HomeAssistant移植

1、移植说明

(1)硬件：使用的是迅为的4412开发板，运行内存2G

(2)软件：迅为提供的u-boot2020.10和5.3.18设备树内核(4412_SCP_5.3.18_V_2.0.tar.bz2)，ubuntu-base-22.04.3

(3)移植环境：虚拟机 ubuntu20.04

2、编译uboot

(1)修改源码，实现env的保存功能

env/mmc.c的env_mmc_load函数，在函数中增加下面代码

ret = env_import(buf, 1, H_EXTERNAL);

static int env_mmc_load(void)
 {
 #if !defined(ENV_IS_EMBEDDED)
     ALLOC_CACHE_ALIGN_BUFFER(char, buf, CONFIG_ENV_SIZE);
     struct mmc *mmc;
     u32 offset;
     int ret;
     int dev = mmc_get_env_dev();
     const char *errmsg;
 ​
     mmc = find_mmc_device(dev);
 ​
     errmsg = init_mmc_for_env(mmc);
     if (errmsg) {
         ret = -EIO;
         goto err;
     }
 ​
     if (mmc_get_env_addr(mmc, 0, &offset)) {
         ret = -EIO;
         goto fini;
     }
 ​
     if (read_env(mmc, CONFIG_ENV_SIZE, offset, buf)) {
         errmsg = "!read failed";
         ret = -EIO;
         goto fini;
     }
     ret = env_import(buf, 1, H_EXTERNAL);
 fini:
     fini_mmc_for_env(mmc);
 err:
     if (ret)
         env_set_default(errmsg, 0);
 #endif
     return ret;
 }

(2)修改源码，初始化2G内存

• arch/arm/mach-exynos/dmc_init_exynos4.c的dmc_init函数，增加以下代码

/* Memory Channel Inteleaving Size */ writel((0x80000000 | 0x1F), &dmc->ivcontrol);

static void dmc_init(struct exynos4_dmc *dmc)
 {
     /*
      * DLL Parameter Setting:
      * Termination: Enable R/W
      * Phase Delay for DQS Cleaning: 180' Shift
      */
     writel(mem.control1, &dmc->phycontrol1);
 ​
     /*
      * ZQ Calibration
      * Termination: Disable
      * Auto Calibration Start: Enable
      */
     writel(mem.zqcontrol, &dmc->phyzqcontrol);
     sdelay(0x100000);
 ​
     /*
      * Update DLL Information:
      * Force DLL Resyncronization
      */
     phy_control_reset(1, dmc);
     phy_control_reset(0, dmc);
 ​
     /* Set DLL Parameters */
     writel(mem.control1, &dmc->phycontrol1);
 ​
     /* DLL Start */
     writel((mem.control0 | CTRL_START | CTRL_DLL_ON), &dmc->phycontrol0);
 ​
     writel(mem.control2, &dmc->phycontrol2);
 ​
     /* Set Clock Ratio of Bus clock to Memory Clock */
     writel(mem.concontrol, &dmc->concontrol);
     
     /* Memory Channel Inteleaving Size */
     writel((0x80000000 | 0x1F), &dmc->ivcontrol);
 ​
     /*
      * Memor Burst length: 8
      * Number of chips: 2
      * Memory Bus width: 32 bit
      * Memory Type: DDR3
      * Additional Latancy for PLL: 1 Cycle
      */
     writel(mem.memcontrol, &dmc->memcontrol);
     writel(mem.memconfig0, &dmc->memconfig0);
     writel(mem.memconfig1, &dmc->memconfig1);
 ​
     /* Config Precharge Policy */
     writel(mem.prechconfig, &dmc->prechconfig);
     /*
      * TimingAref, TimingRow, TimingData, TimingPower Setting:
      * Values as per Memory AC Parameters
      */
     writel(mem.timingref, &dmc->timingref);
     writel(mem.timingrow, &dmc->timingrow);
     writel(mem.timingdata, &dmc->timingdata);
     writel(mem.timingpower, &dmc->timingpower);
 ​
     /* Chip0: NOP Command: Assert and Hold CKE to high level */
     writel(DIRECT_CMD_NOP, &dmc->directcmd);
     sdelay(0x100000);
 ​
     /* Chip0: EMRS2, EMRS3, EMRS, MRS Commands Using Direct Command */
     dmc_config_mrs(dmc, 0);
     sdelay(0x100000);
 ​
     /* Chip0: ZQINIT */
     writel(DIRECT_CMD_ZQ, &dmc->directcmd);
     sdelay(0x100000);
 ​
     writel((DIRECT_CMD_NOP | DIRECT_CMD_CHIP1_SHIFT), &dmc->directcmd);
     sdelay(0x100000);
 ​
     /* Chip1: EMRS2, EMRS3, EMRS, MRS Commands Using Direct Command */
     dmc_config_mrs(dmc, 1);
     sdelay(0x100000);
 ​
     /* Chip1: ZQINIT */
     writel((DIRECT_CMD_ZQ | DIRECT_CMD_CHIP1_SHIFT), &dmc->directcmd);
     sdelay(0x100000);
 ​
     phy_control_reset(1, dmc);
     sdelay(0x100000);
 ​
     /* turn on DREX0, DREX1 */
     writel((mem.concontrol | AREF_EN), &dmc->concontrol);
 }

