集中式数据库-用KFED REPAIRE快速修复ASM磁盘头

ASM磁盘头故障的原因十分复杂,一般和安装与运维有关，其根本原因就是Oracle.比如在AIX平台上,如果没有清掉PVID，下次服务器重启时就可能会出现设备名混乱的问题，如果你用chdev去修改设备，那么ASM磁盘头可能会丢失。

ASM磁盘头丢失在以前是十分麻烦的一件事情，10年前，修复DISK HEAD的费用可能高达数万元甚至十多万元。因为那时候只有少数对ASM DISK HEAD比较了解的工程师才能通过kfed工具手工修复磁盘头。到目前位置，用kfed使用常规方法修复磁盘头还是一件十分困难的事情。直到Oracle 10.2.0.5开始，Oracle也意识到了asm的这个问题，在asm metadata中保留了一个备份块，这样使用 kfed的一个隐含功能就可以实现asm磁盘头的一键修复了。Kfed repair功能可以一键修复磁盘头，哪怕你对磁盘头一无所知，只要会使用这个命令就可以了。下面我们通过一个实验来验证一下。

SQL>select name,path,state,header_status from v$asm_disk

SQL> /

NAME                 PATH                           STATE    HEADER_STATU

-------------------- ------------------------------ -------- ------------

DATA2_0000           /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK7  NORMAL   MEMBER

FRA_DG_0000          /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK6  NORMAL   MEMBER

DATA_0003            /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK5  NORMAL   MEMBER

DATA_0002            /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK4  NORMAL   MEMBER

AVM_DG_0000          /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK3  NORMAL   MEMBER

DATA_0001            /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK2  NORMAL   MEMBER

DATA_0000            /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK1  NORMAL   MEMBER

从中我们来选择DATA的0001号盘ASMDISK2来做实验。

[root@localhost bin]# dd if=/dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK2  of=ASMDISK2.dd bs=4096 count=1

1+0 records in

1+0 records out

4096 bytes (4.1 kB) copied, 0.00168042 seconds, 2.4 MB/s

[root@localhost bin]# ls *.dd

ASMDISK2.dd

[root@localhost bin]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK2 bs=4096 count=1

1+0 records in

1+0 records out

4096 bytes (4.1 kB) copied, 0.00219438 seconds, 1.9 MB/s

然后我们来启动ASM：

[grid@localhost bin]$ sqlplus '/as sysasm'

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Fri Mar 27 09:27:07 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup

ASM instance started

Total System Global Area  284565504 bytes

Fixed Size                  1343692 bytes

Variable Size             258055988 bytes

ASM Cache                  25165824 bytes

ORA-15032: not all alterations performed

ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete

ORA-15042: ASM disk "1" is missing from group number "3"

SQL> alter diskgroup data mount;

alter diskgroup data mount

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-15032: not all alterations performed

ORA-15040: diskgroup is incomplete

ORA-15042: ASM disk "1" is missing from group number "3"

下面一键修复就大显神威了：

[root@localhost bin]# ./kfed repair /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK2

[root@localhost bin]#

然后我们来看看：

SQL> alter diskgroup data mount;

Diskgroup altered.

磁盘头已修复。

作者：白鳝