Linux 系统查看磁盘使用情况统计及清理

1. 磁盘整体使用

使用df -h查看磁盘空间占用情况：

[work@offline-market-Shouhoushahe02-Cqu-01 ~]$ df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1        99G   77G   17G  83% /
devtmpfs        7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /dev
tmpfs           7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           7.8G  816K  7.8G   1% /run
tmpfs           7.8G     0  7.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs           1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /run/user/0
tmpfs           1.6G     0  1.6G   0% /run/user/510
...

2. 筛选目录占用的磁盘

使用du -h -s /* | sort -nr命令查看那个目录占用空间大：

[work@offline-market-Shouhoushahe02-Cqu-01 ~]$ du -h -s /* | sort -nr
du: cannot read directory ‘/var/lib/yum/history/2017-10-15/15’: Permission denied
du: cannot read directory ‘/var/empty/sshd’: Permission denied
816K    /run
386M    /etc
135M    /boot
54G /home
19M /tmp
16K /lost+found
9.3G    /data
8.0K    /opt
4.0K    /srv
4.0K    /root
4.0K    /media
3.8M    /mnt
2.7G    /usr
2.6G    /var
0   /sys
0   /sbin
0   /proc
0   /lib64
0   /lib
0   /dev
0   /bin

再通过du -h -s /* | sort -nr 一层层排查，如上/home目录占用最多，排查该目录：

du -h -s /home/* | sort -nr：

[work@offline-market-Shouhoushahe02-Cqu-01 home]$ du -h -s /home/* | sort -nr
54G /home/work
36K /home/rd

再使用du /home/work --max-depth=1 -h，查看当前目录下文件夹大小情况：

[work@offline-market-Shouhoushahe02-Cqu-01 ~]$ du /home/work --max-depth=1 -h
48G /home/work/www
1.1M    /home/work/.cache
1.3G    /home/work/package
465M    /home/work/backup
28K /home/work/pprof
12K /home/work/logs
8.0K    /home/work/.oracle_jre_usage
20K /home/work/.ssh
47M /home/work/consul
4.0K    /home/work/bin
12K /home/work/script
203M    /home/work/nginx
176K    /home/work/.ansible
18M /home/work/confd
20K /home/work/.java
148M    /home/work/product
8.0K    /home/work/.vim
8.0K    /home/work/.pki
3.1G    /home/work/elasticsearch
3.1M    /home/work/fe
603M    /home/work/falcon
24M /home/work/open-falcon
9.3M    /home/work/mtail
54G /home/work
 
[work@offline-market-Shouhoushahe02-Cqu-01 ~]$ du /home/work/www --max-depth=1 -h
223M    /home/work/www/aftersale-integration
60M /home/work/www/financing_mng_api
21M /home/work/www/RepairShop
949M    /home/work/www/external_api
1.8G    /home/work/www/repairshop.web
79M /home/work/www/aftersale_transfer_service
141M    /home/work/www/refund-approval-center
721M    /home/work/www/aftersale-rop
16G /home/work/www/aftersale_export_task
29G /home/work/www/aftersale-order-center
70M /home/work/www/business-service-web
48G /home/work/www
 
 
[work@offline-market-Shouhoushahe02-Cqu-01 ~]$ du /home/work/www/aftersale-order-center/var --max-depth=1 -h
28G /home/work/www/aftersale-order-center/var/log
16K /home/work/www/aftersale-order-center/var/run
28G /home/work/www/aftersale-order-center/var

3. 删除文件

如果找到占用磁盘较大的文件，然后删除，或者使用echo '' > xx.log（这种方式会立即释放空间）

4. 为释放占用空间

如果删除文件后，之前被占用的磁盘空间仍没有释放，那么可以使用 lsof | grep deleted 命令，看看被删除掉的文件是否仍然被进程占用，而没有进行实际删除：

[work@offline-market-Shouhoushahe02-Cqu-01 log]$ lsof | grep deleted
java       1148           work    1w      REG              253,1 8053981961   2232845 /home/work/package/logs/canal/canal.log36106298883655344.tmp (deleted)
java       1148           work    2w      REG              253,1 8053981961   2232845 /home/work/package/logs/canal/canal.log36106298883655344.tmp (deleted)
java       1148  1149     work    1w      REG              253,1 8053981961   2232845 /home/work/package/logs/canal/canal.log36106298883655344.tmp (deleted)
java       1148  1149     work    2w      REG              253,1 8053981961   2232845 /home/work/package/logs/canal/canal.log36106298883655344.tmp (deleted)
...

kill -9 pid，然后重启即可。杀掉该进程即可。