• arch/arm/mach-exynos/itop4412_setup.h

 #define CHIP_MASK       (0xC0 << 16)
 改为
 #define CHIP_MASK       (0x80 << 16)

• include/configs/itop4412.h

 #define SDRAM_BANK_SIZE         (256 << 20)
 改为
 #define SDRAM_BANK_SIZE         (512 << 20)

3、编译5.3.18内核

在迅为的默认配置上修改

(1)配置Kernel command line type

配置为使用uboot内核传参

Boot options --->

Kernel command line type(Use bootloader kernel arguments if available)

(2)添加docker内核支持

修改内核配置，确保以下配置是启用的

"ipvs" match support的前置条件是IP virtual server support

Bridged IP/ARP packets filtering的前置条件是802.1d Ethernet Bridging

Support for eBPF programs attached to cgroups的前置条件是Enable bpf() system call

4、移植ubuntu-base-22.04.3

基于ubuntu-base构建根文件系统并移植到RK3568开发板 (yii666.com)

移植Ubuntu Base 20.04 LTS (Focal Fossa)到4412开发板 (taodudu.cc)

(1)安装工具

 apt install qemu-user-static 

(2)解压

(3)进入解压路径，cp /usr/bin/qemu-arm-static usr/bin/

如果ubuntu-base是aarch64架构，cp /usr/bin/qemu-aarch64-static ubuntu_rootfs/usr/bin

(4)配置DNS，cp /etc/resolv.conf etc/resolv.conf

(5)修改软件源

 # 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
 deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
 deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
 deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
 deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
 deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
 deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
 ​
 deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
 deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
 ​
 #deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
 #deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
 ​
 # 预发布软件源，不建议启用
 # deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
 # deb-src http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

 ​

(6)挂载

 ./mount.sh -m a/

(7) 设置用户和账户密码(默认设置为root)

 passwd root

(8)设置主机名和host

 echo "4412'"> /etc/hostname
 echo "127.0.0.1 localhost" > /etc/hosts

(9)安装常用命令和软件

若apt update失败，检查主机网络是否有问题，重启网卡命令service network-manager restart

 export LC_ALL=C
 apt update
 apt install sudo
 apt install language-pack-en-base
 apt install ssh
 apt install net-tools
 apt install ethtool
 apt install ifupdown
 apt install iputils-ping
 apt install rsyslog
 apt install htop
 apt install vim
 apt install apt-utils
 chmod 0400 /etc/ssh/ssh_host_*key
 echo 'PermitRootLogin yes' >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config

(10) 配置串口终端

ln -s /lib/systemd/system/getty\@.service /etc/systemd/system/getty.target.wants/getty\@ttySAC2.service

(11)配置网络

echo auto eth0 > /etc/network/interfaces.d/eth0
echo iface eth0 inet dhcp >> /etc/network/interfaces.d/eth0

(12)退出并解挂

exit
./mount.sh -u a/

(13)打包文件系统并复制到sd卡

 // 打包文件系统
 tar -czvf ../Image/ubuntu_22.04.tar.gz ./
 ​
 // 查看sd卡挂载名
 df -l
 ​
 // 解压到sd卡中
 tar -zxvf  ./

