Docker(五)：容器数据卷2

数据卷(DockerFile添加)

DockerFile：
对镜像的一种源码级的描述文件

以tomcat镜像为例

tomcat8.5 DockerFile

1、根目录下新建mydocker文件夹并进入

2、可在DockerFile中使用VOLUME指令来给镜像添加一个或多个数据卷

VOLUME["/dataVolumeContainer","/dataVolumeContainer2","/dataVolumeContainer3"]
说明:
出于可移植和分享的考虑，用-v主机目录:容器月录这种方法不能够直接在Dockerfile中实现。
由于宿主机目录是依赖于特定宿主机的，并不能够保证在所有的宿主机上都存在这样的特定目录。

3、File构建

[root@localhost /]# mkdir mydocker
[root@localhost /]# cd /mydocker/
[root@localhost mydocker]# vim Dockerfile
[root@localhost mydocker]# cat Dockerfile 
# volume test
FROM centos
VOLUME ["/dataVolumeContainer1" ,"/dataVolumeContainer2"]
CMD echo "finished,==================success1"
CMD /bin/bash

4、build后生成镜像

最后有个 . 不要忘记了

[root@localhost mydocker]# docker build -f /mydocker/Dockerfile -t zhaoyoung/centos .
Sending build context to Docker daemon  2.048kB
Step 1/4 : FROM centos
 ---> 75835a67d134
Step 2/4 : VOLUME ["/dataVolumeContainer1","/dataVolumeContainer2"]
 ---> Running in d475b69377ad
Removing intermediate container d475b69377ad
 ---> 8ee6e2a7e7ff
Step 3/4 : CMD echo "finished,==================success1"
 ---> Running in 37d6c8534064
Removing intermediate container 37d6c8534064
 ---> eed50be084b1
Step 4/4 : CMD /bin/bash
 ---> Running in 57583c68b3b0
Removing intermediate container 57583c68b3b0
 ---> 76582507c918
Successfully built 76582507c918
Successfully tagged zhaoyoung/centos:latest

成功生成镜像

[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY               TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED              SIZE
zhaoyoung/centos         latest              76582507c918        About a minute ago   200MB
zhaoyoung/nodocstomcat   1.0                 84498728984a        21 hours ago         463MB
centos                   latest              75835a67d134        37 hours ago         200MB
tomcat                   latest              41a54fe1f79d        4 weeks ago          463MB
hello-world              latest              4ab4c602aa5e        4 weeks ago          1.84kB

5、run容器

容器终端

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it zhaoyoung/centos
[root@b27b7b555902 /]# ll
total 12
-rw-r--r--.   1 root root 12030 Oct  6 19:15 anaconda-post.log
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 root root     7 Oct  6 19:14 bin -> usr/bin
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root     6 Oct 11 07:06 dataVolumeContainer1
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root     6 Oct 11 07:06 dataVolumeContainer2
drwxr-xr-x.   5 root root   360 Oct 11 07:06 dev
drwxr-xr-x.   1 root root    66 Oct 11 07:06 etc
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root     6 Apr 11  2018 home
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 root root     7 Oct  6 19:14 lib -> usr/lib
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 root root     9 Oct  6 19:14 lib64 -> usr/lib64
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root     6 Apr 11  2018 media
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root     6 Apr 11  2018 mnt
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root     6 Apr 11  2018 opt
dr-xr-xr-x. 114 root root     0 Oct 11 07:06 proc
dr-xr-x---.   2 root root   114 Oct  6 19:15 root
drwxr-xr-x.  10 root root   130 Oct  6 19:15 run
lrwxrwxrwx.   1 root root     8 Oct  6 19:14 sbin -> usr/sbin
drwxr-xr-x.   2 root root     6 Apr 11  2018 srv
dr-xr-xr-x.  13 root root     0 Oct  9 09:14 sys
drwxrwxrwt.   7 root root   132 Oct  6 19:15 tmp
drwxr-xr-x.  13 root root   155 Oct  6 19:14 usr
drwxr-xr-x.  18 root root   238 Oct  6 19:14 var

容器终端
新建文件 container01.txt

[root@b27b7b555902 /]# cd dataVolumeContainer1/
[root@b27b7b555902 dataVolumeContainer1]# touch container01.txt
[root@b27b7b555902 dataVolumeContainer1]# ls
container01.txt
[root@b27b7b555902 dataVolumeContainer1]# ll
total 0
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 11 07:25 container01.txt

宿主机终端
可以看到容器内绑定的宿主机对应的文件夹，也就是可以进行相应的数据共享了，同上一篇博文

[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
b27b7b555902        zhaoyoung/centos    "/bin/sh -c /bin/bash"   10 minutes ago      Up 10 minutes                           vibrant_ganguly
[root@localhost ~]# docker inspect b27b7b555902
"Mounts": [
            {
                "Type": "volume",
                "Name": "d46170d581a51392f47697441a103e3e05907106672c3c8db8bc7dbaf89241eb",
                "Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/d46170d581a51392f47697441a103e3e05907106672c3c8db8bc7dbaf89241eb/_data",
                "Destination": "/dataVolumeContainer1",
                "Driver": "local",
                "Mode": "",
                "RW": true,
                "Propagation": ""
            },
            {
                "Type": "volume",
                "Name": "8b2ab63cd912e61c3fac8627a6a55fd0a9eb929d6264b4b68451a07611550fe3",
                "Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/8b2ab63cd912e61c3fac8627a6a55fd0a9eb929d6264b4b68451a07611550fe3/_data",
                "Destination": "/dataVolumeContainer2",
                "Driver": "local",
                "Mode": "",
                "RW": true,
                "Propagation": ""
            }
        ]

宿主机终端

[root@localhost ~]# cd /var/lib/docker/volumes/d46170d581a51392f47697441a103e3e05907106672c3c8db8bc7dbaf89241eb/_data
[root@localhost _data]# ll
总用量 0
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 10月 11 15:25 container01.txt

宿主机终端
新建文件host.txt

[root@localhost _data]# touch host.txt
[root@localhost _data]# ll
总用量 0
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 10月 11 15:25 container01.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 10月 11 15:28 host.txt

容器终端

[root@b27b7b555902 dataVolumeContainer1]# ll
total 0
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 11 07:25 container01.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Oct 11 07:28 host.txt

如果出现以下错误

Docker挂载主机目录Docker访问出现cannot open directory .: Permission denied
解决办法:在挂载目录后多加一-个--privileged=true参数即可
如原来的命令：
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it -v /myDataVolume:/dataVolumeContainer centos
修改为：
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -it -v /myDataVolume:/dataVolumeContainer --privileged=true centos