RabbitMQ的通过Spring AMQP实现的五种消息模式


1.简单模式

Spring AMQP实现
首先需要在pom.xml中添加Spring AMQP的相关依赖;

<!--Spring AMQP依赖-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

然后修改application.yml,添加RabbitMQ的相关配置;

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    host: localhost
    port: 5672
    virtual-host: /mall
    username: mall
    password: mall
    publisher-confirms: true #消息发送到交换器确认
    publisher-returns: true #消息发送到队列确认

添加简单模式相关Java配置,创建一个名为simple.hello的队列、一个生产者和一个消费者;

/**
 * Created by macro on 2020/5/19.
 */
@Configuration
public class SimpleRabbitConfig {

 @Bean
 public Queue hello() {
  return new Queue("simple.hello");
 }

 @Bean
 public SimpleSender simpleSender(){
  return new SimpleSender();
 }

 @Bean
 public SimpleReceiver simpleReceiver(){
  return new SimpleReceiver();
 }
}

生产者通过send方法向队列simple.hello中发送消息;

/**
 * Created by macro on 2020/5/19.
 */
public class SimpleSender {

 private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SimpleSender.class);

 @Autowired
 private RabbitTemplate template;

 private static final String queueName="simple.hello";

 public void send() {
  String message = "Hello World!";
  this.template.convertAndSend(queueName, message);
  LOGGER.info(" [x] Sent '{}'", message);
 }

}

消费者从队列simple.hello中获取消息;

/**
 * Created by macro on 2020/5/19.
 */
@RabbitListener(queues = "simple.hello")
public class SimpleReceiver {

    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SimpleReceiver.class);

    @RabbitHandler
    public void receive(String in) {
        LOGGER.info(" [x] Received '{}'", in);
    }

}

在controller中添加测试接口,调用该接口开始发送消息;

/**
 * Created by macro on 2020/5/19.
 */
@Api(tags = "RabbitController", description = "RabbitMQ功能测试")
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/rabbit")
public class RabbitController {

    @Autowired
    private SimpleSender simpleSender;

    @ApiOperation("简单模式")
    @RequestMapping(value = "/simple", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    @ResponseBody
    public CommonResult simpleTest() {
        for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
            simpleSender.send();
            ThreadUtil.sleep(1000);
        }
        return CommonResult.success(null);
    }
}

2.工厂模式

添加工作模式相关Java配置,创建一个名为work.hello的队列、一个生产者和两个消费者;

/**
 * Created by macro on 2020/5/19.
 */
@Configuration
public class WorkRabbitConfig {

    @Bean
    public Queue workQueue() {
        return new Queue("work.hello");
    }

    @Bean
    public WorkReceiver workReceiver1() {
        return new WorkReceiver(1);
    }

    @Bean
    public WorkReceiver workReceiver2() {
        return new WorkReceiver(2);
    }

    @Bean
    public WorkSender workSender() {
        return new WorkSender();
    }

}

生产者通过send方法向队列work.hello中发送消息,消息中包含一定数量的.号;

/**
 * Created by macro on 2020/5/19.
 */
public class WorkSender {

    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WorkSender.class);

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate template;

    private static final String queueName = "work.hello";

    public void send(int index) {
        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder("Hello");
        int limitIndex = index % 3+1;
        for (int i = 0; i < limitIndex; i++) {
            builder.append('.');
        }
        builder.append(index+1);
        String message = builder.toString();
        template.convertAndSend(queueName, message);
        LOGGER.info(" [x] Sent '{}'", message);
    }

}

两个消费者从队列work.hello中获取消息,名称分别为instance 1和instance 2,消息中包含.号越多,耗时越长;

/**
 * Created by macro on 2020/5/19.
 */
@RabbitListener(queues = "work.hello")
public class WorkReceiver {