5、验证系统可行性

(1)下载编译好的uboot和kernel和设备树文件，插入sd卡，选择EMMC启动

(2)确保command line为root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootfstype=ext4 init=/sbin/init console=ttySAC2,115200

 // 设置环境变量
 setenv bootargs root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootfstype=ext4 init=/sbin/init console=ttySAC2,115200
 // 保存环境变量
 saveenv

6、安装docker

Ubuntu Docker 安装 | 菜鸟教程 (it028.com)

最详细的ubuntu 安装 docker教程_ubuntu docker-CSDN博客

(1)检查卸载老版本docker

如果没有安装过，跳过该步骤

 apt remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc

(2)更新软件

 apt update
 apt upgrade

(3)安装依赖

 apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl gnupg-agent software-properties-common

(4)来添加GPG密钥

curl -fsSL http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

(5)添加Docker的软件源

 add-apt-repository "deb [arch=armhf] http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs) stable"

(6)安装docker

 apt install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

(7)查看docker版本

 docker --version  

(8)启动docker

 /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable docker
 systemctl start docker

(9)解决启动报错

 问题：
 error obtaining controller instance: unable to add return rule in DOCKER-ISOLATION-STAGE-1 chain
 解决(执行以下指令)：
 update-alternatives --set iptables /usr/sbin/iptables-legacy

(10)配置docker的镜像源,设置管理docker日志的cground组为systemd

 cat >> /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
 {
   "registry-mirrors": ["https://b9pmyelo.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
   "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
   "log-driver": "json-file",
   "log-opts": {
      "max-size": "100m"
   }
 ​
 }
 EOF

(11)重启docker

 systemctl daemon-reload 
 systemctl restart docker

7、安装HomeAssistant

(1)运行容器

 docker run -d -p 8123:8123  --name="home-assistant" -v /opt/HomeAssistant/config:/config -v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro homeassistant/home-assistant

(2)验证HomeAssistant

浏览器查看，http://IP地址:8123/

或者app查看，App下载地址GitHub - home-assistant/android: :iphone: Home Assistant Companion for Android

(3)安装docker-compose

• 最新发行的版本地址：Releases · docker/compose · GitHub

• 下载命令

  建议使用daocloud下载，github访问太慢了

 // 由于uname -s和uname -m在开发板上的输出值有点问题，不要直接使用该指令
 curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/v2.23.0/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
 // 或者
 curl -L https://get.daocloud.io/docker/compose/releases/download/v2.23.0/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

使用替换uname -s和uname -m的指令

curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/v2.23.0/docker-compose-linux-armv7" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
 // 或者
 curl -L "https://get.daocloud.io/docker/compose/releases/download/v2.23.0/docker-compose-linux-armv7" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

• 增加可执行权限

 chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

• 添加软链接

 ln -s /usr/local/bin/docker-compose /usr/bin/docker-compose

• 查看版本

 docker-compose --version

• 增加docker-compose命令补全

// 安装bash-completion
 apt install bash-completion -y
 // 下载docker-compose自动补全文件,注意版本号
 curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/docker/compose/v2.23.0/contrib/completion/bash/docker-compose -o /etc/bash_completion.d/docker-compose
 // 重新加载bash配置
 source /etc/bash_completion.d/docker-compose

有可能下载不了，那就在github下载，docker-compose的命令补全 - 厚礼蝎 - 博客园 (cnblogs.com)

GitHub - docker/compose: Define and run multi-container applications with Docker

切换到release分支

在contrib/completion/bash/路径下

点击复制

在/etc/bash_completion.d/下新建docker-compose文件，保存退出后

vim /etc/bash_completion.d/docker-compose

(4)用docker-compse管理HomeAssistant服务

创建yaml文件(路径自己定义就好)，vi docker-compose.yml

version: '3'
 services:
   home-assistant: 
     image: homeassistant/home-assistant:latest
     container_name: home-assistant
     restart: always
     ports:
     - 8123:8123
     volumes:
     - /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro
     - /opt/HomeAssistant/config:/config

先停掉之前的HomeAssistant，再运行

docker ps -a
docker stop <容器id>
docker rm <容器id>
 ​
// 启动服务
docker-compose up -d

未完，待续......

2023/10/22

DGY(编)