C++小数处理

小数处理

1. 三个取整函数

double a=50.25;
int res1=floor(a);//向下取整函数,res1=50
int res2=ceil(a);//向上取整函数,res2=51
int res3=round(a);//四舍五入函数,res3=51

2. 保留几位小数

• 重写函数

#include<iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <sstream>
using namespace std;

//四舍五入
string round(double num,int bits)
{
	//方法一:矩阵快速幂
	long long ans = 1;
	int n = bits;
	int base = 10;
	while (n)
	{
		
		if (n & 1)
			ans = ans * base;
		base = base * base;
		n >>= 1;
	}
	//方法二:直接pow
	/*double ans = pow(10, bits);*/
	num = round(num*ans) / ans;
	stringstream ss;
	ss << fixed << showpoint << setprecision(bits) <<num<< endl;
	string s;
	ss >> s;
	return s;
}

//向下取小数
string floor(double num, int bits)
{
	long long ans = 1;
	int n = bits;
	int base = 10;
	while (n)
	{
		if (n & 1)
			ans = ans * base;
		base = base * base;
		n >>= 1;
	}
	/*double ans = pow(10, bits);*/
	num = floor(num*ans) / ans;
	stringstream ss;
	ss << fixed <<showpoint<< setprecision(bits) << num;
	string s;
	ss >> s;
	return s;
}


//向上取小数
string ceil(double num,int bits)
{
	long long ans = 1;
	int n = bits;
	int base = 10;
	while (n)
	{
		if (n & 1)
			ans = ans * base;
		base = base * base;
		n >>= 1;
	}
	/*double ans = pow(10, bits);*/
	num = ceil(num*ans) / ans;
	stringstream ss;
	ss << fixed << showpoint << setprecision(bits) << num;
	string s;
	ss >> s;
	return s;
}
int main() {
	double a = 50.23;
	double b = 50.25;
	cout <<ceil(a,1) <<endl;
	cout << floor(a, 1) << endl;
	cout << round(a, 1) << endl;
		
}

• 输出时处理

  //fixed保证小数按原始小数输出
  //showpoint保证5能输出5.0000
  //setprecision保证精度(四舍五入)
  //只能处理四舍五入
  double num=50.25;
  cout << fixed<< showpoint << setprecision(4) << num <<endl;//50.2500