    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WorkReceiver.class);

    private final int instance;

    public WorkReceiver(int i) {
        this.instance = i;
    }

    @RabbitHandler
    public void receive(String in) {
        StopWatch watch = new StopWatch();
        watch.start();
        LOGGER.info("instance {} [x] Received '{}'", this.instance, in);
        doWork(in);
        watch.stop();
        LOGGER.info("instance {} [x] Done in {}s", this.instance, watch.getTotalTimeSeconds());
    }

    private void doWork(String in) {
        for (char ch : in.toCharArray()) {
            if (ch == '.') {
                ThreadUtil.sleep(1000);
            }
        }
    }

}

在controller中添加测试接口,调用该接口开始发送消息;

/**
 * Created by macro on 2020/5/19.
 */
@Api(tags = "RabbitController", description = "RabbitMQ功能测试")
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/rabbit")
public class RabbitController {
    
    @Autowired
    private WorkSender workSender;

    @ApiOperation("工作模式")
    @RequestMapping(value = "/work", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    @ResponseBody
    public CommonResult workTest() {
        for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
            workSender.send(i);
            ThreadUtil.sleep(1000);
        }
        return CommonResult.success(null);
    }
}

3.发布/订阅模式


添加发布/订阅模式相关Java配置,创建一个名为exchange.fanout的交换机、一个生产者、两个消费者和两个匿名队列,将两个匿名队列都绑定到交换机;

/**
 * Created by macro on 2020/5/19.
 */
@Configuration
public class FanoutRabbitConfig {

    @Bean
    public FanoutExchange fanout() {
        return new FanoutExchange("exchange.fanout");
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue fanoutQueue1() {
        return new AnonymousQueue();
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue fanoutQueue2() {
        return new AnonymousQueue();
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding fanoutBinding1(FanoutExchange fanout, Queue fanoutQueue1) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(fanoutQueue1).to(fanout);
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding fanoutBinding2(FanoutExchange fanout, Queue fanoutQueue2) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(fanoutQueue2).to(fanout);
    }

    @Bean
    public FanoutReceiver fanoutReceiver() {
        return new FanoutReceiver();
    }

    @Bean
    public FanoutSender fanoutSender() {
        return new FanoutSender();
    }

}

生产者通过send方法向交换机exchange.fanout中发送消息,消息中包含一定数量的.号;

/**
 * Created by macro on 2020/5/19.
 */
public class FanoutSender {
    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(FanoutSender.class);
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate template;

    private static final String exchangeName = "exchange.fanout";

    public void send(int index) {
        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder("Hello");
        int limitIndex = index % 3 + 1;
        for (int i = 0; i < limitIndex; i++) {
            builder.append('.');
        }
        builder.append(index + 1);
        String message = builder.toString();
        template.convertAndSend(exchangeName, "", message);
        LOGGER.info(" [x] Sent '{}'", message);
    }

}

消费者从绑定的匿名队列中获取消息,消息中包含.号越多,耗时越长,由于该消费者可以从两个队列中获取并消费消息,可以看做两个消费者,名称分别为instance 1和instance 2;

/**
 * Created by macro on 2020/5/19.
 */
public class FanoutReceiver {

    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(FanoutReceiver.class);

    @RabbitListener(queues = "#{fanoutQueue1.name}")
    public void receive1(String in) {
        receive(in, 1);
    }

    @RabbitListener(queues = "#{fanoutQueue2.name}")
    public void receive2(String in) {
        receive(in, 2);
    }

    private void receive(String in, int receiver) {
        StopWatch watch = new StopWatch();
        watch.start();
        LOGGER.info("instance {} [x] Received '{}'", receiver, in);
        doWork(in);
        watch.stop();
        LOGGER.info("instance {} [x] Done in {}s", receiver, watch.getTotalTimeSeconds());
    }

    private void doWork(String in) {
        for (char ch : in.toCharArray()) {
            if (ch == '.') {
                ThreadUtil.sleep(1000);
            }
        }
    }

