【课程笔记】快速上手Linux玩转典型应用——慕课网（Linux基本配置）

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-17 04:57:40 发布

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今天开始同时更新Linux入门课程。之前自己一直都是带着研究过一阵子Linux，但是研究的不是很透彻，这里正好在微信的公众号中下载到了慕课网的快速上手Linux的视频，正好开始学习一下。
整个视频是基于CentOS 7 进行讲解的。这里的话为了和视频课程一致，我采用的是VirtualBox进行安装，虽然我的ParallelDesktop在macOS下也有，但是为了和课程一致。

这里的话Linux采用Minimum进行安装，仅仅采用命令行的形式。
除此以外，由于我使用的是macOS系统，XShell命令行软件没有支援，这里的话经过我的尝试，找到了一款优秀的国产软件FinalShell可以实现和XShell几乎一样的功能，可以在macOS系统下替代XShell进行操作。强力安利一下。

下面课程主要的SSH操作过程我直接写在下面：

连接成功
Last login: Mon Apr 16 06:56:30 2018
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
enp0s3: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.0.114  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.0.255
        inet6 fe80::a7cc:ad45:300c:bbfe  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 08:00:27:9d:62:ed  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 887  bytes 77760 (75.9 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 783  bytes 103340 (100.9 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 4  bytes 340 (340.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 4  bytes 340 (340.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
enp0s3: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.0.114  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.0.255
        inet6 fe80::a7cc:ad45:300c:bbfe  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 08:00:27:9d:62:ed  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 2077  bytes 167670 (163.7 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 1837  bytes 229744 (224.3 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 4  bytes 340 (340.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 4  bytes 340 (340.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core) 
[root@localhost ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
[root@localhost ~]# wget
-bash: wget: 未找到命令
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# yum install wget
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
There are no enabled repos.
 Run "yum repolist all" to see the repos you have.
 To enable Red Hat Subscription Management repositories:
     subscription-manager repos --enable <repo>
 To enable custom repositories:
     yum-config-manager --enable <repo>
[root@localhost ~]# yum install wget
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
There are no enabled repos.
 Run "yum repolist all" to see the repos you have.
 To enable Red Hat Subscription Management repositories:
     subscription-manager repos --enable <repo>
 To enable custom repositories:
     yum-config-manager --enable <repo>
[root@localhost ~]# wget
-bash: wget: 未找到命令
[root@localhost ~]# wget
-bash: wget: 未找到命令
[root@localhost ~]# yum install wget
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
There are no enabled repos.
 Run "yum repolist all" to see the repos you have.
 To enable Red Hat Subscription Management repositories:
     subscription-manager repos --enable <repo>
 To enable custom repositories:
     yum-config-manager --enable <repo>
[root@localhost ~]#  mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
mv: 无法获取"/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo" 的文件状态(stat): 没有那个文件或目录
[root@localhost ~]#  mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
[root@localhost ~]# yum install wget
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 wget.x86_64.0.1.14-15.el7_4.1 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成

依赖关系解决

========================================================================================
 Package         架构              版本                        源                  大小
========================================================================================
正在安装:
 wget            x86_64            1.14-15.el7_4.1             updates            547 k

事务概要
========================================================================================
安装  1 软件包

总下载量：547 k
安装大小：2.0 M
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
wget-1.14-15.el7_4.1.x86_64.rpm                                  | 547 kB  00:00:00     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  正在安装    : wget-1.14-15.el7_4.1.x86_64                                         1/1 
  验证中      : wget-1.14-15.el7_4.1.x86_64                                         1/1 

已安装:
  wget.x86_64 0:1.14-15.el7_4.1                                                         

完毕！
[root@localhost ~]#  mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
--2018-04-16 07:10:33--  http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
正在解析主机 mirrors.163.com (mirrors.163.com)... 59.111.0.251
正在连接 mirrors.163.com (mirrors.163.com)|59.111.0.251|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度：1572 (1.5K) [application/octet-stream]
正在保存至: “CentOS7-Base-163.repo”

100%[==============================================>] 1,572       --.-K/s 用时 0s      

2018-04-16 07:10:33 (208 MB/s) - 已保存 “CentOS7-Base-163.repo” [1572/1572])

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
已加载插件：fastestmirror
正在清理软件源： base extras updates
Cleaning up everything
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
已加载插件：fastestmirror
base                                                             | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                           | 3.4 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                          | 3.4 kB  00:00:00     
(1/12): base/7/x86_64/group_gz                                   | 156 kB  00:00:00     
(2/12): base/7/x86_64/primary_db                                 | 5.7 MB  00:00:00     
(3/12): base/7/x86_64/filelists_db                               | 6.7 MB  00:00:00     
(4/12): base/7/x86_64/other_db                                   | 2.5 MB  00:00:00     
(5/12): extras/7/x86_64/filelists_db                             | 709 kB  00:00:00     
(6/12): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db                               | 185 kB  00:00:00     
(7/12): extras/7/x86_64/other_db                                 | 121 kB  00:00:00     
(8/12): updates/7/x86_64/prestodelta                             | 960 kB  00:00:00     
(9/12): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db                              | 6.9 MB  00:00:00     
(10/12): updates/7/x86_64/filelists_db                           | 4.2 MB  00:00:00     
(11/12): updates/7/x86_64/other_db                               | 734 kB  00:00:00     
(12/12): extras/7/x86_64/prestodelta                             | 129 kB  00:00:01     
Determining fastest mirrors
元数据缓存已建立
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum install vim
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
软件包 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.160-2.el7.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本
无须任何处理
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum install vim
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
软件包 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.160-2.el7.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本
无须任何处理
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS7-Base-163.repo    CentOS-Debuginfo.repo  CentOS-Sources.repo
CentOS-Base.repo.backup  CentOS-fasttrack.repo  CentOS-Vault.repo
CentOS-CR.repo           CentOS-Media.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp0s3 
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# 
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# 
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# 
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# 
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# 
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]#

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【课程笔记】快速上手Linux玩转典型应用——慕课网（Linux基本配置）

今天开始同时更新Linux入门课程。之前自己一直都是带着研究过一阵子Linux，但是研究的不是很透彻，这里正好在微信的公众号中下载到了慕课网的快速上手Linux的视频，正好开始学习一下。整个视频是基于CentOS 7 进行讲解的。这里的话为了和视频课程一致，我采用的是VirtualBox进行安装，虽然我的ParallelDesktop在macOS下也有，但是为了和课程一致。这里的话Linu...
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