S3C44B0X键盘的uClinux驱动

      最近几天在研究S3C44B0X键盘驱动，在网上搜了遍，只找到一篇（是千篇一律，不是只有一个搜索结果），都是讲把pc_keyb.c改造成合适的驱动，我业尝试过这个方法，开始是一头雾水（毕竟自己还是很菜），pc_keyb.c里面那么多函数，对linux上的中断驱动没有任何经验，最终放弃了这条路，我们正着走，光明一些。看了一些关于linux驱动的资料，再结合ARM手册上的说明，终于从正向实现了键盘的驱动，然后我再回过去看pc_keyb.c，下意识地就把它改好了，这个事实告诉我们要踏踏实实地，一步一个脚印向前走，要深厚内功。

下面是我自己写的驱动代码：

#include <linux/init.h> #include <linux/config.h> #include <linux/module.h> #include <linux/kernel.h> #include <linux/fs.h> #include <linux/sched.h> #include <linux/types.h> #include <linux/interrupt.h> #include <asm/uaccess.h> #include <asm/arch/s3c44b0x.h> #define IO_IRQ_NUM 21 #define KBD_MAJOR 232 #define KBD_NAME "keyboard" // global vars //static struct tasklet_struct keytask; long jiffies_IRQ_21; // announce of key functions / static int kbd_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp); static int kbd_ioctl(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long param); static int kbd_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp); void kbd_init(void); int kbd_cleanup(void); / interrupt handler / static irqreturn_t interrupt_handler_4567(int irq, void *dev_id, struct pt_regs *regs); struct file_operations fd_ops = { owner: THIS_MODULE, open: kbd_open, release: kbd_release, ioctl: kbd_ioctl, }; static int kbd_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp) { int ret; printk("Open kbd driver!/n"); //assign IRQ 21 ret = request_irq(IO_IRQ_NUM, interrupt_handler_4567, 0, "ih_4567", NULL); if(ret != 0) { printk("Can not assign IRQ!/n"); return -EAGAIN; } jiffies_IRQ_21 = jiffies; (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_EXTINT) &= 0xFFFF; (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_PCONG) |= 0xFF00; (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_PUPG) |= 0x00; (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_INTMOD) &= ~(1<<21); //irq mode (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_INTCON) &= ~(2); //enable FIQ interrupt (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_EXTINPND) |= 0xF; (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_INTPND) &= ~(1<<21); //clear 21 interrupt request //config led registers (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_PUPC) = 0x00; (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_PCONC) &= 0xFFFFFF00; (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_PCONC) |= 0x00000055; (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_PDATC) &= 0xFFFFFF00; printk("EXTINTPND = %02X/n", (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_EXTINPND)); MOD_INC_USE_COUNT; return 0; } static int kbd_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp) { printk("Release kbd driver!/n"); free_irq(IO_IRQ_NUM, NULL); MOD_DEC_USE_COUNT; return 0; } static int kbd_ioctl(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long param) { printk("ioctl of kbd driver!/n"); } static irqreturn_t interrupt_handler_4567(int irq, void *dev_id, struct pt_regs *regs) { int wval, ibits; (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_EXTINPND) |= 0xF; (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_INTPND) &= ~(1<<21); //clear interrupt request (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_I_ISPC) &= ~(1<<21); if((jiffies - jiffies_IRQ_21) < 100) return IRQ_HANDLED; wval = (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_PDATC); ibits = ((*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_EXTINPND) << 1); ibits &= 0x0000000E; wval ^= ibits; (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_PDATC) = wval; return IRQ_HANDLED; } /// module initialization / void __init kbd_init(void) { int ret; ret = register_chrdev(KBD_MAJOR, KBD_NAME, &fd_ops); if(ret < 0) printk("Unable to use major: %d/n", KBD_MAJOR); else printk("Init keyboard driver OK!/n"); } int kbd_cleanup(void) { unregister_chrdev(KBD_MAJOR, KBD_NAME); return 0; } MODULE_AUTHOR("Cricket"); MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

 

由于只有3个LED，所以第四个键没用到，不过原理是一样的

 

下面是我修改pc_keyb.c得到的键盘驱动，我把它重命名为44b0kbd.c

#include <linux/config.h> #include <linux/spinlock.h> #include <linux/sched.h> #include <linux/interrupt.h> #include <linux/tty.h> #include <linux/mm.h> #include <linux/signal.h> #include <linux/init.h> #include <linux/delay.h> #include <linux/random.h> #include <linux/poll.h> #include <linux/miscdevice.h> #include <linux/slab.h> #include <linux/smp_lock.h> #include <linux/pm.h> #include <asm/arch/s3c44b0x.h> #include <asm/bitops.h> #include <asm/uaccess.h> #include <asm/irq.h> #include <asm/system.h> #include <asm/io.h> unsigned long prevjiffies; static unsigned char handle_kbd_event(void); static unsigned char handle_kbd_event(void) { (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_EXTINPND) |= 0xF; (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_INTPND) &= ~(1<<21); //先清除中断位 (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_I_ISPC) &= ~(1<<21); //同上 if((jiffies - prejiffies) < 100) //100个周期内只响应一次按键 return 1; prevjiffies = jiffies; return 0; } static void keyboard_interrupt(int irq, void *dev_id, struct pt_regs *regs) { printk("Cricket's keyboard, invoked ketboard_interrupt()/n"); handle_kbd_event(); } /******************** *** module init *** ********************/ void __init pckbd_init_hw(void) { int ret; ret = request_irq(21, keyboard_interrupt, 0, "keyboard", NULL); if(ret != 0) { printk("Can not assign IRQ 21!/n"); return; } (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_INTPND) &= ~(1<<21); (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_INTMOD) &= ~(1<<21); //IRQ模式，不能设为FIQ模式 (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_INTCON) &= ~(2); //IRQ模式 (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_EXTINT) |= 0xFFFF0000; //一个上升沿加一个下降沿出发 printk("Assign IRQ 21 successfully!/n"); }

 

这里需要注意一个问题：

 (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_EXTINPND) |= 0xF; 
 (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_INTPND) &= ~(1<<21); //clear interrupt request
 (*(volatile unsigned *)S3C44B0X_I_ISPC) &= ~(1<<21);

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 if((jiffies - jiffies_IRQ_21) < 100)
  return IRQ_HANDLED;

上面用分隔线分开的两部分不能颠倒，当时我颠倒了，按了一次之后老是出错，系统输出：

IRQ LOCK: IRQ21 is locking the system, disabled

这个问题折腾了我好久，可能是我当时犯傻了，这样的逻辑都整理不好……

 

接着再把初始化函数写入driver/char文件夹下的mem.c里面，再做一些改动（前面我写的那篇《uClinux+S3C44B0X驱动编写总结》有详细的步骤），kbd驱动要使用用户程序来打开才能使用，44b0kbd就不用了（系统初始化时已经设置好中断），因此在make menuconfig的时候两个驱动不能同时选中，这样给调试带来了一些麻烦。

 

编译后放到板子上，两个驱动都正常工作。