}

在controller中添加测试接口,调用该接口开始发送消息;

/**
 * Created by macro on 2020/5/19.
 */
@Api(tags = "RabbitController", description = "RabbitMQ功能测试")
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/rabbit")
public class RabbitController {
    
    @Autowired
    private FanoutSender fanoutSender;

    @ApiOperation("发布/订阅模式")
    @RequestMapping(value = "/fanout", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    @ResponseBody
    public CommonResult fanoutTest() {
        for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
            fanoutSender.send(i);
            ThreadUtil.sleep(1000);
        }
        return CommonResult.success(null);
    }
}

4.路由模式


添加路由模式相关Java配置,创建一个名为exchange.direct的交换机、一个生产者、两个消费者和两个匿名队列,队列通过路由键都绑定到交换机,队列1的路由键为orange和black,队列2的路由键为green和black;

/**
 * Created by macro on 2020/5/19.
 */
@Configuration
public class DirectRabbitConfig {

    @Bean
    public DirectExchange direct() {
        return new DirectExchange("exchange.direct");
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue directQueue1() {
        return new AnonymousQueue();
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue directQueue2() {
        return new AnonymousQueue();
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding directBinding1a(DirectExchange direct, Queue directQueue1) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(directQueue1).to(direct).with("orange");
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding directBinding1b(DirectExchange direct, Queue directQueue1) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(directQueue1).to(direct).with("black");
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding directBinding2a(DirectExchange direct, Queue directQueue2) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(directQueue2).to(direct).with("green");
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding directBinding2b(DirectExchange direct, Queue directQueue2) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(directQueue2).to(direct).with("black");
    }

    @Bean
    public DirectReceiver receiver() {
        return new DirectReceiver();
    }


    @Bean
    public DirectSender directSender() {
        return new DirectSender();
    }

}

生产者通过send方法向交换机exchange.direct中发送消息,发送时使用不同的路由键,根据路由键会被转发到不同的队列;

/**
 * Created by macro on 2020/5/19.
 */
public class DirectSender {

 @Autowired
 private RabbitTemplate template;

 private static final String exchangeName = "exchange.direct";

 private final String[] keys = {"orange", "black", "green"};

 private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DirectSender.class);

 public void send(int index) {
  StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder("Hello to ");
  int limitIndex = index % 3;
  String key = keys[limitIndex];
  builder.append(key).append(' ');
  builder.append(index+1);
  String message = builder.toString();
  template.convertAndSend(exchangeName, key, message);
  LOGGER.info(" [x] Sent '{}'", message);
 }

}

消费者从自己绑定的匿名队列中获取消息,由于该消费者可以从两个队列中获取并消费消息,可以看做两个消费者,名称分别为instance 1和instance 2;

/**
 * Created by macro on 2020/5/19.
 */
public class DirectReceiver {
    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DirectReceiver.class);

    @RabbitListener(queues = "#{directQueue1.name}")
    public void receive1(String in){
        receive(in, 1);
    }

    @RabbitListener(queues = "#{directQueue2.name}")
    public void receive2(String in){
        receive(in, 2);
    }

    private void receive(String in, int receiver){
        StopWatch watch = new StopWatch();
        watch.start();
        LOGGER.info("instance {} [x] Received '{}'", receiver, in);
        doWork(in);
        watch.stop();
        LOGGER.info("instance {} [x] Done in {}s", receiver, watch.getTotalTimeSeconds());
    }

    private void doWork(String in){
        for (char ch : in.toCharArray()) {
            if (ch == '.') {
                ThreadUtil.sleep(1000);
            }
        }
    }

}

在controller中添加测试接口,调用该接口开始发送消息;

/**
 * Created by macro on 2020/5/19.
 */
@Api(tags = "RabbitController", description = "RabbitMQ功能测试")
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/rabbit")
public class RabbitController {

    @Autowired
    private DirectSender directSender;

