Spring三种配置注入方式

Spring三种配置注入方式

1.基于XML注入

Car类

public class Car {
		double price;
		String brand;
		public double getPrice() {
			return price;
		}
		public void setPrice(double price) {
			this.price = price;
		}
		public String getBrand() {
			return brand;
		}
		public void setBrand(String brand) {
			this.brand = brand;
		}
		
}

定义了价格和品牌

MyCar类

public class MyCar {
		Car car;
		public Car getCar() {
			return car;
		}

		public void setCar(Car car) {
			this.car = car;
		}
		@Override
		public String toString() {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			return car.price+"   "+car.brand;
		}
		
		
}

采用属性注入，所以对于注入的类或者变量需要提供setter方法

XML配置文件：

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
       xsi:schemaLocation="  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context   
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd  
        ">  
        
        <bean id="car" class="com.testa.Car"> 
        	<property name="price" value="22"></property>
        	<property name="brand" value="bmw"></property>
        </bean>
        
        <bean id="mycar" class="com.testa.MyCar">
        	<property name="car">
        		<ref bean="car"/>
        	</property>
        </bean>
        
        </beans>

启动类：

import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.core.io.Resource;
import org.springframework.core.io.support.PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver;
import org.springframework.core.io.support.ResourcePatternResolver;

public class Test {

	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ResourcePatternResolver resolver = new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver();
		Resource resource = resolver.getResource("classpath:com/testa/beans.xml");
		BeanFactory beanFactory = new XmlBeanFactory(resource);
		MyCar myCar = beanFactory.getBean("mycar", MyCar.class);
		System.out.println(myCar.toString());

	}

}

2.注解配置

首先Car类

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;



@Component("car")
public class Car {
		double price;
		String brand;
		public Car() {
			this.brand = "bmw";
			this.price=55;
		}
		public double getPrice() {
			return price;
		}
		public void setPrice(double price) {
			this.price = price;
		}
		public String getBrand() {
			return brand;
		}
		public void setBrand(String brand) {
			this.brand = brand;
		}
		
}

@component （把普通pojo实例化到spring容器中，相当于配置文件中的<bean id="" class=""/>）

myCar类

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;


@Component("mycar")
public class MyCar {
		@Autowired
		Car car;
			
		public Car getCar() {
			return car;
		}

		public void setCar(Car car) {
			this.car = car;
		}

		@Override
		public String toString() {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			return  car.brand+"  "+car.price;
		}
		
}

@Autowired 注释，它可以对类成员变量、方法及构造函数进行标注，完成自动装配的工作,此处可以将Car实例注入进MyCar

此时还需要配置扫描包

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
       xsi:schemaLocation="  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd  
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context   
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd  
        "> 
     <context:component-scan base-package="com.testb"></context:component-scan>   
        
        </beans>

启动类

import org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Test {

	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		 AbstractApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("com/testb/beans.xml");
		 MyCar myCar = (MyCar) context.getBean("mycar");
		 System.out.println(myCar.toString());
		 
	}

}

3.基于Java类进行配置

Car类：

public class Car {
		
	double price;
	String brand;
	public Car() {
		this.price=333;
		this.brand="bmw";
	}
	public double getPrice() {
		return price;
	}
	public void setPrice(double price) {
		this.price = price;
	}
	public String getBrand() {
		return brand;
	}
	public void setBrand(String brand) {
		this.brand = brand;
	}
	
}

配置类：

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class Config {
	@Bean
	public Car getCar() {
		return new Car();
	}
	@Bean
	public MyCar getMyCar(){
		return new MyCar();
	}
	
}

指定配置信息的类上加上 @Configuration 注解，以明确指出该类是 Bean 配置的信息源。并且 Spring 对标注

Configuration 的类有如下要求：

配置类不能是 final 的；配置类不能是本地化的，亦即不能将配置类定义在其他类的方法内部；配置类必须有一个无参构造函数。AnnotationConfigApplicationContext 将配置类中标注了 @Bean 的方法的返回值识别为 Spring Bean，并注册到容器中，受 IoC 容器管理。

MyCar类：

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

public class MyCar {
	@Autowired
	Car car;

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return car.price+"  "+car.brand;
	}
	
	
	
	
}

将Car进行注入

启动类：

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;

public class Test {

	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(Config.class);
		MyCar myCar = context.getBean(MyCar.class);
		System.out.println(myCar.toString());

	}

}