浅谈JSON：

浅谈JSON：

1.概念：

1.JSON：JavaScript 对象表示法(JavaScript Object Notation）, 是一种轻量级易与解析的数据格式，它按照 js 的对象和数组的字面量格式来书写。易于人阅读和编写，也易于机器解析和生成。广泛应用于服务端与客户端的数据交互。
2.JSON 是存储和交换文本信息的语法，类似 XML;JSON 采用完全独立于语言的文本格式，也使用了类似于 C 语言家族的习惯（包括 C, C++, C#,Java, JavaScript, Perl, Python…）这些特性使 JSON 成为理想的数据交换语言。
3.JSON在过去几年中已变得非常受欢迎，尤其是在 web 开发中。

2.格式：

---

两种构建结构：*

1.对象:“名称/值”对的集合

{
"name": "蒙",
"age": 18,
"sex": false
}

2.数组:值的有序列表

[
{
"name": "xiaopeng",
"age": 18,
"sex": true
},
{
"name": "dameng",
"age": 19,
"sex": false
}
]

{
"name": "teacher",
"computer": {
"CPU":"intel7,
"disk": "512G"
},
"students": [
{
"name": "张三",
"age": 18,
"sex": true
},
{
"name": "李四",
"age": 19,
"sex": false
}
]
}

3.解析方式：

1）对象与Json相互转换：

//实体类创建：
package com.mage.po;

public class User {
	
	private String name;
	private String address;
	private boolean sex;
 
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "User [name=" + name + ", address=" + address + ", sex=" + sex + "]";
	}

	public User(String name, String address, boolean sex) {
		super();
		this.name = name;
		this.address = address;
		this.sex = sex;
	}
	
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String getAddress() {
		return address;
	}
	public void setAddress(String address) {
		this.address = address;
	}
	public boolean isSex() {
		return sex;
	}
	public void setSex(boolean sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}

}

package com.mage.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.mage.po.User;
@WebServlet("/js01")
public class JsonServlet01 extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		System.out.println("对象转json");
		User user = new User("小小","江西",true);
		// 创建Gson对象
		Gson gson = new Gson();
		// 将user转换为json字符串
		String json = gson.toJson(user);
		System.out.println(json); 
		
		System.out.println("json转对象");
		// 创建json字符串
		String json1 = "{\"name\":\"小小\",\"address\":\"江西\",\"sex\":true}";
		// 创建Gson对象
		Gson gson1 = new Gson();
		// 将json字符串转换为user对象
		User user1 = gson1.fromJson(json1, User.class);
		System.out.println(user1);
	}

}

2）List与Json相互转换：

package com.mage.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.google.gson.reflect.TypeToken;
import com.mage.po.User;

@WebServlet("/js02")
public class JsonServlet02 extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		System.out.println("List转json");
		// 创建List<User>集合
		List<User> userList = new ArrayList<>();
		// 创建user 添加到 userList中
		userList.add(new User("小小","江西",true));
		userList.add(new User("鹏鹏","高安",true));
		userList.add(new User("小米","长沙",true));
		// 创建gson对象
		Gson gson = new Gson();
		// List转json
		String json = gson.toJson(userList); 
		System.out.println(json); 
		
		
		System.out.println("json转List");
		// 创建json字符串
		String json1 = "[{\"name\":\"小小\",\"address\":\"江西\",\"sex\":true},{\"name\":\"鹏鹏\",\"address\":\"高安\",\"sex\":true},{\"name\":\"小米\",\"address\":\"长沙\",\"sex\":true}]";
		// 创建gson对象
		Gson gson1 = new Gson();
		// json转List
		List<User> userList1 = gson1.fromJson(json1, new TypeToken<List<User>>(){}.getType());
		for (User user : userList1) {
			System.out.println(user);
		}
	}

}

3）Map与Json相互转换：

package com.mage.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.google.gson.reflect.TypeToken;
import com.mage.po.User;

@WebServlet("/js03")
public class JsonServlet03 extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		System.out.println("Map转json");
		// 创建Map集合
		Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
		map.put("id", "01");
		map.put("user", new User("小小","江西",true));
		
		// 创建Gson对象
		Gson gson = new Gson();
		// Map转json
		String json = gson.toJson(map);
		System.out.println(json);
		System.out.println("json转Map");
		// 来一个json字符串
		String json1 = "{\"id\":\"01\",\"user\":{\"name\":\"鹏鹏\",\"address\":\"高安\",\"sex\":true}}";
		// 创建Gson对象
		Gson gson1 = new Gson();
		// json转map
		Map<String,Object> map1 = gson1.fromJson(json1, new TypeToken<Map<String,Object>>(){}.getType());
		for (String key : map1.keySet()) {
			System.out.println(key + "：" + map1.get(key));
		}
	}

}