TCP和UDP协议的字节及字符传输的客户端和服务端示例代码，包括如何读写数据和关闭流。此外，还包含了通过Socket从客户端上传图片到服务端的实现过程。

摘要由CSDN通过智能技术生成

底层任然用的TCP/UDP协议

字节传输

客户端

package com.chedu.socket;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

/**
 * 客户端
 * 发送 "hello,server" 给服务端
 */
public class SocketTCP01Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // 1. 连接服务器(ip,端口)
        // 解读：连接本机的9999端口。若连接成功返回socket对象
        Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost(), 9999);
        System.out.println("客户端返回 socket " + socket);

        // 2. 连接上后，生成Socket，通过socket.getOutputSteam()
        //    得到 和 server对象关联的输出对象
        OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();

        // 3. 通过输出流，写数据 到数据通道
        outputStream.write("hello,server".getBytes());
        // 结束标记
        socket.shutdownOutput();

        // 4 获取socket关联的输入流，读取数据
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
        int readLen = 0;
        while ((readLen=inputStream.read(bytes))!=-1){
            System.out.println(new String(bytes,0,readLen));
        }

        // 5. 关闭流对象和socket,必须关闭
        outputStream.close();
        inputStream.close();
        socket.close();
        System.out.println("客户端退出");



    }
}

服务端

package com.chedu.socket;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * 服务端
 *
 */
public class SocketTCP01Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // 1. 在本机的 9999端口监听，等待连接，
        // 注意：要求本机9999端口未被占用
        // 细节: ServerSocket可以通过accept()返回多个Socket[多个客户端来连接服务器的并发]
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9999);
        System.out.println("服务端在9999端口监听，等待连接");
        // 2. 当有客服端连接时，程序 阻塞，等待连接
        // 如果有客户端连接，则会返回Socket对象，程序继续执行
        Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();
        System.out.println("socket = " + accept.getClass());

        // 3.通过getInputStream读取客户端写入到数据通道的数据
        InputStream inputStream = accept.getInputStream();

        // 4. IO读取
        byte[] aByte = new byte[1024];
        int readLen = 0;
        while ((readLen=inputStream.read(aByte))!=-1){
            System.out.println(new String(aByte,0,readLen));
        }

        // 5 通过getOutputStream发送数据
        OutputStream outputStream = accept.getOutputStream();
        outputStream.write("服务端发送的消息".getBytes());
        accept.shutdownOutput();

        // 6.关闭流
        inputStream.close();
        outputStream.close();
        accept.close();
        serverSocket.close();
        System.out.println("服务端退出");

    }
}

字符传输

客户端

package com.chedu.socket;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
 * 客户端
 */
public class SocketTCP02Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // 1. 连接服务器(ip,端口)
        // 解读：连接本机的9999端口。若连接成功返回socket对象
        Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost(), 9999);
        System.out.println("客户端返回 socket " + socket);

        // 2. 连接上后，生成Socket，通过socket.getOutputSteam()
        //    得到 和 server对象关联的输出对象
        OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();

        // 3. 通过输出流，写数据 到数据通道 new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream)
        BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream));
        bufferedWriter.write("客户端发送信息");
        bufferedWriter.newLine(); // 结束
        bufferedWriter.flush(); // 刷新，否则不保存

        // 4 获取socket关联的输入流，读取数据
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
        String s = bufferedReader.readLine();
        System.out.println(s);

        // 5. 关闭流对象和socket,必须关闭
        bufferedReader.close();
        bufferedWriter.close();
        socket.close();
        System.out.println("客户端退出");
    }
}

服务端

package com.chedu.socket;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class SocketTCP02Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // 1. 在本机的 9999端口监听，等待连接，
        // 注意：要求本机9999端口未被占用
        // 细节: ServerSocket可以通过accept()返回多个Socket[多个客户端来连接服务器的并发]
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9999);
        System.out.println("服务端在9999端口监听，等待连接");
        // 2. 当有客服端连接时，程序 阻塞，等待连接
        // 如果有客户端连接，则会返回Socket对象，程序继续执行
        Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();
        System.out.println("socket = " + accept.getClass());

