20220530_Java_XML文件解析_xpath方法

dom4j和jaxen框架包自行搜索下载导入

所用xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<contactList>
    <contact id="1" vip="true">
        <name> Joseph </name>
        <gender> male </gender>
        <email> joseph@heaven.com </email>
    </contact >
    <contact id="2" vip="false">
        <name> John </name>
        <gender> male </gender>
        <email> john@heaven.com </email>
    </contact>
    <contact id="3" vip="false">
        <name> Deborah </name>
        <gender> female </gender>
        <email> deborah@heaven.com </email>
    </contact>
    <user>
        <info>
            <group id="12" >
                <name id="10" > Michael </name>
            </group>
        </info>
    </user>
</contactList>

测试执行
用@Test注解，代替main方法，需下载导入junit包

import org.dom4j.Attribute;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.Node;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;

public class XpathDemo1 {
    /**除了dom4j，jaxen的包也一定要导入才行，否则报错*/
    @Test
    public void parse1() throws Exception {
        SAXReader sax = new SAXReader();
        InputStream is = XpathDemo1.class.getResourceAsStream("/contactList1.xml");
        Document doc = sax.read(is);

        List<Node> nameNodes = doc.selectNodes("/contactList/contact/name");//绝对路径
        for (Node nameNode : nameNodes) {
            Element nameEle = (Element) nameNode;
            System.out.println(nameEle.getTextTrim());//注意这里不是elementTextTrim，否则报错
        }

    }

    @Test
    public void parse2() throws Exception {
        /**
         * 标准三步
         * 得到解析器，得到输入流，得到文件
         */
        SAXReader sax = new SAXReader();
        InputStream is = XpathDemo1.class.getResourceAsStream("/contactList1.xml");
        Document doc = sax.read(is);

        Element root = doc.getRootElement();//得到根元素，用根元素调相对路径

        List<Node> genderNodes = root.selectNodes("./contact/gender");//相对路径
        for (Node genderNode : genderNodes) {
            Element genderEle = (Element) genderNode;
            System.out.println(genderEle.getTextTrim());//注意这里不是elementTextTrim，否则报错
        }

    }

    @Test
    public void parse3() throws Exception {
        SAXReader sax = new SAXReader();
        InputStream is = XpathDemo1.class.getResourceAsStream("/contactList1.xml");
        Document doc = sax.read(is);

        List<Node> emailNodes = doc.selectNodes("//email");//在全文件中搜email节点，第一个/代表全文件
        for (Node emailNode : emailNodes) {
            Element emailEle = (Element) emailNode;
            System.out.println(emailEle.getTextTrim());//注意这里不是elementTextTrim，否则报错
        }

        List<Node> nameNodes = doc.selectNodes("//name");//这次会把Michael也找出来
        for (Node nameNode : nameNodes) {
            Element nameEle = (Element) nameNode;
            System.out.println(nameEle.getTextTrim());
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void parse4() throws Exception {
        SAXReader sax = new SAXReader();
        InputStream is = XpathDemo1.class.getResourceAsStream("/contactList1.xml");
        Document doc = sax.read(is);

        List<Node> Nodes = doc.selectNodes("//@id");//全文找id属性
        for (Node Node : Nodes) {
            Attribute att = (Attribute) Node;
            System.out.println(att.getName()+"--->"+att.getValue());
        }

        Node nd = doc.selectSingleNode("//name[@id]");//获得带有id属性，名为name的节点
        Element el = (Element) nd;
        System.out.println(el.getTextTrim());

        Node nd1 = doc.selectSingleNode("//contact[@id=3]");//获得指定了属性值的复数节点
        Element el1 = (Element) nd1;
        System.out.println(el1.elementTextTrim("name"));

    }
}