SpringMVC（二）之注解以及参数封装

通过示例项目，学习SpringMVC的注解以及参数封装

创建web项目以及导入jar包

项目结构如图

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
  <display-name>Springmvc02</display-name>

  <filter>
    <filter-name>characterEncoding</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>encoding</param-name>
        <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>

  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>characterEncoding</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <!-- 默认加载方式
       默认加载必须规范：
       * 文件命名：servlet-name-servlet.xml====springmvc-servlet.xml
       * 路径规范：必须在WEB-INF目录下面
    -->
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd">

    <!-- 扫描注解 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.zyj"></context:component-scan>

    <!-- 配置注解处理器映射器 
        负责寻找Controller
    -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"></bean>
    <!-- 配置注解处理器处理器 
        负责执行Controller
    -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"></bean>

    <!-- 配置视图解析器 
        后台返回逻辑试图：index
        视图解析器解析出真正物理视图：前缀+逻辑试图+后缀====/WEB-INF/jsps/index.jsp
    -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsps/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

User.java

public class User {
    private int id;
    private String username;// 用户姓名
    private String sex;// 性别
    private Date birthday;// 生日
    private String address;// 地址
    //省略getter和setter方法
}

UserCustom.java

// 用户包装类
public class UserCustom {
    // 用户
    private User user;
    // List集合
    private List<User> userList;
    // Map集合
    private Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
    //省略getter和setter方法
}

UserController.java

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")//配置根路径，目的是解决多个Controller中出现相同的RequestMapping的冲突
public class UserController {

    // 跳转页面
    @RequestMapping("toAddUser")
    public String toAddUser() {
        return "addUser";
    }

    // 接收int类型和string类型参数
    @RequestMapping("receiveIntAndString")
    public String receiveIntAndString(int id, String username) {
        System.out.println(id+","+username);
        return "success";
    }

    // 接收po类型参数
    @RequestMapping("receiveUser")
    public String receiveUser(User user) {
        System.out.println(user);
        return "success";
    }

    // 接收包装类型参数
    @RequestMapping("receiveUserCustom")
    public String receiveUserCustom(UserCustom userCustom) {
        System.out.println(userCustom.getUser());
        return "success";
    }

    // 接收数组类型参数
    @RequestMapping("receiveArray")
    public String receiveArray(Integer[] ids) {
        for (Integer integer : ids) {
            System.out.println(integer);
        }
        return "success";
    }

    // 接收list集合类型参数
    @RequestMapping("receiveUserCustomList")
    public String receiveUserCustomList(UserCustom userCustom) {
        System.out.println(userCustom.getUserList());
        return "success";
    }

    // 接收map集合类型参数
    @RequestMapping("receiveUserCustomMap")
    public String receiveUserCustomMap(UserCustom userCustom) {
        System.out.println(userCustom.getMap());
        return "success";
    }
}

addUser.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/receiveIntAndString.do" method="POST">
        ID:<input type="text" name="id" />
        用户名：<input type="text" name="username" />
        <input type="submit" value="提交多个普通类型参数"/>
    </form>
    <hr color="grey" size="10" />
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/receiveUser.do" method="POST">
        ID:<input type="text" name="id" />
        用户名：<input type="text" name="username" />
        性别：<input type="text" name="sex" />
        生日：<input type="text" name="birthday" />
        地址：<input type="text" name="address" />
        <input type="submit" value="提交po类型参数"/>
    </form>
    <hr color="grey" size="10" />
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/receiveUserCustom.do" method="POST">
        ID:<input type="text" name="user.id" />
        用户名：<input type="text" name="user.username" />
        性别：<input type="text" name="user.sex" />
        生日：<input type="text" name="user.birthday" />
        地址：<input type="text" name="user.address" />
        <input type="submit" value="提交包装类型参数"/>
    </form>
    <hr color="grey" size="10" />
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/receiveArray.do" method="POST">
        ID:<input type="checkbox" name="ids" value="1"/>
        ID:<input type="checkbox" name="ids" value="2"/>
        ID:<input type="checkbox" name="ids" value="3"/>
        ID:<input type="checkbox" name="ids" value="4"/>
        ID:<input type="checkbox" name="ids" value="5"/>
        <input type="submit" value="提交数组类型参数"/>
    </form>
    <hr color="grey" size="10" />
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/receiveUserCustomList.do" method="POST">
        ID:<input type="text" name="userList[0].id" />
        用户名：<input type="text" name="userList[0].username" />
        ID:<input type="text" name="userList[1].id" />
        用户名：<input type="text" name="userList[1].username" />
        <input type="submit" value="提交List类型参数"/>
    </form>
    <hr color="grey" size="10" />
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/receiveUserCustomMap.do" method="POST">
        ID:<input type="text" name="map['id']" />
        用户名：<input type="text" name="map['username']" />
        <input type="submit" value="提交Map类型参数"/>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

页面

RequestMapping

1. RequestMapping(“hello”)(推荐，不需要设置后缀名)
2. RequestMapping(“/hello.do”)
3. RequestMapping(value=”/hello.do”)
4. RequestMapping(value=”/hello.do”,method=RequestMethod.GET)
5. RequestMapping(value=”/hello.do”,method=RequestMethod.POST)
   浏览器直接访问，a标签都是get请求
   表单提交(指定post)，ajax指定post提交，post提交。
6. RequestMapping(value=”/hello.do”,method={RequestMethod.POST,
RequestMethod.GET})

RequestMaping根路径

解决多个Controller中出现相同的RequestMapping时的冲突

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
    @RequestMapping("save")
    public String save() {
        return "success";
    }
}

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/orders")
public class OrdersController {
    @RequestMapping("save")
    public String save() {
        return "success";
    }
}

访问：
http://localhost:8080/项目名/user/save.do
http://localhost:8080/项目名/orders/save.do

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