        // 3.通过getInputStream读取客户端写入到数据通道的数据
        InputStream inputStream = accept.getInputStream();

        // 4. IO读取
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
        String s = bufferedReader.readLine();
        System.out.println(s);

        // 5 通过getOutputStream发送数据
        OutputStream outputStream = accept.getOutputStream();
        BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream));
        bufferedWriter.write("服务端发送的消息");
        bufferedWriter.newLine();
        bufferedWriter.flush();

        // 6.关闭流
        bufferedWriter.close();
        bufferedReader.close();
        accept.close();
        serverSocket.close();
        System.out.println("服务端退出");

    }
}

通过socket从客户端上传图片到服务端

客户端

package com.chedu.upload;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

public class TCPFileUploadClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // 客户端连接服务端
        Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getLocalHost(), 8888);

        String filePath = "e:\\111.webp";
        BufferedInputStream bufferedInputStream = new BufferedInputStream(
                new FileInputStream(filePath));

        byte[] bytes = StreamUtils.streamToByteArray(bufferedInputStream);

        // 通过socket获取到输出流，将
        OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
        BufferedOutputStream bufferedOutputStream = new BufferedOutputStream(outputStream);
        bufferedOutputStream.write(bytes);
        bufferedOutputStream.flush();
        socket.shutdownOutput();

        // 使用StreamUtils方法将InputStream读取到内容转换成字符串
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        String s = StreamUtils.inputStreamToString(inputStream);
        System.out.println(s);

        // 关闭流
        inputStream.close();
        bufferedOutputStream.close();
        bufferedInputStream.close();
        socket.close();
    }
}

服务端

package com.chedu.upload;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class TCPFileUploadServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // 服务端在8888端口监听
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8888);
        System.out.println("服务端在8888端口监听");
        // 等待连接
        Socket accept = serverSocket.accept();

        // 读取客户端发送的数据
        // 通过socket得到输入流
        BufferedInputStream bufferedInputStream = new BufferedInputStream(accept.getInputStream());
        byte[] bytes = StreamUtils.streamToByteArray(bufferedInputStream);

        // 将得到的 byte数组，写入指定路径，就得到一个文件
        String destFilePath = "src\\222.webp";
        BufferedOutputStream bufferedOutputStream = new BufferedOutputStream(
                new FileOutputStream(destFilePath));
        bufferedOutputStream.write(bytes);
        bufferedOutputStream.close();

        // 向客户端发送消息，已保存图片
        BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(
                new OutputStreamWriter(accept.getOutputStream()));
        bufferedWriter.write("收到图片");
        bufferedWriter.flush(); // 刷新
        accept.shutdownOutput(); // 设置结束标记

        // 关闭其他资源
        bufferedInputStream.close();
        accept.close();
        serverSocket.close();
    }
}

工具类

package com.chedu.upload;

import java.io.*;

public class StreamUtils {
    /**
     * 功能:将输入流转换成byte[]
     */
    public static byte[] streamToByteArray(InputStream is) throws IOException {
        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();// 创建输出刘对象
        byte[] b = new byte[1024]; // 一次读取数据长度
        int len;
        while ((len = is.read(b))!=-1){ // 循环读取
            bos.write(b,0,len); // 把数据读取到数据，写入到bos
        }
        byte[] array = bos.toByteArray(); // 将bos转换成byte数组
        bos.close();
        return array;
    }

    /**
     * 将InputStream转换成String
     * @param is
     * @return
     */
    public static String inputStreamToString(InputStream is) throws IOException {
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
        StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
        String line;
        while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine())!=null){
            stringBuilder.append(line + "\r\n");
        }

        return stringBuilder.toString();
    }
}