Android SDK集成了Apache HttpClient模块。要注意的是,这里的Apache HttpClient模块是HttpClient 4.0(org.apache.http.*),而不是常见的 Jakarta Commons HttpClient 3.x(org.apache.commons.httpclient.*)。
HttpClient常用HttpGet和HttpPost这两个类,分别对应Get方式和Post方式。
无论是使用HttpGet,还是使用HttpPost,都必须通过如下3步来访问HTTP资源。
1.创建HttpGet或HttpPost对象,将要请求的URL通过构造方法传入HttpGet或HttpPost对象。
2.使用DefaultHttpClient类的execute方法发送HTTP GET或HTTP POST请求,并返回HttpResponse对象。
3.通过HttpResponse接口的getEntity方法返回响应信息,并进行相应的处理。
如果使用HttpPost方法提交HTTP POST请求,则需要使用HttpPost类的setEntity方法设置请求参数。参数则必须用NameValuePair[]数组存储。
下面给出一些实例:
Get方式:
// HttpGet方式请求
public static void requestByHttpGet() throws Exception {
String path = "https://reg.163.com/logins.jsp?id=helloworld&pwd=android";
// 新建HttpGet对象
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(path);
// 获取HttpClient对象
HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
// 获取HttpResponse实例
HttpResponse httpResp = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
// 判断是够请求成功
if (httpResp.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HTTP_200) {
// 获取返回的数据
String result = EntityUtils.toString(httpResp.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
Log.i(TAG_HTTPGET, "HttpGet方式请求成功,返回数据如下:");
Log.i(TAG_HTTPGET, result);
} else {
Log.i(TAG_HTTPGET, "HttpGet方式请求失败");
}
}
public String doGet()
{
String uriAPI = "http://XXXXX?str=I+am+get+String";
String result= "";
// HttpGet httpRequst = new HttpGet(URI uri);
// HttpGet httpRequst = new HttpGet(String uri);
// 创建HttpGet或HttpPost对象,将要请求的URL通过构造方法传入HttpGet或HttpPost对象。
HttpGet httpRequst = new HttpGet(uriAPI);
// new DefaultHttpClient().execute(HttpUriRequst requst);
try {
//使用DefaultHttpClient类的execute方法发送HTTP GET请求,并返回HttpResponse对象。
HttpResponse httpResponse = new DefaultHttpClient().execute(httpRequst);//其中HttpGet是HttpUriRequst的子类
if(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200)
{
HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
result = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity);//取出应答字符串
// 一般来说都要删除多余的字符
result.replaceAll("\r", "");//去掉返回结果中的"\r"字符,否则会在结果字符串后面显示一个小方格
}
else
httpRequst.abort();
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
result = e.getMessage().toString();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
result = e.getMessage().toString();
}
return result;
}
Post方式:
如果使用HttpPost方法提交HTTP POST请求,则需要使用HttpPost类的setEntity方法设置请求参数。参数则必须用NameValuePair[]数组存储。
public String doPost()
{
String uriAPI = "http://XXXXXX";//Post方式没有参数在这里
String result = "";
HttpPost httpRequst = new HttpPost(uriAPI);//创建HttpPost对象
List <NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("str", "I am Post String"));
try {
httpRequst.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params,HTTP.UTF_8));
HttpResponse httpResponse = new DefaultHttpClient().execute(httpRequst);
if(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200)
{
HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();
result = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity);//取出应答字符串
}
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
result = e.getMessage().toString();
}
catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
result = e.getMessage().toString();
}
catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
result = e.getMessage().toString();
}
return result;
}
// HttpPost方式请求
public static void requestByHttpPost() throws Exception {
String path = "https://reg.163.com/logins.jsp";
// 新建HttpPost对象
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(path);
// Post参数
List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("id", "helloworld"));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("pwd", "android"));
// 设置字符集
HttpEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params, HTTP.UTF_8);
// 设置参数实体
httpPost.setEntity(entity);
// 获取HttpClient对象
HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
// 获取HttpResponse实例
HttpResponse httpResp = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
// 判断是够请求成功
if (httpResp.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HTTP_200) {
// 获取返回的数据
String result = EntityUtils.toString(httpResp.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
Log.i(TAG_HTTPGET, "HttpPost方式请求成功,返回数据如下:");
Log.i(TAG_HTTPGET, result);
} else {
Log.i(TAG_HTTPGET, "HttpPost方式请求失败");
}
}