    @ApiOperation("路由模式")
    @RequestMapping(value = "/direct", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    @ResponseBody
    public CommonResult directTest() {
        for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
            directSender.send(i);
            ThreadUtil.sleep(1000);
        }
        return CommonResult.success(null);
    }
}

5.通配符模式


添加通配符模式相关Java配置,创建一个名为exchange.topic的交换机、一个生产者、两个消费者和两个匿名队列,匹配*.orange..*.rabbit发送到队列1,匹配lazy.#发送到队列2;

/**
 * Created by macro on 2020/5/19.
 */
@Configuration
public class TopicRabbitConfig {

    @Bean
    public TopicExchange topic() {
        return new TopicExchange("exchange.topic");
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue topicQueue1() {
        return new AnonymousQueue();
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue topicQueue2() {
        return new AnonymousQueue();
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding topicBinding1a(TopicExchange topic, Queue topicQueue1) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQueue1).to(topic).with("*.orange.*");
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding topicBinding1b(TopicExchange topic, Queue topicQueue1) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQueue1).to(topic).with("*.*.rabbit");
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding topicBinding2a(TopicExchange topic, Queue topicQueue2) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(topicQueue2).to(topic).with("lazy.#");
    }

    @Bean
    public TopicReceiver topicReceiver() {
        return new TopicReceiver();
    }

    @Bean
    public TopicSender topicSender() {
        return new TopicSender();
    }

}

生产者通过send方法向交换机exchange.topic中发送消息,消息中包含不同的路由键;

/**
 * Created by macro on 2020/5/19.
 */
public class TopicSender {

 @Autowired
 private RabbitTemplate template;

 private static final String exchangeName = "exchange.topic";

 private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TopicSender.class);


 private final String[] keys = {"quick.orange.rabbit", "lazy.orange.elephant", "quick.orange.fox",
   "lazy.brown.fox", "lazy.pink.rabbit", "quick.brown.fox"};

 public void send(int index) {
  StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder("Hello to ");
  int limitIndex = index%keys.length;
  String key = keys[limitIndex];
  builder.append(key).append(' ');
  builder.append(index+1);
  String message = builder.toString();
  template.convertAndSend(exchangeName, key, message);
  LOGGER.info(" [x] Sent '{}'",message);
  System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");
 }

}

消费者从自己绑定的匿名队列中获取消息,由于该消费者可以从两个队列中获取并消费消息,可以看做两个消费者,名称分别为instance 1和instance 2;

/**
 * Created by macro on 2020/5/19.
 */
public class TopicReceiver {

 private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TopicReceiver.class);

 @RabbitListener(queues = "#{topicQueue1.name}")
 public void receive1(String in){
  receive(in, 1);
 }

 @RabbitListener(queues = "#{topicQueue2.name}")
 public void receive2(String in){
  receive(in, 2);
 }

 public void receive(String in, int receiver){
  StopWatch watch = new StopWatch();
  watch.start();
  LOGGER.info("instance {} [x] Received '{}'", receiver, in);
  doWork(in);
  watch.stop();
  LOGGER.info("instance {} [x] Done in {}s", receiver, watch.getTotalTimeSeconds());
 }

 private void doWork(String in){
  for (char ch : in.toCharArray()) {
   if (ch == '.') {
    ThreadUtil.sleep(1000);
   }
  }
 }

}

在controller中添加测试接口,调用该接口开始发送消息;

/**
 * Created by macro on 2020/5/19.
 */
@Api(tags = "RabbitController", description = "RabbitMQ功能测试")
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/rabbit")
public class RabbitController {

    @Autowired
    private TopicSender topicSender;

    @ApiOperation("通配符模式")
    @RequestMapping(value = "/topic", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    @ResponseBody
    public CommonResult topicTest() {
        for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
            topicSender.send(i);
            ThreadUtil.sleep(1000);
        }
        return CommonResult.success(null);
    }
}
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